Abstract: An electronic device display may have pixels formed from crystalline semiconductor light-emitting diode dies, organic light-emitting diodes, or other pixel structures. The pixels may be formed on a display panel substrate. A display panel may extend continuously across the display or multiple display panels may be tiled in two dimensions to cover a larger display area. Interconnect substrates may have outwardly facing contacts that are electrically shorted to corresponding inwardly facing contacts such as inwardly facing metal pillars associated with the display panels. The interconnect substrates may be supported by glass layers. Integrated circuits may be embedded in the display panels and/or in the interconnect substrates. A display may have an active area with pixels that includes non-spline pixels in a non-spline display portion located above a straight edge of the display and spline pixel in a spline display portion located above a curved edge of the display.

Abstract: A finger-mounted device may include finger-mounted units. The finger-mounted units may each have a body that serves as a support structure for components such as force sensors, accelerometers, and other sensors and for haptic output devices. The body may have sidewall portions coupled by a portion that rests adjacent to a user's fingernail. The body may be formed from deformable material such as metal or may be formed from adjustable structures such as sliding body portions that are coupled to each other using magnetic attraction, springs, or other structures. The body of each finger-mounted unit may have a U-shaped cross-sectional profile that leaves the finger pad of each finger exposed when the body is coupled to a fingertip of a user's finger. Control circuitry may gather finger press input, lateral finger movement input, and finger tap input using the sensors and may provide haptic output using the haptic output device.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for pre-processing layered images prior to compression and distribution. According to some embodiments, a technique can include accessing at least two images of a layered image: (i) a background image, and (ii) one or more layer images. Next, a flattened image is generated based on the at least two images. Next, respective one or more delta layer images are generated for the one or more layer images by: for at least one pixel of each layer image having (i) an alpha sub-pixel set to fully opaque, and (ii) a first color property equivalent to a second color property of a corresponding pixel within the flattened image: setting bits of the first color property of the pixel to the same value (e.g., zero (0) or one (1)). Finally, the one or more delta layer images are compressed and provided to a destination computing device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques for performing lossless compression of single-channel images (e.g., grayscale images). A first technique involves pre-processing an isolated (i.e., one) single-channel image for compression. In particular, the first technique involves calculating predicted pixel intensity values (within the single-channel image) based on neighboring pixel intensity values (also within the single-channel image). Bit values of the error margins of the predicted pixel intensity values are separated into two different byte streams according to a particular ordering, whereupon the byte streams are separately compressed (e.g., using a Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW)-based compressor) and joined together to produce a compressed single-channel image. A second technique involves pre-processing a group of single-channel images into one single-channel image for compression.

Abstract: This application relates to an optimization for a technique for filtering an input signal according to a convolution kernel that is stored in a floating point format. A method for filtering the input signal includes: receiving a set of filter coefficients that define the convolution kernel; determining an order for a plurality of floating point operations configured to generate an element of an output signal; and filtering the input signal by the convolution kernel to generate the output signal. Each floating point operation corresponds with a particular filter coefficient, and the order for the plurality of floating point operations is determined based on a magnitude of the particular filter coefficient associated with each floating point operation. The filtering is performed by executing the plurality of floating point operations according to the order. The data path can be a half-precision floating point data path implemented on a processor.

