Abstract: A method for converting a signal, including the steps of: providing a first representation of the signal in a first domain; converting the first representation of the signal into a second representation of the signal in a second domain, by applying a transform involving a Haar transform and a Hadamard transform, such that a basis of the second domain is maximally incoherent to a Haar basis. The signal is converted to a domain whose basis is maximally incoherent to a Haar basis. Yet, it is not required to convert the input vector representing the signal to a Haar basis first. This allows reducing the number of steps which increases conversion efficiency. Accordingly, obtaining the structure of the signal requires fewer samples.

Abstract: A method for determining a representation (y) of a signal (s) comprise selecting a predetermined number (m) of row vectors (v1, . . . , vm) from a predetermined measurement matrix (M). The predetermined measurement matrix (M) is predetermined dependent on a product of a predetermined Hadamard matrix or generalized Hadamard matrix (H) and a predetermined representation matrix(B). The predetermined representation matrix (B) represents a predetermined basis for the signal(s). The method further comprises determining a respective inner product of the signal (s) and each of the predetermined number (m) of selected row vectors (v1, . . . , vm) resulting in a predetermined number (m) of measurements (y1, . . . , ym) forming the representation (y) of the signal (s).

Abstract: Apparatus and method for scheduling event streams. The apparatus includes (i) an interface for receiving event streams which are placed in queues and (ii) a scheduler which selects at least one event stream for dispatch depending on sketched content information data of the received event streams. The scheduler includes a sketching engine for sketching the received event streams to determine content information data and a selection engine for selecting at least one received event stream for dispatch depending on the determined content information data of the received event streams. The method includes the steps of (i) determining content information data about the content of event streams and (ii) selecting at least one event stream from the event streams for dispatch depending on the content information data. A computer program, when run by a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the above method.

Abstract: A method and system for computing Fourier coefficients for a Fourier representation of a mask transmission function for a lithography mask. The method includes: sampling a polygon of a mask pattern of the lithography mask to obtain an indicator function which defines the polygon, performing a Fourier Transform on the indicator function to obtain preliminary Fourier coefficients, and scaling the Fourier coefficients for the Fourier representation of the mask transmission function, where at least one of the steps is carried out using a computer device.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for updating a hash tree in a protected environment. An integrity protection controller is provided for observing one or more system parameters of a storage system and one or more hash tree parameters of the hash trees, and for updating a hash tree in dependence on the storage system parameter and the hash tree parameter.

Abstract: A system and method for restricting the number of layout patterns by pattern identification, matching and classification, includes decomposing the pattern windows into a low frequency component and a high frequency component using a wavelet analysis for an integrated circuit layout having a plurality of pattern windows. Using the low frequency component as an approximation, a plurality of moments is computed for each pattern window. The pattern windows are classified using a distance computation for respective moments of the pattern windows by comparing the distance computation to an error value to determine similarities between the pattern windows.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for scheduling event streams. The apparatus includes (i) an interface for receiving event streams which are placed in queues and (ii) a scheduler which selects at least one event stream for dispatch depending on sketched content information data of the received event streams. The scheduler includes a sketching engine for sketching the received event streams to determine content information data and a selection engine for selecting at least one received event stream for dispatch depending on the determined content information data of the received event streams. The method includes the steps of (i) determining content information data about the content of event streams and (ii) selecting at least one event stream from the event streams for dispatch depending on the content information data. A computer program, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the above method.

Abstract: A method and system for computing Fourier coefficients for a Fourier representation of a mask transmission function for a lithography mask. The method includes: sampling a polygon of a mask pattern of the lithography mask to obtain an indicator function which defines the polygon, performing a Fourier Transform on the indicator function to obtain preliminary Fourier coefficients, and scaling the Fourier coefficients for the Fourier representation of the mask transmission function, where at least one of the steps is carried out using a computer device.

Abstract: There are introduced ways for retrieving or depositing a replica of an electronic document in a computer network. After having selected at least one replica number, a given function is applied. The function requires as input the replica number and a document identifier. The function returns as a result at least one entity identifier, each entity identifier representing an entity in the network that might provide the replica. In a next step, a document related request is addressed to at least one of the identified entities.

Abstract: Printability of a very-large-scale integration design is assessed by: during a training phase, generating a training set of very-large-scale integration design shapes representative of a population of very-large-scale integration design shapes, obtaining a set of mathematical representations of respective shapes in the training set, identifying at least two classes of physical events causally linked to the printability for the very-large-scale integration design shapes, each of the classes being associated to a respective level of printability, labeling each mathematical representation of the set according to one of the identified classes, based on a lithography model, and selecting a probabilistic model function maximizing a probability of a class, given the set of mathematical representations; and during a testing phase, providing a very-large-scale integration design shape to be tested, testing the provided very-large-scale integration design shape, and labeling the provided very-large-scale integration de

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for time-series with compression accuracy as a function of time. Briefly described, in architecture, one embodiment of the system, among others, can be implemented as follows. The system includes a computer with a processor. The system performs a method receiving a data set on the computer, utilizing a plurality of filter banks to transform the data set into a plurality coefficients, wherein each coefficient is associated with a basis function, and quantizing the plurality of coefficients, wherein the quantization maps the plurality of coefficients into certain value ranges. Then, system further performs determining a threshold based upon each coefficient effect on a time domain, disregarding the coefficient that fall below the threshold, and storing any remaining coefficients as compressed data for the data set.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for gathering information from processors by using compressive sampling are presented. The invention can monitor multicore processor performance and schedule processor tasks to optimize processor performance. Using compressive sampling minimizes processor-memory bus usage by the performance monitoring function. An embodiment of the invention is a method of gathering information from a processor, the method comprising compressive sampling of information from at least one processor core. The compressive sampling produces compressed information. The processor comprises the at least one processor core, and the at least one processor core is operative to process data.

