Abstract: Disclosed is a medical probe comprising an elongated shaft extending along a longitudinal axis and a distal electrode disposed at a distal end of the elongated shaft, the distal electrode configured to deliver ablative energy to tissue. The medical probe includes an outer sleeve disposed at least partially around the elongated shaft and a plurality of planar members attached to the outer sleeve and extending radially outward from the longitudinal axis. Each planar member of the plurality of planar members comprises a framework coupled to an outer surface member and an inner surface member opposite the outer surface member. Each of the inner and outer surface members includes a plurality of electrodes diametrically disposed on the inner surface member and outer surface member and the outer sleeve is configured to move axially along the elongated shaft to move the plurality of planar members axially with respect to the distal electrode.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes a distal tip of a medical probe. The distal tip includes spines extending radially outward from a longitudinal axis of the end effector in an expanded configuration, a membrane connected to the spines, a first flexible circuit disposed on a first surface of the membrane proximate each of the plurality of spines, a second flexible circuit disposed on a second surface of the membrane proximate each of the plurality of spines, a plurality of first pairs of electrodes disposed on the first flexible circuit proximal to one another and a spine of the plurality of spines, and a plurality of second pairs of electrodes disposed on the second flexible circuit proximal to one another and a spine of the plurality of spines such that the first and second pairs of electrodes define a mirror image configuration.

Abstract: A catheter is presented having a planar end effector with elongated ablation electrodes configured to provide electrical signals to achieve IRE in target tissue. The planar end effector can be aligned along a longitudinal axis of a shaft of the catheter and configured to flex away from the longitudinal axis when making contact with tissue. Bipolar electrical signals can be applied between the elongated ablation electrodes in various pair combinations to achieve PFA. The end effector may also include diagnostic electrodes configured to receive electrical signals from tissue to map tissue, pairs of tissue contact electrodes to determine which portions of the end effector are in contact with tissue, or reference electrodes configured to measure blood voltage.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes an end effector of a medical probe. The end effector includes spines and a membrane. The spines are coupled to a distal portion of a tubular member, with each spine including a proximal spine end coupled to the distal portion of the tubular member and a free distal end. The membrane and spines are fixed relative to each other to define a single member. The membrane defines a plurality of leaves, each of which, in an expanded configuration, extending curvilinearly outward and being separated from adjacent free distal ends of adjacent leaves of the plurality of leaves. Each leaf includes flexible circuits including electrodes.

Abstract: A sensor unit for a medical probe having coils that each have a respective central axis that is orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the medical probe such that the coils are disposed one or more substrates. A first coil can have conductive surfaces exposed to an external environment while a second coil has its conductive surfaces insulated or sealed from the external environment. The coils can be configured to output 1) physiologic electrical signals (e.g., ECG) received at the at least two exposed windings, and 2) signals indicative of environmental impedance/conductance in the vicinity of the at least two exposed windings. The coils can further be configured to determine a position of the sensor based on magnetic field, determine a curvature of the sensor, directionally measure environmental impedance/conductance, and/or measure temperature.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes a medical probe comprising a tubular shaft having a proximal end and a distal end, the tubular shaft extending along a longitudinal axis. The medical probe further comprises an expandable basket assembly coupled to the distal end of the tubular shaft. The basket assembly includes a plurality of electrodes with each electrode of the plurality of electrodes having a lumen therethrough. The basket assembly further includes a plurality of spines extending along the longitudinal axis and configured to bow radially outward from the longitudinal axis when the expandable basket assembly is transitioned from a collapsed form to an expanded form. Each spine includes a proximal and a distal end and a strut passing through the lumen of an electrode. The strut includes a mechanical retainer disposed on the strut to prevent the electrode from sliding proximally or distally along a length of the spine.

Abstract: A guiding sheath has a hemostatic valve and a central lumen into which a diagnostic or treatment catheter can be introduced and guided into a patient. The hemostatic valve also includes an electrically conducting element or proximity sensing element on its proximal end that interacts with a second electrically conducting element or proximity sensing element on a proximal end of the diagnostic or treatment catheter that can be passed through the central lumen of the guiding sheath and into the patient's heart. The interaction between the two electrically conducting elements or proximity sensing elements enables the location of the distal end of the diagnostic or treatment catheter in the patient's heart without the need for irradiating the patient.

Abstract: A sensor unit for a medical probe having coils that each have a respective central axis that is orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the medical probe such that the coils are disposed one or more substrates. A first coil can have conductive surfaces exposed to an external environment while a second coil has its conductive surfaces insulated or sealed from the external environment. The coils can be configured to output 1) physiologic electrical signals (e.g., ECG) received at the at least two exposed windings, and 2) signals indicative of environmental impedance/conductance in the vicinity of the at least two exposed windings. The coils can further be configured to determine a position of the sensor based on magnetic field, determine a curvature of the sensor, directionally measure environmental impedance/conductance, and/or measure temperature.