Abstract: This application relates to an optimization for a technique for filtering an input signal according to a convolution kernel that is stored in a floating point format. A method for filtering the input signal includes: receiving a set of filter coefficients that define the convolution kernel; determining an order for a plurality of floating point operations configured to generate an element of an output signal; and filtering the input signal by the convolution kernel to generate the output signal. Each floating point operation corresponds with a particular filter coefficient, and the order for the plurality of floating point operations is determined based on a magnitude of the particular filter coefficient associated with each floating point operation. The filtering is performed by executing the plurality of floating point operations according to the order. The data path can be a half-precision floating point data path implemented on a processor.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for pre-processing an image for compression, e.g., one that includes a plurality of pixels, where each pixel is composed of sub-pixels that include at least an alpha sub-pixel. First, the alpha sub-pixels are separated into a first data stream. Next, invertible transformations are applied to the remaining sub-pixels to produce transformed sub-pixels. Next, for each row of the pixels: (i) identifying a predictive function that yields a smallest prediction differential total for the row, (ii) providing an identifier of the predictive function to a second data stream, and (iii) converting the transformed sub-pixels of the pixels in the row into prediction differentials based on the predictive function. Additionally, the prediction differentials for each of the pixels are encoded into first and second bytes that are provided to third and fourth data streams, respectively. In turn, the various data streams are compressed into a compressed image.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for pre-processing an image for compression, e.g., one that includes a plurality of pixels, where each pixel is composed of sub-pixels that include at least an alpha sub-pixel. First, the alpha sub-pixels are separated into a first data stream. Next, invertible transformations are applied to the remaining sub-pixels to produce transformed sub-pixels. Next, for each row of the pixels: (i) identifying a predictive function that yields a smallest prediction differential total for the row, (ii) providing an identifier of the predictive function to a second data stream, and (iii) converting the transformed sub-pixels of the pixels in the row into prediction differentials based on the predictive function. Additionally, the prediction differentials for each of the pixels are encoded into first and second bytes that are provided to third and fourth data streams, respectively. In turn, the various data streams are compressed into a compressed image.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for pre-processing layered images prior to compression and distribution. According to some embodiments, a technique can include accessing at least two images of a layered image: (i) a background image, and (ii) one or more layer images. Next, a flattened image is generated based on the at least two images. Next, respective one or more delta layer images are generated for the one or more layer images by: for at least one pixel of each layer image having (i) an alpha sub-pixel set to fully opaque, and (ii) a first color property equivalent to a second color property of a corresponding pixel within the flattened image: setting bits of the first color property of the pixel to the same value (e.g., zero (0) or one (1)). Finally, the one or more delta layer images are compressed and provided to a destination computing device.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for pre-processing an image for compression, e.g., one that includes a plurality of pixels, where each pixel is composed of sub-pixels that include at least an alpha sub-pixel. First, the alpha sub-pixels are separated into a first data stream. Next, invertible transformations are applied to the remaining sub-pixels to produce transformed sub-pixels. Next, for each row of the pixels: (i) identifying a predictive function that yields a smallest prediction differential total for the row, (ii) providing an identifier of the predictive function to a second data stream, and (iii) converting the transformed sub-pixels of the pixels in the row into prediction differentials based on the predictive function. Additionally, the prediction differentials for each of the pixels are encoded into first and second bytes that are provided to third and fourth data streams, respectively. In turn, the various data streams are compressed into a compressed image.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for pre-processing an image for compression, e.g., one that includes a plurality of pixels, where each pixel is composed of sub-pixels that include at least an alpha sub-pixel. First, the alpha sub-pixels are separated into a first data stream. Next, invertible transformations are applied to the remaining sub-pixels to produce transformed sub-pixels. Next, for each row of the pixels: (i) identifying a predictive function that yields a smallest prediction differential total for the row, (ii) providing an identifier of the predictive function to a second data stream, and (iii) converting the transformed sub-pixels of the pixels in the row into prediction differentials based on the predictive function. Additionally, the prediction differentials for each of the pixels are encoded into first and second bytes that are provided to third and fourth data streams, respectively. In turn, the various data streams are compressed into a compressed image.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques for performing lossless compression of single-channel images (e.g., grayscale images). A first technique involves pre-processing an isolated (i.e., one) single-channel image for compression. In particular, the first technique involves calculating predicted pixel intensity values (within the single-channel image) based on neighboring pixel intensity values (also within the single-channel image). Bit values of the error margins of the predicted pixel intensity values are separated into two different byte streams according to a particular ordering, whereupon the byte streams are separately compressed (e.g., using a Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW)-based compressor) and joined together to produce a compressed single-channel image. A second technique involves pre-processing a group of single-channel images into one single-channel image for compression.