Abstract: Printability of a very-large-scale integration design is assessed by: during a training phase, generating a training set of very-large-scale integration design shapes representative of a population of very-large-scale integration design shapes, obtaining a set of mathematical representations of respective shapes in the training set, identifying at least two classes of physical events causally linked to the printability for the very-large-scale integration design shapes, each of the classes being associated to a respective level of printability, labeling each mathematical representation of the set according to one of the identified classes, based on a lithography model, and selecting a probabilistic model function maximizing a probability of a class, given the set of mathematical representations; and during a testing phase, providing a very-large-scale integration design shape to be tested, testing the provided very-large-scale integration design shape, and labeling the provided very-large-scale integration de

Abstract: A method for determining a representation (y) of a signal (s) comprise selecting a predetermined number (m) of row vectors (v1, . . . , vm) from a predetermined measurement matrix (M). The predetermined measurement matrix (M) is predetermined dependent on a product of a predetermined Hadamard matrix or generalized Hadamard matrix (H) and a predetermined representation matrix(B). The predetermined representation matrix (B) represents a predetermined basis for the signal(s). The method further comprises determining a respective inner product of the signal (s) and each of the predetermined number (m) of selected row vectors (v1, . . . , vm) resulting in a predetermined number (m) of measurements (y1, . . . , ym) forming the representation (y) of the signal (s).

Abstract: A method and system for computing Fourier coefficients for a Fourier representation of a mask transmission function for a lithography mask. The method includes: sampling a polygon of a mask pattern of the lithography mask to obtain an indicator function which defines the polygon, performing a Fourier Transform on the indicator function to obtain preliminary Fourier coefficients, and scaling the Fourier coefficients for the Fourier representation of the mask transmission function, where at least one of the steps is carried out using a computer device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for converting a signal, including the steps of: providing a first representation of the signal in a first domain; converting the first representation of the signal into a second representation of the signal in a second domain, by applying a transform involving a Haar transform and a Hadamard transform, such that a basis of the second domain is maximally incoherent to a Haar basis. The signal is converted to a domain whose basis is maximally incoherent to a Haar basis. Yet, it is not required to convert the input vector representing the signal to a Haar basis first. This allows reducing the number of steps which increases conversion efficiency. Accordingly, obtaining the structure of the signal requires fewer samples.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products for detecting flow-level network traffic anomalies via abstraction levels. An exemplary embodiment includes a method for detecting flow-level network traffic anomalies in a computer network, the method including obtaining current distributions of flow level traffic features within the computer network, computing distances of the current distributions' components from a distributions model, comparing the distances of the current distributions to distance baselines from the distributions model, determining if the distances are above a pre-determined thresholds and in response to one or more of the distances being above the pre-determined thresholds in one or more distributions, identifying the current condition to be abnormal and providing indications to its nature.

Abstract: For determining a malicious workload pattern, the following steps are conducted. A training set of workload patterns is collected during a predetermined workload situation. A subset of the training set is being determined as an archetype set, the archetype set being considered to be representative of the predetermined workload situation. A threshold value dependent on the training set and the archetype set, and an evaluation value dependent on a given workload pattern and the archetype set are calculated. The given workload pattern is determined to be malicious if the evaluation value fulfils a given condition with respect to the threshold value.

Abstract: A method for probabilistic lossy counting includes: for each element in a current window, determining whether an entry corresponding to a current element is present in a table; in the event an entry corresponding to the current element is present in the table, incrementing a frequency counter associated with the current element; otherwise, inserting an entry into a table, wherein inserting an entry comprises: calculating a probabilistic error bound ? based on an index i of the current window; and inserting the probabilistic error bound ? and a frequency counter into an entry corresponding to the current element in the table; and at the end of the current window, removing all elements from the table wherein the sum of the frequency counter and probabilistic error bound ? associated with the element is less than or equal to the index of the current window.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, apparatus and systems for detecting distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks within the Internet by sampling packets at a point or points in Internet backbone connections to determine a packet metric parameter. The packet metric parameter which might comprise the volume of packets received is analyzed over selected time intervals with respect to specified geographical locations in which the hosts transmitting the packets are located. The expected behavior can be employed to identify traffic distortions revealing a DDoS attack. In a complementary aspect, the invention provides a method of authenticating packets at routers in order to elevate the QoS of authenticated packets. This method can be used to block or filter packets and can be used in conjunction with the DDoS attack detection system to defend against DDoS attacks within the Internet in a distributed manner.