Abstract: An examining method for a coating layer on a wafer is provided, including providing an incident light to the coating layer and generating a reflecting light after the coating layer receives the incident light. A spectral analysis of the reflecting light is then generated and compared with a first reference waveform to determine a material of the coating layer. Moreover, the spectral analysis may be further compared with a second reference waveform to determine a thickness of the coating layer. The incident light and reflecting light are provided and received by a spectroscope which is placed above on the wafer to provide perpendicular optical paths to the coating layer on the upper surface of the wafer. By employing the disclosed method, the material and thickness of the coating layer on the wafer can be examined and further classified so as to enhance the conventional efficiency in the prior arts.

Abstract: An electrochemical system that can serve as a heat engine or heat pump is disclosed. The electrochemical system comprises a first electrode assembly, a second electrode assembly, a first electrolyte and a second electrolyte. The first electrode assembly, configured to operate at a first temperature, includes a first electrode set and a second electrode set. The second electrode assembly, configured to operate at a second temperature different from the first temperature, includes a first electrode set and a second electrode set. The first electrolyte is configured to circulate between the first electrode set of the first electrode assembly and the first electrode set of the second electrode assembly. The second electrolyte is configured to circulate between the second electrode set of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode set of the second electrode assembly.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a 3D image display device. The 3D image display device includes a display module having multiple sub-pixels, a driving module, and an optical module disposed opposite to the display module. The driving module is electrically connected to the sub-pixels. The optical module provides a normal view zone and a reverse view zone. A plurality of view images are arranged in the normal view zone and the reverse view zone. The view images in the normal view zone are arranged in a forward order, the view images in the reverse view zone are arranged in a reverse order, and the width of the normal view zone is greater than the width of the reverse view zone.

Abstract: An electrochemical system that can serve as a heat engine or heat pump is disclosed. The electrochemical system comprises a first electrode assembly, a second electrode assembly, a first electrolyte and a second electrolyte. The first electrode assembly, configured to operate at a first temperature, includes a first electrode set and a second electrode set. The second electrode assembly, configured to operate at a second temperature different from the first temperature, includes a first electrode set and a second electrode set. The first electrolyte is configured to circulate between the first electrode set of the first electrode assembly and the first electrode set of the second electrode assembly. The second electrolyte is configured to circulate between the second electrode set of the first electrode assembly and the second electrode set of the second electrode assembly.

Abstract: A 3D display device is disclosed, which comprises: a display panel and a modulating unit disposed on the display panel and comprising plural columnar elements. The display panel comprises: a substrate; plural horizontal electrode lines disposed on the substrate and substantially arranged in parallel; and plural vertical electrode lines disposed on the substrate and substantially arranged in parallel, wherein the vertical electrode lines are interlaced with the horizontal electrode lines to define plural pixel units. In addition, the columnar elements are slanted at a slant angle to an extension direction of the vertical electrode line of the display panel, and the slant angle is in a range from 60 degree to 85 degree.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a 3D image display device. The 3D image display device includes a display module having multiple sub-pixels, a driving module, and an optical module disposed opposite to the display module. The driving module is electrically connected to the sub-pixels. The optical module provides a normal view zone and a reverse view zone. A plurality of view images are arranged in the normal view zone and the reverse view zone. The view images in the normal view zone are arranged in a forward order, the view images in the reverse view zone are arranged in a reverse order, and the width of the normal view zone is greater than the width of the reverse view zone.

Abstract: A three-dimensional display device includes a display panel and a plurality of elongate optical elements overlying the display panel. The display panel includes a plurality of subpixels arranged in rows and columns. At least one of the subpixels has a subpixel width along a row direction of the rows of the subpixel. At least one of the elongate optical elements is slanted at a slant angle to a column direction of the subpixel columns and has a pitch along the row direction, wherein the slant angle is 20 to 30 degrees.

Abstract: A data analysis method is provided. The data analysis method includes collecting a user data; generating a number of situation conditions from the user data; calculating a distribution ratio of each of the situation conditions to obtain a first data; calculating a success ratio of information association of an information association algorithm under each of the situation conditions to obtain a second data; obtaining at least one evaluating parameter of the information association algorithm under the situation conditions according to the first data and the second data; and generating a suggestion information relating to the information association algorithm according to the at least one evaluating parameter.

Abstract: A 3D display device is disclosed, which comprises: a display panel and a modulating unit disposed on the display panel and comprising plural columnar elements. The display panel comprises: a substrate; plural horizontal electrode lines disposed on the substrate and substantially arranged in parallel; and plural vertical electrode lines disposed on the substrate and substantially arranged in parallel, wherein the vertical electrode lines are interlaced with the horizontal electrode lines to define plural pixel units. In addition, the columnar elements are slanted at a slant angle to an extension direction of the vertical electrode line of the display panel, and the slant angle is in a range from 60 degree to 85 degree.

Abstract: A 2D/3D switchable display device comprising a display module, an optical control module and a driving module is disclosed. The optical control module comprises a plurality of optical controlling elements. The display module is disposed opposite to the optical control module and thereby relative information is generated. The driving module provides a corresponding pixel data matrix to the display module based on the optical controlling elements and the relative information.

Abstract: A display method including the following steps is provided. In a first frame, a first image is displayed by a plurality of first regions of a display area of a display apparatus, and a dark image is displayed by a plurality of second regions of the display area of the display apparatus at the same time. The display area has a plurality of pixels arranged as an array. Each first region and each second region respectively includes at least one of the pixels, and the first regions and the second regions are uniformly distributed in the display area, respectively. In a second frame immediately after the first frame, the dark image is displayed by the first regions, and a second image is displayed by the second regions at the same time. The first image and the second image construct a three-dimensional (3D) image.