Abstract: The most frequent cause of melanoma is Ultraviolet Radiation, which produces defects in DNA namely dimerisation of nucleotids in the same chain. There are in nature cases of particular resistance to UV radiation, namely the fungus Schizosaccharomyces Pombe, and resistance to oxidativ stress and gama radiation, namely the bacteria Deinococcus Radiodurans . S. Pombe has a gene UVDE producing the protein UVDE—Ultra violet endonuclease, which is very interesting to avoid UV damage as occurring in melanoma. Deinococcus Radiodurans produces the enzyme SOD2, a superoxide dismutase containing manganese 2+, which is a protein healing the errors caused by ROS—reactive oxygen species, which causes several oncological diseases and causes ageing.

Abstract: Several glucoproteins were isolated from the water extract of mushroom Trametes Versicolor using Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography Gel Filtration. The immunological efficacy of these glucoproteins were tested in comparison with the extract of the mushroom. We found that the molecule with largest activity against cancer cells was identified by MALDI-TOF and named TVGP1 (Trametes Versicolor Glucoprotein 1). We claim the molecule TVGP 1 as an important active substance to strengthen the immunological system of humans and animals namely against cancer, some virus and bacteria.

Abstract: A new battery is claimed where in the loaded state one electrode is aluminium metal and the second electrode is a supercapacitor with a double layer of aluminium ions with 3 positive charges separated by a dielectric layer from iodine ion with one negative charge. In the unloaded state the new battery has one electrode made of aluminium metal and a second electrode is the supercapacitor consisting in neutral iodine contained in a dielectric layer. In this way the new battery presents an enthalpy difference between the aluminium ions and the aluminium metal which is the ionization energy of 5139 kJ/mole, corresponding to 53.27 Volt. Earlier batteries present an enthalpy difference between aluminium metal and aluminium chloride of 704.2 kJ/mole (Gibbs Energy 628.8 kJ/mole), which corresponds to 6.52 Volt.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compounds were prepared as ionic salts, liquid under 150° C., consisting in a cation containing Alkyl and/or Phenyl groups and an anion consisting in an existing pharmaceutical antibiotica, whose biological properties are strongly enhanced by the cation, concerning elimination of resistance of bacteria and surprisingly also anticancer action.

Abstract: Furfural is a known component of both gasoline or diesel fuels as well as a chemical raw material. We disclose a new production process from cellulose, using as a solvent and catalyst an alkyl imidazole sulphate or chloride or a mixture of both in a reaction with simultaneous extraction, using as a solvent dibuthyl ether. Furfural and dibuthyl ether are later separated by distillation.

Abstract: The product Biofuel is presented as a motor fuel consisting of levoglucosone pure or mixed with ethanol and or hydrocarbons. Its production process from cellulose or starch uses in the first step, as a solvent and catalyst, a mixture of an alkyl alcohol, the ionic liquid N-alkyl imidazole hydrochloride and a small quantity of 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid. In the second step, levoglucosone is extracted with butanol. As butanol also extracts some N-alkyl imidazole, this is washed out by extraction with hydrochloric acid. Levoglucosone was identified by elemental analysis, NMR C13 and H and GC-MS.

Abstract: Biofuel containing mixtures of isomers of alkyl glucose in the linear form, pyran or furan forms, as well as their hydrogenation products. Methyl cellulose may contain one to four methyl groups substituting hydrogen atoms in the original hydroxyl groups contained in glucose, the monomer of cellulose. Its production process from cellulose or starch uses in the first step, as a solvent, a mixture of alkyl alcohol, an ionic liquid immiscible with water like trioctyl amine, tributylamine or their mixtures as hydrochlorides and hydrochloric acid. In the second step, after the methanolysis of cellulose and the methylation of glucose catalysed by the acid, the methyl glucose molecules are separated by extraction with water. Water is evaporated and the biofuel, alkyl cellulose, is obtained and identified by elemental analysis, NMR and FT-IR. As an option, alkyl glucose is hydrogenated and converted in dimethyl tetrahydrofuran, which is a gasoline component.

Abstract: Linear alkyl amine polyethoxylated containing in the alkyl chain 16 to 20 carbon atoms are worldwide used as surfactants for herbicides based on glyphosate. Concerns on the negative effects on environment and health of these surfactants forced the search to new compounds. Branched alkyl alcohol polyethoxylated or polypropoxylated with alkyl chains with 10-12 carbon atoms present a much lower surface tension and lower toxicity than linear alkylamines polyethoxylated or polypropoxylated. The reason for the lower surface tension in water solutions is the steric hindrance of micelles formation caused by the branch. Micelles consisting of surfactant molecules reduce the amount of surfactant available to decrease the surface tension. The reason for the lower toxicity measured in algal growth inhibition and daphnia tests as well as eye irritation tests in rabbits is the absence of the amine function and the reduction in the chain length.

Abstract: In our U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/484,212, we presented the new glyphosate formulation containing branched alkylamines polyethoxylated, and described their advantages to earlier formulations. We claim now glyphosate formulations containing branched alkylamine polypropoxylated as well as alkylamines containing as a side chain of nitrogen copolymers constituted by both ethylenoxyde and propylenoxyde.

Abstract: Linear Alkyl amine polyethoxylated containing in the alkyl chain 16 to 20 carbon atoms are well known surfactants for glyphosate formulations, which have synergistic effects, besides the reduction of surface tension. Concerns on environment and health negative effects of these surfactants forced the search to new compounds. Branched alkyl alcohol polyethoxylated with alkyl chains with less carbon atoms like 10-12 have been earlier used together with the linear alkylamine polyethoxylated in order to reduce the micelle formation and therefore the surface tension. In this way the content of the classical long chain alkylamines polyethoxylated could be reduced. Branches in the alkyl chain create steric hindrance to micelle formation. Micelles consisting of surfactant molecules reduce the amount of surfactant available to decrease the surface tension. Because of miscibility limitations, the content of the branched alcohol polyethoxylated is limited.