Abstract: A display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a display apparatus are disclosed. The display substrate includes a silicon base substrate and a color film layer disposed on the silicon base substrate. A plurality of metal traces for connecting a display area and a cathode ring with a bonding area respectively are contained in the silicon base substrate. The color film layer includes a first align mark, and the first align mark has a hollowed-out structure. A projection of the first align mark on the silicon base substrate and projections of the metal traces on the silicon base substrate include overlapping areas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a texture sampling method and apparatus based on merge processing of texel requests. The present disclosure merges target texel requests in the same cache line together, which reduces the number of cache hit tests. A pressure on the cache of next level to process texel requests may be significantly reduced, and the speed of texture sampling may be increased. The method includes: creating a texture sampling request, where the texture sampling request includes a pixel to be processed; obtaining multiple target texel requests based on pixel coordinates of the pixel to be processed; performing a merge processing on the multiple target texel requests according to a preset rule, and obtaining a merge table of texel requests; sequentially performing cache hit tests on the multiple target texel requests to obtain target texels based on the valid cache lines in the merge table of texel requests.

Abstract: A display panel includes: a silicon-based substrate, a driving layer, a first electrode layer, an organic light emitting layer, a second electrode layer and a plurality of pads. The display signal access pad is configured to access the display signal during a display phase, the test signal access pad at least includes a first group of test phase access pads, and the first group of test phase access pads includes a first pad and a second pad, the first pad is electrically connected with the electrode ring, and the second pad is electrically connected with the silicon-based substrate.

Abstract: A display backboard includes a base substrate and a plurality of real pixel units periodically arranged on one side of the base substrate. Each real pixel unit has a plurality of real light-emitting layers with different colors, at least two real metal wiring layers are provided on one side of each real light-emitting layer proximal to the base substrate, and two real metal wiring layers on the side of each real light-emitting layer are electrically connected through via holes. Orthographic projections of the two real metal wiring layers on the side of each real light-emitting layer on the base substrate cover an orthographic projection of at least one of the via holes on the base substrate, and the via holes are configured to connect two virtual metal wiring layers in a virtual pixel unit different from the real pixel unit.

Abstract: Provided is a display substrate, including: a silicon-based substrate having a display area, a binding area located on one side of the display area, and a trace area located between the display area and the binding area; a trace protection structure is arranged on the silicon-based substrate in the trace area, and a pad assembly is integrated in the silicon-based substrate in the binding area; and a minimum distance between an edge of an orthographic projection of the trace protection structure on the silicon-based substrate and an edge of an orthographic projection of an opening of the pad assembly on the silicon-based substrate is smaller than a maximum size of one subpixel.

Abstract: A display panel includes a drive backplane, a transparent insulating layer and a light-emitting device layer. The drive backplane includes a driving circuit layer, a metal wiring layer, a first insulating layer and a reflective electrode layer. The first insulating layer has first via holes filled with first metal connectors. The reflective electrode layer includes first reflective electrodes respectively connected with the metal wiring layer through the first metal connectors. The light-emitting device layer includes a pixel electrode layer, an organic light-emitting layer and a common electrode layer. The pixel electrode layer includes first pixel electrodes respectively connected with the first reflective electrodes through the connection via holes. A distance between an orthographic projection of the connection via hole on the pixel electrode layer and an edge of the first pixel electrode is not less than a first threshold value.

Abstract: A display module, including: a display panel; and a color film layer and a micro-lens layer, provided on a light-emitting side of the display panel; where, the color film layer includes a plurality of filter portions, and the micro-lens layer includes a plurality of first converging lenses and a plurality of second converging lenses; a gap is provided between two adjacent first converging lenses, and an orthographic projection of a first converging lens on the display panel is located within an orthographic projection of a filter portion on the display panel; a second converging lens is provided in the gap between two adjacent first converging lenses, and a vertex of the second converging lens is located between a vertex of the first converging lens and a bottom surface of the first converging lens.

Abstract: Disclosed is a laboratory. The laboratory comprises a plurality of laboratory units. Each laboratory unit comprises a first region and a second region. The first region comprises: a first air supply connection pipeline, wherein one end of the first air supply connection pipeline is in communication with an air supply main pipeline, the other end of the first air supply connection pipeline forms a first air supply port, and the first air supply connection pipeline is internally provided with a first air supply valve; and a first air exhaust connection pipeline, wherein one end of the first air exhaust connection pipeline is in communication with an air exhaust main pipeline, the other end of the first air exhaust connection pipeline forms a first air exhaust port, and the first air exhaust connection pipeline is internally provided with a first air exhaust valve.

Abstract: An energy efficiency optimization method for an IRS-assisted NOMA THz network comprises: classifying users into BS users and IRS users; defining a channel model for the BS users and a channel model for the IRS users; calculating a BS user rate and an IRS user rate respectively, and calculating a total rate of a system; proposing an optimization problem for downlink power control and IRS phase shift adjustment; and solving the optimization problem through an MADRL method. The invention puts forward an energy efficiency concept and adopts an MADRL method to maximize the overall energy efficiency of the system under the constraints of minimum rate and maximum power of each user.

Abstract: A ?-caprolactone precursor-aroma compound and a preparation method and uses thereof are disclosed. The preparation method specifically includes: dissolving ?-caprolactone in a sufficient amount of a solvent, adding an alkali at ?78° C. to 0° C., stirring the resulting mixture to allow a reaction for 20 min or more, adding 2-acetylpyridine, further stirring at ?78° C. to 0° C. to allow a reaction for 30 min or more, quenching the reaction, and finally subjecting the resulting reaction system to post-treatment, separation, and purification to obtain the target lactone precursor-aroma compound.

