Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatically building a native phonetic lexicon for a speech-based application trained to process a native (base) language, wherein the native phonetic lexicon includes native phonetic transcriptions (base forms) for non-native (foreign) words which are automatically derived from non-native phonetic transcriptions of the non-native words.

Abstract: A solar cell including a substrate; a first solar subcell composed of GeSiSn disposed over the substrate and having a first band gap; a second solar subcell composed of GaAs, InGaAsP, or InGaP and disposed over the first solar subcell having a second band gap greater than the first band gap and lattice matched to said first solar subcell; and a third solar subcell composed of GaInP and disposed over the second solar subcell having a third band gap greater than the second band gap and lattice matched with respect to the second subcell.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solar cell comprising providing a growth substrate; depositing on said growth substrate a sequence of layers of semiconductor material forming a solar cell, including at least one subcell composed of a group IV/III-V hybrid alloy such as GeSiSn; and removing the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solar cell by providing a germanium semiconductor growth substrate; and depositing on the semiconductor growth substrate a sequence of layers of semiconductor material forming a solar cell, including a subcell composed of a group IV/III-V hybrid alloy.

Abstract: A multijunction solar cell including an upper first solar subcell having a first band gap; a second solar subcell adjacent to the first solar subcell and having a second band gap smaller than the first band gap; a graded interlayer adjacent to the second solar subcell; the first graded interlayer having a third band gap greater than the second band gap; and a third solar subcell adjacent to the graded interlayer, the third subcell having a fourth band gap smaller than the second band gap such that the third subcell is lattice mismatched with respect to the second subcell. A lower fourth solar subcell is provided adjacent to the third subcell and lattice matched thereto, the lower fourth subcell having a fifth band gap smaller than the fourth band gap.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a multi-terminal semiconductor solar cell. The solar cell may be dual junction solar cells comprising single junctions independently interconnected by a middle lateral conduction layer (MLCL). The solar cells may include a GaAs subcell, a GaInP subcell, and a MLCL disposed therebetween. In addition, the solar cells may include a plurality of terminals. One terminal may be operatively connected to the GaAs subcell, a second terminal may be operatively connected to the GaInP subcell and a third terminal may be operatively connected to the MLCL.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatically building a native phonetic lexicon for a speech-based application trained to process a native (base) language, wherein the native phonetic lexicon includes native phonetic transcriptions (base forms) for non-native (foreign) words which are automatically derived from non-native phonetic transcriptions of the non-native words.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods of using electrophoresis separation matrices. The invention provides nano-particle comprising separation matrices having increased conductivity at low voltage.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatically building a native phonetic lexicon for a speech-based application trained to process a native (base) language, wherein the native phonetic lexicon includes native phonetic transcriptions (base forms) for non-native (foreign) words which are automatically derived from non-native phonetic transcriptions of the non-native words.

Abstract: A solar cell including a semiconductor body including at least one photoactive junction; and a diamond like carbon layer deposited over the top surface of the semiconductor body.

Abstract: A multijunction photovoltaic cell including a top subcell; a second subcell disposed immediately adjacent to the top subcell and producing a first photo-generated current; and including a sequence of first and second different semiconductor layers with different lattice constant; and a lower subcell disposed immediately adjacent to the second subcell and producing a second photo-generated current substantially equal in amount to the first photo-generated current density.

Abstract: There is provided a fitting for a child safety seat for use with a vehicle seat comprising a body; provided to said body, a first connector for connecting to an anchorage of a child safety seat; and provided to the body and spaced from the first connector, a second connector for connecting to an anchorage of a vehicle seat. There is also provided a child safety seat for use with a vehicle seat comprising a base arranged for secure fitting to said vehicle seat; a child seat arranged for secure placement of a child therein; and a mounting for mounting said child seat to said base, wherein said base is provided with an anchorage for connecting a connector of a fitting thereto. The child safety seat and fitting may comprise a kit of parts.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a film for attachment of one or more printhead integrated circuits to an ink supply manifold is provided. The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing an adhesive polymeric film having a protective liner; (b) depositing photoresist onto the protective liner; (c) photopatterning the photoresist to define a plurality of openings positioned for etching supply holes through the film; (d) etching the plurality of ink supply holes through the film, the photoresist acting as a mask for the etch; and (e) removing the protective liner having the photoresist deposited thereon.

Abstract: A solar cell including a semiconductor body with a multijunction solar cell and an integral bypass diode, and a pair of vias extending between the upper and lower surfaces, forming determined on the lower surface and electrically coupling the anode of the bypass diode with the conductive grid on the upper surface.

Abstract: A solar cell array including a first solar cell with an integral bypass diode and an adjacent second solar cell and two discrete metal interconnection members coupling the anode of the bypass diode of the first cell with the anode of the second solar cell.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure that includes a first semiconductor region forming a first surface of the semiconductor structure and having a first polarity and a second semiconductor region forming a second surface of the semiconductor structure and having a second polarity. The structure further includes at least one insulating via formed in the semiconductor structure from said first surface to said second surface, an electrical connection extending through said via and an insulated contact pad on the first surface of the semiconductor structure, said electrical connection extending from said second semiconductor region to said insulated contact pad so as to form a terminal of said second semiconductor region on the first surface.

Abstract: There is provided a child safety seat for use with a vehicle seat. The child safety seat comprises a cradle arranged for secure fitting to said vehicle seat, said cradle having a base part and an upright support part; a turntable, rotationally mounting to the base part of the cradle; and a seat shell, mounting on the turntable such that the turntable and the seat shell are rotatable in tandem relative to the cradle. The turntable also rotationally mounts to the upright support part of the cradle. There is also provided a cradle, turntable and seat shell for use in child safety seat as separate components, sub-assemblies or as a kit of parts. Seat belt tensioning means are also provided.

Abstract: A apparatus and method are provided which assist the use of electronic documents in both a word processor (17) and Braille environment (16). The apparatus and methods facilitate conversion of electronic documents between various formats for subsequent use on word processor equipment (15) and Braille equipment (10) as required. The translation utilizes a temporary file (90, 91) in an intermediary format which retains formatting information relating the manner in which the document should be rendered in each environment (16,17). The transfer of electronic documents is transparent to the user in a manner that it appears only one document is being worked with.

Abstract: A solar cell having a multijunction solar cell structure with a bypass diode is disclosed. The bypass diode provides a reverse bias protection for the multijunction solar cell structure. In one embodiment, the multijunction solar cell structure includes a substrate, a bottom cell, a middle cell, a top cell, a bypass diode, a lateral conduction layer, and a shunt. The lateral conduction layer is deposited over the top cell. The bypass diode is deposited over the lateral conduction layer. One side of the shunt is connected to the substrate and another side of the shunt is connected to the lateral conduction layer. In another embodiment, the bypass diode contains an i-layer to enhance the diode performance.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, an indium gallium phosphide (InGaP) nucleation layer is disposed between the germanium (Ge) substrate and the overlying dual-junction epilayers for controlling the diffusion depth of the n-doping in the germanium junction. Specifically, by acting as a diffusion barrier to arsenic (As) contained in the overlying epilayers and as a source of n-type dopant for forming the germanium junction, the nucleation layer enables the growth time and temperature in the epilayer device process to be minimized without compromising the integrity of the dual-junction epilayer structure. This in turn allows the arsenic diffusion into the germanium substrate to be optimally controlled by varying the thickness of the nucleation layer. An active germanium junction formed in accordance with the present invention has a typical diffused junction depth that is ? to ½ of that achievable in prior art devices.