Abstract: The invention relates to a metallurgical vessel, in particular a transport ladle or a treating ladle, for the production of steel with a bottom (2b) having a refractory lining (3) with a basic working layer (5). In order to create a durable lining it is provided that the working layer (5) consists at least in part of dry basic bulk material, the upper side of which is covered, before the vessel (1) is heated for the first time, by a chemically hardened protective layer (6) and which, after the vessel (1) has been filled, is partly present as a monolithic layer or the upper side of the working layer (5) is covered, before the vessel (1) is charged for the first time, by a monolithically fritted basic layer formed by heating the bulk material. The invention furthermore relates to a method of making the refractory linings of such vessels.

Abstract: Electric arc oven for melting scrap iron of the type comprising a vat lined with an inner coating made of refractory material which is called the sole of the oven, lateral walls, a vault capping the upper opening of the vat, openings provided in the vault through which the electrodes extend, and a tapping nozzle or eccentric tapping hole. In this oven, the sole is provided with at least one device for injecting gas to stir the molten metal. The injection device includes a low injector formed of a compact block made of dense non-porous refractory material through which extend one or a plurality of, preferably less than 50, hollow metallic tubes or slits or channels along its entire height in the direction of gaseous blowing and permitting gas to pass therethrough.

Abstract: A taphole apparatus for a steel-making converter, which is comprised of a series of refractory blocks each defining a bore and the bores being aligned to define respective and successive sections of the taphole, the bore of a first one of the refractory blocks at a hot inlet end of the taphole being funnel-shaped and the bore of a last one of the refractory blocks at a cold outlet end of the tap hole having a smaller diameter than the funnel-shaped bore at the hot inlet end.