Abstract: A charging device for charging a battery pack includes a plurality of charging assemblies for charging a plurality of battery cells connected electrically in series, wherein the plurality of charging assemblies are configured to charge a first set of the plurality of battery cells in a first time period and a second set of the plurality of battery cells in a second time period, any two of the plurality of battery cells that neighbor with each other are from different sets of the plurality of battery cells, and each of the plurality of charging assemblies comprises: an AC/DC converter for converting an inputted AC voltage to a first DC voltage; and a DC/DC converter for converting the first DC voltage to a second DC voltage for charging the battery cell.

Abstract: A switching amplifier includes a power device and a processing device. The power device is configured for powering a load and is comprised of a plurality of switches. The processing device configured to calculate a switch junction temperature for a bonding wire in each switch based at least in part on a power loss of each switch; generate a first accumulated fatigue damage of the bonding wire in each switch based on the switch junction temperature; and generate an estimated remaining lifetime of the switching amplifier based on the first accumulated fatigue damages of the bonding wires in each switch.

Abstract: A direct current (DC) circuit breaker for power transmission or distribution system includes a current sensor for sensing current of a system, a controller, a physical switch, and multiple switch modules. The multiple switch modules are electrically coupled to the current sensor and the physical switch in series. Each switch module includes multiple base elements electrically coupled in parallel. Each base element includes a first silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) and a second SiC MOSFET electrically coupled in an opposite series connection mode. The first and second SiC MOSFETs are configured in a synchronous rectification mode by channel reverse conduction control. The controller controls the multiple switch modules to connect current in the system, and break current of the multiple switch modules according to sensed current signals from the current sensor.

Abstract: A switching amplifier includes a plurality of cascade elements, each bridge circuit includes an inductive load coupled between a first leg terminal of one of the at least two leg circuits and a second leg terminal of another one of the at least two leg circuits. A first leg voltage of the first leg terminal have a phase shift relative to a second leg voltage of the second leg terminal, the phase shift is used for causing the inductive load to store electric energy and generating a minimum circulating current?I min or I min sufficient to effect conducting of a corresponding diode; each of the switches is configured to be turned on if the corresponding diode conducts current to effect zero voltage switching of the corresponding switch. The minimum circulating current?I min or I min is equal to a constant value.

Abstract: A smart lock comprises wireless enabled communication components and fingerprint enabled identification verification components. The fingerprint enabled identification verification components are configured to be at a location that a typical user's fingerprint is reachable and in a contact position when the user holds a handle of the lock. The smart lock is configured to be operable using Internet signals, bluetooth signals, and/or direct physical contact of a identification verification mechanism or method.

Abstract: A multi-source energy storage system, it includes a first energy storage system, a second energy storage system, and a second DC/DC converter and controller and a method for supplying power to an electrical load from multiple energy storage systems. The first energy storage system can be coupled to an electrical load. The second DC/DC converter and controller can be coupled between at least one of the following: a second energy storage system and a first energy storage system or electrical load. The controller settings control the first and second energy storage systems and the second DC/DC converter runs in both precharge mode and normal mode. In the precharge mode, the first energy storage system charges the second energy storage system via the second DC/DC converter. In normal mode, the second energy storage is coupled to the electrical load via the second DC/DC converter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a charging device for charging a battery back, comprising: a plurality of charging assemblies for charging a plurality of battery cells connected electrically in series in the battery back, wherein the plurality of charging assemblies are configured to charge a first set of the plurality of battery cells in a first time period and a second set of the plurality of battery cells in a second time period, any two of the plurality of battery cells that neighbor with each other are from different sets of the plurality of battery cells, and each of the plurality of charging assemblies comprises: an AC/DC converter for converting an inputted AC voltage to a first DC voltage; and a DC/DC converter for converting the first DC voltage to a second DC voltage for charging the battery cell. The present disclosure further relates to a charging system and method.

Abstract: A switching amplifier includes a power device and a processing device. The power device is configured for powering a load and is comprised of a plurality of switches. The processing device configured to calculate a switch junction temperature for a bonding wire in each switch based at least in part on a power loss of each switch; generate a first accumulated fatigue damage of the bonding wire in each switch based on the switch junction temperature; and generate an estimated remaining lifetime of the switching amplifier based on the first accumulated fatigue damages of the bonding wires in each switch.

Abstract: A switching amplifier includes a plurality of cascade elements, each bridge circuit includes an inductive load coupled between a first leg terminal of one of the at least two leg circuits and a second leg terminal of another one of the at least two leg circuits. A first leg voltage of the first leg terminal have a phase shift relative to a second leg voltage of the second leg terminal, the phase shift is used for causing the inductive load to store electric energy and generating a minimum circulating current—I min or I min sufficient to effect conducting of a corresponding diode; each of the switches is configured to be turned on if the corresponding diode conducts current to effect zero voltage switching of the corresponding switch. The minimum circulating current—I min or I min is equal to a constant value.

Abstract: A semiconductor module comprising a plurality of electrically conductive top plates, an electrically conductive base plate, a plurality of semiconductor chips installed on the base plate, a first power supply connected to the plates, a second power supply connected to the plates and an electrically insulating outer casing component. The semiconductor chips are individually in contact with the top plates. Each semiconductor chip comprises a first electrode electrically coupled with the base plate, and a second electrical pole electrically coupled with the corresponding top plate. The first power supply connecting plate is equipped with protruding parts that are individually in electrical contact with the top plates. The second power supply connecting plate is electrically connected to the base plate. The outer casing component is used to integrate the first power supply connecting plate and the second power supply connecting plate. The outer casing component comprises at least one opening.