Abstract: A guiding sheath has a hemostatic valve and a central lumen into which a diagnostic or treatment catheter can be introduced and guided into a patient. The hemostatic valve also includes an electrically conducting element or proximity sensing element on its proximal end that interacts with a second electrically conducting element or proximity sensing element on a proximal end of the diagnostic or treatment catheter that can be passed through the central lumen of the guiding sheath and into the patient's heart. The interaction between the two electrically conducting elements or proximity sensing elements enables the location of the distal end of the diagnostic or treatment catheter in the patient's heart without the need for irradiating the patient.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes a medical probe. The medical probe includes an elongated body, a flexible circuit and one or more electrodes. The elongated body extends along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end, defines a lumen, and includes a tube and outer wall jacket. The tube extends along the longitudinal axis and includes slits that permit the elongated body to deflect relative to the longitudinal axis. The outer wall jacket surrounds the tube. The flexible circuit is disposed on the outer wall jacket. The one or more electrodes are disposed on the flexible circuit and are designed to be placed in contact with tissue of an organ.

Abstract: A medical probe can comprise a tube comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the tube extending along a longitudinal axis. The medical probe can further comprise a plurality of spines disposed at the distal end of the tube, each spine of the plurality of spines comprising a first end that is fixed in relation to the tube and a second end that is unattached in relation to the tube. Each spine of the plurality of spines can be configured to transition between a collapsed configuration and an expanded configuration, the plurality of spines forming a basket when in the expanded configuration. The medical probe can further comprise a plurality of electrodes attached to the plurality of spines.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes medical probe that includes an elongated shaft, a guidewire, coils, and electrodes. The elongated shaft extends along a longitudinal axis and is dimensioned to be inserted into a vein of Marshall. The guidewire extends through a lumen in the elongated shaft. The coils are connected to the distal dip of the elongated shaft and each coil is configured to generate a current when subjected to a magnetic field, the current being indicative of a position of the respective coil. The electrodes are connected to the distal tip. Each electrode is designed to (i) sense anatomical signals in the vein of Marshall and provide electrical signals which are indicative of the anatomical signals or (ii) convey ablation energy to a target tissue region proximal the vein of Marshall.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes electrode attachments for a medical probe, including an electrode body configured to deliver electrical energy to biological tissues. Elongated member(s) of the medical probe can include one or more apertures, and the electrode(s) can include one or more electrode apertures to align with the apertures of the elongated member. A pin is placed into the aligned apertures to secure the electrode to the elongated member.

Abstract: A catheter includes a catheter body and a distal tip section that includes an elongated member that extends along a longitudinal axis. An anchor mechanism can be disposed along an outer surface of the elongated member and/or within the elongated member in a first configuration. In a second configuration, the anchor mechanism can be configured to extend radially outward with respect to the longitudinal axis to surround at least a portion of the distal tip section.

Abstract: A basket catheter having an end effector with multiple spines can be constructed with a combination of manufacturing techniques including at least two of the following techniques: individual spines, a loop with two spines, a cut sheet, and a cut tube. A cut sheet or a cut tube can be formed to include a distal hub that has openings through which spines of one or more additional structure can pass through so that the distal hub joins distinct structures of the end effector. This provides several alternative manufacturing techniques compared to those presently used in basket catheters which rely on only one of the aforementioned manufacturing techniques.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes a medical end effector comprising one or more spines extending along a longitudinal axis. The spines further comprising a first surface being outward from the longitudinal axis; one or more contact pads affixed to a portion of the first surface of the spine; and one or more flexible circuits disposed over respective ones of the one or more contact pads, the one or more flexible circuits each comprising an electrode and an inductive coil as one unit.

Abstract: A sensor unit for a medical probe having coils that each have a respective central axis that is orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the medical probe such that the coils are disposed one or more substrates. A first coil can have conductive surfaces exposed to an external environment while a second coil has its conductive surfaces insulated or sealed from the external environment. The coils can be configured to output 1) physiologic electrical signals (e.g., ECG) received at the at least two exposed windings, and 2) signals indicative of environmental impedance/conductance in the vicinity of the at least two exposed windings. The coils can further be configured to determine a position of the sensor based on magnetic field, determine a curvature of the sensor, directionally measure environmental impedance/conductance, and/or measure temperature.

Abstract: Examples presented herein illustrate various end effector designs with multiple spines that can expand from a collapsed configuration as the end effector traverses vasculature to an expanded configuration when the end effector is at a treatment site. In some examples, the end effector includes three frame loops which each include a pair of spines. At least one of the three frame-loops can have a bend at a distal end of the end effector so that the spines of the frame loop are not directly opposite each other with respect to the longitudinal axis. In some examples, the end effector includes an inner and an outer frame, each having multiple spines and configured such that one or both of the frames can rotate from an aligned configuration to an unaligned configuration.

Abstract: A sensor for a medical probe having one or more coils with at least two exposed winding portions. The one or more coils can be configured to output 1) electrocardiogram (ECG) signals received at the at least two exposed windings, and 2) signals indicative of environmental impedance/conductance in the vicinity of the at least two exposed windings. The one or more coils can further be configured to determine a position of the sensor based on magnetic field, determine a curvature of the sensor, directionally measure environmental impedance/conductance, and/or measure temperature. Insulated portions of the one or more coils can be interleaved with the at least two exposed winding portions. The sensor can be integral to a catheter or guide wire.