Patents by Inventor Paul S. Cohen
Paul S. Cohen has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 8163297Abstract: The present invention relates to live attenuated bacteria for use in a medicament. The invention also relates to vaccines based upon such bacteria useful for the prevention of microbial pathogenesis and to the use of such bacteria for the manufacture of a vaccine. Finally, the invention relates to methods for the preparation of such vaccines.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2011Date of Patent: April 24, 2012Assignee: Board of Governors for Higher Education, State of Rhode Island and Providence PlantationsInventor: Paul S. Cohen
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Publication number: 20110195092Abstract: The present invention relates to live attenuated bacteria for use in a medicament. The invention also relates to vaccines based upon such bacteria useful for the prevention of microbial pathogenesis and to the use of such bacteria for the manufacture of a vaccine. Finally, the invention relates to methods for the preparation of such vaccines.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 25, 2011Publication date: August 11, 2011Inventor: Paul S. COHEN
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Publication number: 20100003284Abstract: A live attenuated bacterium of the genus Escherichia, Salmonella or Yersinia, said bacterium being incapable of expressing a functional Eda protein as a result of a mutation in the eda gene and a vaccine comprising the live attenuated bacterium.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 26, 2004Publication date: January 7, 2010Applicant: THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION, STATE OF PHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONSInventor: Paul S. Cohen
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Publication number: 20090263419Abstract: A live, attenuated bacterium of the genus Escherichia, Yersinia or Salmonella, that does not have a functional tRNA5leu, and vaccines comprising the live, attenuated bacterium.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 21, 2009Publication date: October 22, 2009Applicant: The Board of Governers for Higher Education, State of Rhode Island and Providence PlantationsInventor: Paul S. Cohen
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Patent number: 7149686Abstract: A system and method for eliminating synchronization errors using speech recognition. Using separate audio and visual speech recognition techniques, the inventive system and method identifies visemes, or visual cues which are indicative of articulatory type, in the video content, and identifies phones and their articulatory types in the audio content. Once the two recognition techniques have been applied, the outputs are compared to determine the relative alignment and, if not aligned, a synchronization algorithm is applied to time-adjust one or both of the audio and the visual streams in order to achieve synchronization.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2000Date of Patent: December 12, 2006Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Paul S. Cohen, John R. Dildine, Edward J. Gleason
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Patent number: 6999923Abstract: A system and method for detecting the presence of a particular source of audible content using an automatic speech recognizer component which is trained to recognize specific non-speech sounds. Training of the automatic speech recognizer component is accomplished by providing an appropriate model to be recognized and by tuning the automatic speech recognizer to the sounds created by the desired stimulus. The automatic speech recognizer can additionally be provided with processing means for distinguishing the desired stimulus from an irrelevant or unwanted stimulus which may have acoustic signatures with a high degree of similarity to that of the desired stimulus. The invention can be implemented in a portable detector to allow detection of a specific acoustic source at any location.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 2000Date of Patent: February 14, 2006Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: William J. Ablondi, Paul S. Cohen, Edward J. Gleason, Paul S. Roossin
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Patent number: 6764687Abstract: The present invention relates to live attenuated bacteria for use as a medicament. The invention also relates to vaccines based thereon that are useful for the prevention of microbial pathogenesis. Further, the invention relates to live attenuated recombinant bacteria carrying a heterologous gene and vaccines based thereon. Finally, the invention relates to methods for the preparation of such vaccines and bacteria.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1999Date of Patent: July 20, 2004Assignees: Akzo Nobel N.V., Board of Governors for Higher Education, State of Rhode IslandInventors: Paul S. Cohen, David C. Laux, Petrus J. M. Nuijten
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Patent number: 6571209Abstract: A method for designating a subvocabulary for speech recognition systems includes the steps of providing a vocabulary of words each having a flag with a first value, selecting words to be eliminated from the vocabulary, setting the flags of the selected words to a second value and processing speech based on words having the flag set to the first value. A program storage device readable by machine, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine to perform method steps for disabling and enabling of subvocabularies in speech recognition systems, the method steps include providing a vocabulary of words each having a flag with a first value, selecting words to be eliminated from the vocabulary, setting the flags of the selected words to a second value and processing speech based on words having the flag set to the first value.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1998Date of Patent: May 27, 2003Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Paul S. Cohen, Srinivasa P. Rao, Robert T. Ward
