Abstract: A method for exchanging messages is performed by a slave device, and includes: receiving a submission queue (SQ) tail doorbell from a host to learn that X SQ entries need to be processed, wherein “X” doesn't exceed a host SQ entry upper limit; performing multiple read operations according to the SQ tail doorbell to read the X SQ entries from the host, wherein the slave device reads Y SQ entries at most in each read operation, and “Y” is smaller than “X” and doesn't exceed a slave device SQ entry upper limit; preparing P completion queue (CQ) entries; performing multiple write operations to transmit the P CQ entries to the host, wherein the slave device transmits Q CQ entries at most in each write operation, and “Q” is smaller than “P” and doesn't exceed a slave device CQ entry upper limit; and transmitting a CQ tail doorbell to the host.

Abstract: A data encryption and decryption system and a data encryption and decryption method for the same are provided. The system includes a memory controlling circuit and an encryption and decryption circuit. In write operation, the encryption and decryption circuit executes an encryption algorithm on write address to obtain first seed data, executes a first scrambling process on initial write data to generate first scrambled data, and executes a second scrambling process on the first scrambled data according to common seed data, so as to generate encrypted write data. The memory controlling circuit writes the encrypted write data into a memory unit according to the write address.

Abstract: A method performed by a slave device to obtain a host memory address includes: inquiring a description list to obtain information of an allocated memory of a host; dividing the allocated memory into N storage spaces according to the information; using a first memory space of the N storage spaces to store a first level look-up table indicating physical addresses of the N storage spaces; dividing the first memory space into M storage spaces; storing a second level look-up table in the slave device to indicate physical addresses of the M storage spaces; inquiring the second level look-up table according to a logical address and obtaining a first index indicating a physical address of one of the M storage spaces; and inquiring the first level look-up table according to the first index and obtaining a second index indicating a physical address of one of the N storage spaces.

Abstract: 1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodiazepine-3-one derivatives, such as a compound represented by formula I, acts on 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. The selectivity for 5-HT2A is superior or similar to pimavanserin. The derivative is used for treating schizophrenia or Parkinson’s disease, dementia-related behavioral disorders, and psychosis. The antipsychotic activity of the compound is equivalent to that of pimavanserin, the side effects of sedation and and worsening of exercise are less than those of pimavanserin, and cardiotoxicity is less than that of pimavanserin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reference clock gating circuit for outputting a reliable reference clock according to an external clock. The circuit includes a detection circuit and a gating component. The detection circuit includes: a first counter counting according to triggers of the external clock and thereby generating a first clock number; a second counter counting according to triggers of an accurate slow clock and thereby generating a second clock number; and a decision circuit determining whether a ratio of the first clock number to the second clock number satisfies a predetermined condition after the second clock number reaches a predetermined number, and thereby generating a gating signal to control the gating component. If the ratio satisfies the predetermined condition, the gating component receives the external clock and outputs it as the reference clock; and if the ratio doesn't satisfy the predetermined condition, the gating component doesn't output the external clock.

Abstract: A method for exchanging messages is performed by a slave device, and includes: receiving a submission queue (SQ) tail doorbell from a host to learn that X SQ entries need to be processed, wherein “X” doesn't exceed a host SQ entry upper limit; performing multiple read operations according to the SQ tail doorbell to read the X SQ entries from the host, wherein the slave device reads Y SQ entries at most in each read operation, and “Y” is smaller than “X” and doesn't exceed a slave device SQ entry upper limit; preparing P completion queue (CQ) entries; performing multiple write operations to transmit the P CQ entries to the host, wherein the slave device transmits Q CQ entries at most in each write operation, and “Q” is smaller than “P” and doesn't exceed a slave device CQ entry upper limit; and transmitting a CQ tail doorbell to the host.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reference clock gating circuit for outputting a reliable reference clock according to an external clock. The circuit includes a detection circuit and a gating component. The detection circuit includes: a first counter counting according to triggers of the external clock and thereby generating a first clock number; a second counter counting according to triggers of an accurate slow clock and thereby generating a second clock number; and a decision circuit determining whether a ratio of the first clock number to the second clock number satisfies a predetermined condition after the second clock number reaches a predetermined number, and thereby generating a gating signal to control the gating component. If the ratio satisfies the predetermined condition, the gating component receives the external clock and outputs it as the reference clock; and if the ratio doesn't satisfy the predetermined condition, the gating component doesn't output the external clock.

Abstract: A method performed by a slave device to obtain a host memory address includes: inquiring a description list to obtain information of an allocated memory of a host; dividing the allocated memory into N storage spaces according to the information; using a first memory space of the N storage spaces to store a first level look-up table indicating physical addresses of the N storage spaces; dividing the first memory space into M storage spaces; storing a second level look-up table in the slave device to indicate physical addresses of the M storage spaces; inquiring the second level look-up table according to a logical address and obtaining a first index indicating a physical address of one of the M storage spaces; and inquiring the first level look-up table according to the first index and obtaining a second index indicating a physical address of one of the N storage spaces.

Abstract: An impurity A, an impurity B and an impurity G and preparation methods therefor, and an application as a reference standard for quality control of a compound as represented by formula VI are described.

Abstract: The invention discloses a proteoliposome or a planar lipid bilayer membrane comprising a single protein manufactured using glycerol or polyethylene glycols (PEG) in the rehydration step. Products so prepared are useful for nanopore sensing technology, including ultrafast DNA sequencing and biomedical diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The invention discloses a proteoliposome or a planar lipid bilayer membrane comprising a single protein manufactured using glycerol or polyethylene glycols (PEG) in the rehydration step. Products so prepared are useful for nanopore sensing technology, including ultrafast DNA sequencing and biomedical diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method to prepare proteoliposomes using glycerol or polyethylene glycols (PEG) in the rehydration step. The method eliminates the use of expensive surfactants and subsequent time-consuming removal of those surfactants during the preparation of proteoliposomes. The fusible proteoliposome reconstituted with phage portal proteins or other hydrophobic channel proteins are useful for nanopore sensing technology, including ultrafast DNA sequencing and biomedical diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method to prepare proteoliposomes using glycerol or polyethylene glycols (PEG) in the rehydration step. The method eliminates the use of expensive surfactants and subsequent time-consuming removal of those surfactants during the preparation of proteoliposomes. The fusible proteoliposome reconstituted with phage portal proteins or other hydrophobic channel proteins are useful for nanopore sensing technology, including ultrafast DNA sequencing and biomedical diagnostic applications.

Abstract: A power-saving device and method are applicable to a first electronic device having at least one connection interface, and the first electronic device is coupled to a second electronic device via a bus. The power-saving device includes a detection circuit, a power control circuit, and a connection control circuit. The detection circuit is coupled to the connection interface, to detect a load state of the connection interface and generate a detection signal. The power control circuit controls power supplied to the first electronic device via the bus in response to a state of the detection signal. The connection control circuit controls a connection state of the bus according to the detection signal.

Abstract: A battery cover fixing mechanism is provided for coupling a cover (1) to a housing (2) of a portable electronic device. The battery cover fixing mechanism includes a blocking mechanism, an opening (16), a latching mechanism, a slot (20) and a cutout (24). The cover forms the blocking mechanism and defines the opening. The housing defines the slot and the cutout. The latching mechanism includes a block (30), an elastic member (32), a slider (34) having a blocking part, and a holder (36) fixed to the housing. The slider is slidably attached on the holder. The block is fixed on the slider and extends through the cutout and the opening. The blocking mechanism of the cover engages in the slot of the housing and with the blocking part of the slider. Two ends of the elastic member are respectively attached to the holder and the slider.