Abstract: The invention belongs to polarizing devices and can be used in lighting equipment, manufacturing construction-material glasses, and in displays. The proposed dichroic polarizer includes a substrate and at least one layer dichroically absorbing electromagnetic radiation, into which two reflecting coatings are introduced, at least one of which is made partially transmitting. The layer dichroically absorbing electromagnetic radiation is located between the reflecting coatings. The materials and thicknesses of layers of both the dichroically absorbing electromagnetic radiation and the reflecting coatings are selected from the requirements to obtain, at the exit of the dichroic polarizer, an interference minimum for the absorbing component of electromagnetic radiation for, at least, one wavelength value.

Abstract: An x-ray radiation source in which a focused electron beam impinges upon a target positioned in front of the focal point of the electron beam and the radiation emitted by the target travels through the aperture of an aperture diaphragm with the aperture disposed at the focal point of the electron beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to the mammography devices based on registration of a reduced-angle coherently scattered radiation when an object is rayed by a penetrating radiation. Registration of the radiation coherently scattered by an object allows to produce an image of an object in the form of distribution of its structural characteristics. The device comprises a system for forming a directed on a tested object, narrow small-divergence beams, or a beam, having the same characteristics, and a system for extracting the radiation that is coherently scattered in small angles by an object. The invention proposes versions of a device that also provide for registration of the radiation passed through an object to make allowance for its thickness so that to obviate the necessity to compress the breast. The device allows to carry out relative movements of an object and system of irradiation-registration, as well as irradiate an object at different angles and by a number of radiation sources simultaneously.