Abstract: An apparatus and a process for cooling a feed injector of a gasification reactor that produces synthesis gas is described. Cooling fluid is injected into a channel in the feed injector adapted for circulating the fluid. The injection pressure is maintained near or above the gasification reactor pressure. The fluid is withdrawn from the channel through an outlet at an outlet pressure between about 515 KPa above to about 1030 KPa below the gasification reactor pressure. The fluid is cooled, degassed, and injected back into the channel in the feed injector. The pressure on the cooling system is variable and tracks the gasification reactor pressure.

Abstract: The system for controlling oxygen flow in a gasification process of the instant invention comprises a suction control valve located between the oxygen source and the oxygen compressor. The suction control valve is adapted in order to open to deliver oxygen from the source to the compressor through the first pipe and to move to a reduced flow position to prevent excess delivery of oxygen from the source to the compressor. The system also comprises a second pipe which operably connects the oxygen compressor to a port of a gasifier. The system comprises a normally closed vent valve located between the oxygen compressor and the port of a gasifier. The system comprises a means located in the gasifier or in the gasifier effluent for detecting when it is necessary to change the oxygen flow to the gasifier and to actuate the suction control valve sufficient to change the oxygen flow.

Abstract: The invention is a process of degassing and cooling a hot black water slurry. The hot black water slurry is obtained from syngas scrubbers. The black water slurry is cooled and degassed by exposing the black water slurry to a vacuum under conditions sufficient to separate dissolved gases from the black water slurry. These gases are then removed from the black water slurry. These gases can advantageously be recycled in the gasification process.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions for providing body, fullness and texture to otherwise fine or very fine keratinous fibers, particularly human hair. The compositions of the present invention have a high pH, e.g., about 8 to about 10 when the compositions contain cationic polymer, and a pH of about 8 to about 14, preferably about 8.5 to about 13, and more preferably, about 8.5 to about 10 when the compositions contain no cationic polymer. The compositions include one or more nonionic and/or cationic polymers, which, in combination with the high pH of the composition, lift the hair cuticle and allow the deposition of polymer, thus resulting in increased fullness and texture to the hair. The compositions of the present invention may be in the form of known hair care products such as, for example, shampoos, rinses and conditioners. In addition, the compositions can be formulated, for example, as lotions or creams, and the like, for consumer use.

Abstract: A scrubbing tower and high pressure settler assembly, and the process for using same to remove particulates from a hot partial oxidation gas stream is disclosed. The scrubbing tower and high pressure settler assembly has a dip tube, a bottom portion, a top portion, and a high pressure settler. The dip tube transports partial oxidation gas from an injection point on the exterior of the scrubbing tower into a volume of water contained in the bottom portion of the scrubbing tower. A blowdown port capable of removing particulate matter is connected to the bottom portion of the assembly. A series of trays is provided in the top portion of the scrubbing tower. The top portion of the scrubbing tower also has inlet ports for receiving water and an outlet port for releasing the scrubbed partial oxidation gas. The use of the high pressure settler facilitates higher particulate settling rates as well as higher scrubbing efficiencies.

Abstract: Methods for grinding hot coke including feeding the hot coke into a system while maintaining the system under less than atmospheric pressure, wetting the coke during the feeding step to assure constant flow of the coke into a grinding mill where the coke is reduced to a slurry and forwarded to a holding tank. Recovering and treating vapors derived from the grinding of the coke and finally feeding the slurry to a gasifier means.

Abstract: A highly efficient partial oxidation process with the production of power comprising the steps of producing fuel gas by the partial oxidation of hydrocarbonaceous fuel, cooling said fuel gas at high pressure by quenching in water to produce quenched fuel gas and by indirect heat exchange with BFW to maximize the production of IP and MP steam, cleaning said fuel gas, preheating scrubbing water comprising process condensate and make-up water by direct contact and direct heat exchange with clean fuel gas and using said preheated scrubbing water in the cleaning of said fuel gas, reducing the pressure of said cooled fuel gas stream prior to heating water for fuel gas saturation, cooling the process fuel gas stream in stages and condensing water for use as said scrubbing water, purifying the process fuel gas and saturating it with water, and burning said purified and saturated fuel gas in the combustor of a power-producing gas turbine along with saturated nitrogen to produce exhaust gas with a reduced NO.sub.x.

Abstract: A system for grinding hot coke includes feeding the hot coke into the system, while maintaining the system under less than atmospheric pressure, wetting the coke during this feeding step to assure constant flow of the coke into a grinding mill where the coke is reduced to a slurry and forwarded to a holding tank. The system includes apparatus to recover and treat vapors derived from the grinding of the coke and to feed the slurry to gasification means.

Abstract: Chlorine and sulfur-free fuel gas substantially comprising H.sub.2 +CO for use as fuel in a gas turbine for the production of mechanical and electrical power and environmentally-safe flue gas is produced by the partial oxidation of liquid hydrocarbonaceous or solid carbonaceous fuels having chlorine and sulfur-containing impurities, cooling and splitting the raw fuel gas into two streams A and B, separately cooling raw fuel gas stream A by indirect heat exchange with dry N.sub.2 gas while separately cooling the stream of raw fuel gas B by indirect heat exchange with the product stream of clean chlorine and sulfur-free fuel gas. HCl and particulate matter are then removed from raw fuel gas streams A and B; and, after combining raw fuel gas streams A and B together further cooling and removal of sulfur-containing gases takes place. By this process, attack on metal heat exchangers by the corrosive constituents in the raw fuel gas is prevented.

Abstract: The hair fixative composition contains from about 2 to about 10 weight %, based on the weight of the composition, of a water-dispersible amorphous thermoplastic hair fixative polyester whose polymer chain is represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein A is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid moiety, G is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol residue, on the average there being 5 to 8 sodiosulfo substituents per molecule. The fixative polyester is in colloidal suspension in the composition. The composition further contains from about 0.1 to about 3 weight %, based on the weight of the composition, of a copolymer containing dimethylpolysiloxane and organo-modified methylsiloxane moieties. Such amount is sufficient to cause the composition to spread out on a hair shaft when the composition is applied to same. The composition also contains from 0 to about 25 weight %, based on the weight of the composition, of a lower alcohol and sufficient water to bring the composition to 100 weight %.

Abstract: Hot raw fuel gas is produced by the partial oxidation of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuel or an aqueous slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel with substantially pure oxygen. The raw fuel gas is cleaned, cooled in a plurality of indirect heat exchangers, and purified to produce clean sulfur-free fuel gas. Water is the coolant in one of said indirect heat exchangers and is thereby heated. Dry nitrogen gas is humidified with the warm water and the humidified nitrogen gas is separately introduced into the combustor of a combustion turbine. The clean sulfur-free fuel gas is passed in indirect heat exchange with the raw fuel gas, expanded to reduce its temperature and pressure, and separately introduced into the combustor where it is burned with air while in the presence of the water humidified nitrogen gas. Flue gas containing water humidified nitrogen gas and a substantially reduced amount of NO.sub.x gases is produced and passed through a power-producing expansion turbine as the working fluid.

Abstract: A non-aerosol hair spray composition which provides superior hair styling properties while maintaining good hold or style retention contains about 5 to 10 percent of a lower alkyl ester of an alkyl vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymer, from 10 to 15 percent water, about 73 to 85 percent lower aliphatic alcohol, and up to about 2% of adjuvants.