Abstract: A system for defining and controlling data transmissions in a multiplexing system having a host controller in bi-directional communication with a plurality of remote stations or nodes. The system comprises a series of simple frame flags generally defined as varying periods of inactivity on the bi-directional transmission line. Only specified numbers of transmitted data digits constitute valid transmissions. An arrangement is provided which responds to the receipt of an incorrect number of received digits (an error condition) in a manner which is a function of the number of digits which are actually received.

Abstract: A system for defining and controlling data transmissions in a multiplexing system having a host controller in bi-directional communication with a plurality of remote stations or nodes. The system includes a series of simple frame flags generally defined as varying periods of inactivity on the bi-directional transmission line.

Abstract: A single coil magnetic latching relay drive circuit which utilizes AC power for energizing/deenergizing the relay. To energize the relay, a single full half cycle of the AC power at a first polarity is applied to the relay coil. To deenergize the relay, a portion of a half cycle of the AC power of the other polarity is applied to the relay coil, this portion being chosen so that the effective current at the other polarity is insufficient to reenergize the relay.

Abstract: A digital filter for removing short duration perturbations from a regular train of bilevel pulses on an input line (10) includes a clock (12) for providing a clock signal at a frequency which is an integral multiple of the pulse train frequency. This defines a plurality of subintervals within the interval defined by each of the pulses. The clock signal and the pulse train are applied to a shift register (16, 18) which is coupled to circuitry (24, 28) which examines the level of the signal on the input line (10) during two consecutive subintervals. This circuitry (24, 28) is coupled to output circuitry (32) for providing a clock-synchronized filtered pulse train on an output line (34) which has a data bit length equal to that of the signal on the input line (10) but is delayed by two of the subintervals defined by the clock (12).

Abstract: A pulse duration multiplexing communication system wherein the data pulse durations are defined as a function of the system clock tolerance. This results in no overlapping of data pulse durations for any local clock operating within the tolerance range.

Abstract: A data transmission system includes an oscillator which generates an ongoing sequence of clock signals, each of which defines a respective time period. Several interface circuits including first and second interface circuits are connected to the oscillator by a clock channel adapted to carry the clock signals from the oscillator to the interface circuits and a data channel adapted to carry data signals between the interface circuits. The first interface circuit places the first data signal on the data channel during the time period corresponding to a preselected one of the clock signals in each set, and the second interface circuit reads the first data signal from the data channel during this preselected time period. In this way, the first data signal is transmitted directly from the first to the second interface circuit via the data channel.

Abstract: A remote station for use in a data transmission system that includes a clock channel adapted to carry a periodic clock signal, a flag channel adapted to carry a flag signal, and a data channel adapted to carry a plurality of data signals between the remote station and at least one additional station is disclosed. The remote station includes a number of data terminals and circuitry for receiving the clock signal and the flag signal. The flag signal is stored in the remote station for only a selected interval comprising a selected number of periods of the clock signal. The remote station also includes circuitry for gating a number of data signals between the data channel and the data terminals during the selected period when the flag signal is stored in the remote station. At the termination of the selected interval, the flag signal is placed back on the flag channel.

Abstract: A time-slot addressed, system keyed multiplex device is taught. Briefly stated, a ribbon cable provides a power and ground lead and a clock and data signal lead. A microcomputer or master controller then communicates over the ribbon cable with a plurality of intelligent connectors. Each connector is provided with a unique address such that by counting the number of clock pulses provided by the master controller the logic packages in the intelligent connector recognizes the appropriate time-slot for a response or command signal. A single one-pulse command is then presented by the master controller on the data bus which is then received by the logic circuitry followed by a time period on the data bus when the logic package may send to the master controller a single bit of data. In this manner of command and response, various devices such as relays may be turned on or off with their conditions presented to the master controller.