Abstract: With a process and an apparatus for cold-start control in an electronic internal combustion engine system, the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine are supplied, during starting, with the increased fuel feed. The fuel feed per an ignition interval (TD.sub.n) is effected by a plurality of short cold-start injection pulses generated at increased frequency at linear time intervals with respect to one another in respective ignition intervals. This frequency control replaces the normal formation of fuel injection pulses corresponding to half-periods of crankshaft rotation, during starting, and is cancelled upon commencement of preset fuel reduction thresholds. Owing to the fuel atomisation attained, there results a spontaneously ignitable mixture, so that a cold start is still possible even at extremely cold temperatures.

Abstract: A voltammetric cell, particularly for the determination of trace elements in a liquid, such as water, comprises a cover in which the measuring electrode and a reference electrode are mounted and which sealingly engages the cell vessel so that the contents of the latter will be sealed from contamination by the environment during the measuring process. The exchangeable measuring electrode has an analysis cup or crucible within the vessel into which the electrode can be inserted the bottom of the vessel having a configuration complementary to the external configuration of the replaceable crucible or cup. The cup may have a downwardly tapering frustoconical configuration and the base of the vessel can have a corresponding downwardly tapering recess accommodating at least the bottom of the cup.

Abstract: A voltammetric cell, particularly for the determination of trace elements in a liquid, such as water, comprises a cover in which the measuring electrode and a reference electrode are mounted and which sealingly engages the cell vessel so that the contents of the latter will be sealed from contamination by the environment during the measuring process. The exchangeable meauring electrode has an analysis cup or crucible within the vessel into which the electrode can be inserted, the bottom of the vessel having a configuration complementary to the external configuration of the replaceable crucible or cup. The cup may have a downwardly tapering frustoconical configuration and the base of the vessel can have a corresponding downwardly tapering recess accommodating at least the bottom of the cup.