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Publication number: 20030039337Abstract: A method and system for participating in and controlling a non-real-time voice conference. By recording a first participant's voice for playback to a second participant that is not connected at the same time as the first participant, a new type of voice conference is created.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 16, 2001Publication date: February 27, 2003Inventors: Kenneth Davies, Paul S. Cohen
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Patent number: 6343270Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method for increasing both dialect precision and usability in speech recognition and text-to-speech systems is described. The invention generates non-linear (i.e. encoded)baseform representations for words and phrases from a pronunciation lexicon. The baseform representations are encoded to incorporate both pronunciation variations and dialectal variations. The encoded baseform representations may be later expanded (i.e. decoded) into one or more linear dialect specific baseform representations, utilizing a set of dialect specific phonological rules. The method comprises the steps of: constructing an encoded pronunciation lexicon having a plurality of encoded and unencoded baseforms; inputting one or more user specified dialects; selecting dialect specific phonological rules from a rule set database; and decoding the encoded pronunciation lexicon using the dialect specific phonological rules to yield a dialect specific decoded pronunciation lexicon.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1998Date of Patent: January 29, 2002Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Lalit R. Bahl, Paul S. Cohen
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Patent number: 6165997Abstract: A pharmaceutical formulation for stimulating growth of Gram-positive Bacilli and increasing the acidity in vagina comprises sucrose and/or maltose, optionally with other sugars, viscous base, and anti-fungal and/or anti-bacterial agents.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1998Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignee: Statens Serum InstitutInventors: Paul S. Cohen, Karen A. Krogfelt, David C. Laux, Maryjane Utley
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Patent number: 5802251Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for reducing perplexity in a speech recognition system within a telephonic network based upon determined caller identity. In a speech recognition system which processes input frames of speech against stored templates representing speech, a core library of speech templates is created and stored representing a basic vocabulary of speech. Multiple caller-specific libraries of speech templates are also created and stored, each library containing speech templates which represent a specialized vocabulary and pronunciations for a specific geographic location and a particular individual. Additionally, the caller-specific libraries of speech templates are preferably processed to reflect the reduced bandwidth, transmission channel variations and other signal variations introduced into the system via a telephonic network.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1995Date of Patent: September 1, 1998Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Paul S. Cohen, John M. Lucassen, Elton B. Sherwin, Jr., Jorge L. Vizcaino
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Patent number: 5524169Abstract: A method and system for reducing perplexity in a speech recognition system based upon determined geographic location. In a mobile speech recognition system which processes input frames of speech against stored templates representing speech, a core library of speech templates is created and stored representing a basic vocabulary of speech. Multiple location-specific libraries of speech templates are also created and stored, each library containing speech templates representing a specialized vocabulary for a specific geographic location. The geographic location of the mobile speech recognition system is then periodically determined utilizing a cellular telephone system, a geopositioning satellite system or other similar systems and a particular one of the location-specific libraries of speech templates is identified for the current location of the system.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1993Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: International Business Machines IncorporatedInventors: Paul S. Cohen, John M. Lucassen, Roger M. Miller, Elton B. Sherwin, Jr.
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Patent number: 4980918Abstract: A continuous speech recognition system having a speech processor and a word recognition computer subsystem, characterized by an element for developing a graph for confluent links between confluent nodes; an element for developing a graph of boundary links between adjacent words; an element for storing an inventory of confluent links and boundary links as a coding inventory; an element for converting an unknown utterance into an encoded sequence of confluent links and boundary links corresponding to recognition sequences stored in the word recognition subsystem recognition vocabulary for speech recognition. The invention also includes a method for achieving continouous speech recognition by characterizing speech as a sequence of confluent links which are matched with candidate words. The invention also applies to isolated word speech recognition as with continuous speech recognition, except that in such case there are no boundary links.Type: GrantFiled: May 9, 1985Date of Patent: December 25, 1990Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Lalit R. Bahl, Paul S. Cohen, Robert L. Mercer