Abstract: The invention deals with a new method for preparing a quantum transistor and a modified quantum transistor, which is an electronic device in the field of microelectronics formed by (or containing) one-dimensional or two-dimensional structures that have quantum conductance and capacitance, correlated by quantum entanglement; wherein the obtained quantum transistor works in A.C. (alternating current) mode or through transient disturbances. Thus, it becomes possible to provide all the applications already available in classical transistors that operate in D.C. (direct current) mode, but with additional advantages that include greater sensitivities and better electronic and information transport performance over long distances in the device, intrinsic properties of quantum phenomena and new transistor architectures that were previously not possible to be realized in D.C. mode, as is the case with classical transistors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an energy storage device, characterized as a molecular capacitor, and called hyper capacitor due its high energy density. It contains at least one modified electrode, formed by a composite material that mix at the mesoscopic nanoscale an electric conductive material with a molecular thin film, auto assembled or chemically or physically coupled, composed of active redox molecules in which the shielding of the electric field is of a mechanical quantum nature. The device has volumetric energy density above 35 Wh L?1 and gravity energy density above 140 Wh kg?1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the electrochemical detection of an analyte by capacitance spectroscopy using a redox active polymer-coated electrode such as a polyaniline-coated electrode.

Abstract: The present application relates to an electrode suitable for use in electrochemical sensing of a target species. The electrode comprises a peptide monolayer of defined length and to one end of which are attached both a redox active species and a receptor that is capable of binding to the target species. Also provided is an electrochemical method of sensing a target species, which involves the use of the electrode.

Abstract: The application relates to an electrode for use in the electrochemical detection of a target species, wherein the electrode has a planar surface disposed on which are probe molecules that are capable of binding selectively to the target species, wherein the electrode, prior to binding of the probe molecules with the target species, has an electron transfer resistance per area of the electrode of from 10 megaohms cm?2 to 95 megaohms cm?2.

Abstract: Capacitance spectroscopic method and electrode The application relates to methods and electrodes for electrochemical detection of target species by capacitance spectroscopy. The method is simple, frequency optimised and extremely sensitive to low concentrations of target species. The electrodes of the invention can easily be reused and are ideally suited for use in point-of-care diagnostics.

Abstract: Electrochemical detection method and related aspects Herein is disclosed an electrochemical test method comprising (i) comparing how a plurality of immittance functions and/or components thereof vary with a change in a parameter of interest for a first system, and then selecting an immittance function or component thereof for use in an electrochemical test; (ii) carrying out an electrochemical test step for a second system to determine at least one value for the immittance function or component thereof selected in step (i), and then, by using a quantitative relationship between the selected immittance function and the parameter of interest, determining a value in the parameter of interest. A computer program and apparatus are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present application relates to a sensing method that is carried out using an electrode that comprises an electrode substrate functionalized with sensing elements. The method involves conducting electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at a plurality of applied voltages and then integrating measurement data as a function of voltage. Also provided is an apparatus for carrying out the sensing method. The method and apparatus are suitable for a broad range of sensing applications, including the detection of diagnostic biomarkers, drug screening, development of glycoarray systems and the sensing of environmental parameters such as light intensity, temperature and humidity.

Abstract: The application relates to an electrode for use in the electrochemical detection of a target species, wherein the electrode has a planar surface disposed on which are probe molecules that are capable of binding selectively to the target species, wherein the electrode, prior to binding of the probe molecules with the target species, has an electron transfer resistance per area of the electrode of from 10 megaohms cm?2 to 95 megaohms cm?2.

Abstract: The present application relates to a sensing method that is carried out using an electrode that comprises an electrode substrate functionalised with sensing elements. The method involves conducting electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at a plurality of applied voltages and then integrating measurement data as a function of voltage. Also provided is an apparatus for carrying out the sensing method. The method and apparatus are suitable for a broad range of sensing applications, including the detection of diagnostic biomarkers, drug screening, development of glycoarray systems and the sensing of environmental parameters such as light intensity, temperature and humidity.

Abstract: The application relates to an electrode for use in the electrochemical detection of a target species, wherein the electrode has a planar surface disposed on which are probe molecules that are capable of binding selectively to the target species, wherein the electrode, prior to binding of the probe molecules with the target species, has an electron transfer resistance per area of the electrode of from 10 megaohms cm?2 to 95 megaohms cm?2.

Abstract: The application relates to methods and electrodes for electrochemical detection of target species by capacitance spectroscopy. The method is simple, frequency optimised and extremely sensitive to low concentrations of target species. The electrodes of the invention can easily be reused and are ideally suited for use in point-of-care diagnostics.

Abstract: The application relates to an electrode for use in the electrochemical detection of a target species, wherein the electrode has a planar surface disposed on which are probe molecules that are capable of binding selectively to the target species, wherein the electrode, prior to binding of the probe molecules with the target species, has an electron transfer resistance per area of the electrode of from 10 megaohms cm?2 to 95 megaohms cm?2.

Abstract: Electrochemical detection method and related aspects Herein is disclosed an electrochemical test method comprising (i) comparing how a plurality of immittance functions and/or components thereof vary with a change in a parameter of interest for a first system, and then selecting an immittance function or component thereof for use in an electrochemical test; (ii) carryingout an electrochemical test step for a second system to determine at least one value for the immittance function or component thereof selected in step (i), and then, by using a quantitative relationship between the selected immittance function and the parameter of interest, determining a value in the parameter of interest. A computer program and apparatus are also disclosed herein.