Abstract: An example of the present disclosure disclose a memory comprising a memory array and a peripheral circuit coupled with the memory array. The memory array comprises a plurality of memory cells. The peripheral circuit is configured to: apply N program voltages to a word line coupled with a to-be-programmed memory cell with a target state being the highest state to perform a first program operation, to program the to-be-programmed memory cell with the target state being the highest state to a first threshold voltage, wherein a difference between a target threshold voltage corresponding to the to-be-programmed memory cell with the target state being the highest state and the first threshold voltage is less than a first preset value, and N is a positive integer; and apply M program voltages to the word line to perform a second program operation.

Abstract: Examples of the present application disclose a memory device, a memory system, and an operation method of a memory device. In the method, prior to ISPP programming of memory cells of selected memory cells, a first preprogram pulse is first applied to a selected word line to preprogram a first class of memory cells of the selected memory cells.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide novel amine-protecting groups useful for the synthesis of special amino acids. Provided is an amine-protecting group.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an insulating film polishing solution, comprising: cerium oxide, an anionic polymer, a cationic polymer, an insulating film inhibitor, and water, wherein the pattern polishing rate of the polishing rate of the insulating film polishing solution is more than 5 times that of non-pattern polishing rate. The insulation film polishing solution in the present invention has good stability and can realize an automatic stop function.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a chemical mechanical polishing solution comprising cerium oxide particles, an anionic compound, a cationic compound, an inhibitor, and a pH regulator, wherein the inhibitor is a non-ionic polymeric compound; The polishing selectivity ratio of the chemical mechanical polishing solution for the insulation film/polycrystalline silicon is greater than 100. The chemical mechanical polishing solution of the present invention can effectively maintain a high polishing selectivity ratio of the insulation layer to the stop layer, where the stop layer is a polycrystalline silicon stop layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel organic zinc compound useful for the synthesis of special amino acids. Provided are an organic zinc compound and a method for producing an organic zinc compound.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing an organic-inorganic nanocomposite particle dispersion, comprising: preparing a negatively charged organic-inorganic nanocomposite particle dispersion: adding positively charged inorganic nanoparticles to an anionic organic polymer solution, stirring thoroughly, dispersing uniformly, and obtaining a negatively charged organic-inorganic nanocomposite particle dispersion; preparing a positively charged organic-inorganic nanocomposite particle dispersion: adding a negatively charged organic polymer inorganic metal oxide composite dispersion to a cationic organic polymer solution, stirring thoroughly, and dispersing uniformly to obtain a positively charged organic polymer inorganic nanocomposite particle dispersion; repeating step (1) and (2) alternately to obtain a dispersion of negatively charged and positively charged organic-inorganic nanocomposites by adjusting the number of step (1) and (2), respectively.

Abstract: A liquid material including a polysaccharide is manufactured by creating a mixture of polysaccharides and an aqueous solvent or an aqueous cosolvent with organic solvents at a temperature at which gelation does not occur. The mixture is also irradiated at this lower temperature, such as with ultrasound waves in combination with stirring and/or bubbling of inert gases. to apply ultrasound to a mixture of. Compared with conventional reactions with low concentration solutions, the product yield and advantageous mechanical properties are significantly increased. Depolymerization (decomposition, disassembly) of polysaccharide in the liquid material does not occur to any substantial degree, and the molecular structure of the polysaccharide is maintained. Further, the liquid material does not gel even when the temperature is raised, and thus, its fluidity is maintained, despite polysaccharides being maintained at a high concentration.

Abstract: A peptide is efficiently produced by reacting a carboxyl group of an amino acid or intermediate peptide in which an amino group is protected, with an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of an amino acid in which an amino group is not protected, or of an intermediate peptide in which an N-terminal is not protected, is a two-layer solvent composed of water and a hydrophobic organic solvent.

Abstract: A mobility management node and a method in a mobility management node for reducing signalling caused by changes of location of a radio terminal, which mobility management node is configured to be operatively comprised by a wireless communication system and to operatively manage the mobility of the radio terminal and to operatively communicate with a gateway node acting as an interface between the system and an external network. The method comprises obtaining initial position information; obtaining boundary information indicating a boundary area wherein at least one of a policy or a charging rule is to be applied for the radio terminal; obtaining current position information; determining whether the radio terminal is inside or outside the boundary area; providing mobility information when the radio terminal is outside the boundary area and not providing mobility information to the gateway node when the radio terminal is inside the boundary area.

Abstract: A mobility management node and a method in a mobility management node for reducing signalling caused by changes of location of a radio terminal, which mobility management node is configured to be operatively comprised by a wireless communication system and to operatively manage the mobility of the radio terminal and to operatively communicate with a gateway node acting as an interface between the system and an external network. The method comprises obtaining initial position information; obtaining boundary information indicating a boundary area wherein at least one of a policy or a charging rule is to be applied for the radio terminal; obtaining current position information; determining whether the radio terminal is inside or outside the boundary area; providing mobility information when the radio terminal is outside the boundary area and not providing mobility information to the gateway node when the radio terminal is inside the boundary area.

Abstract: A mobility management node and a method in a mobility management node for reducing signalling caused by changes of location of a radio terminal, which mobility management node is configured to be operatively comprised by a wireless communication system and to operatively manage the mobility of the radio terminal and to operatively communicate with a gateway node acting as an interface between the system and an external network. The method comprises obtaining initial position information; obtaining boundary information indicating a boundary area wherein at least one of a policy or a charging rule is to be applied for the radio terminal; obtaining current position information; determining whether the radio terminal is inside or outside the boundary area; providing mobility information when the radio terminal is outside the boundary area and not providing mobility information to the gateway node when the radio terminal is inside the boundary area.

Abstract: A mobility management node and a method in a mobility management node for reducing signalling caused by changes of location of a radio terminal, which mobility management node is configured to be operatively comprised by a wireless communication system and to operatively manage the mobility of the radio terminal and to operatively communicate with a gateway node acting as an interface between the system and an external network. The method comprises obtaining initial position information; obtaining boundary information indicating a boundary area wherein at least one of a policy or a charging rule is to be applied for the radio terminal; obtaining current position information; determining whether the radio terminal is inside or outside the boundary area; providing mobility information when the radio terminal is outside the boundary area and not providing mobility information to the gateway node when the radio terminal is inside the boundary area.

Abstract: A mobility management node and a method in a mobility management node for reducing signalling caused by changes of location of a radio terminal, which mobility management node is configured to be operatively comprised by a wireless communication system and to operatively manage the mobility of the radio terminal and to operatively communicate with a gateway node acting as an interface between the system and an external network. The method comprises obtaining initial position information; obtaining boundary information indicating a boundary area wherein at least one of a policy or a charging rule is to be applied for the radio terminal; obtaining current position information; determining whether the radio terminal is inside or outside the boundary area; providing mobility information when the radio terminal is outside the boundary area and not providing mobility information to the gateway node when the radio terminal is inside the boundary area.

Abstract: A mobility management node and a method in a mobility management node for reducing signalling caused by changes of location of a radio terminal, which mobility management node is configured to be operatively comprised by a wireless communication system and to operatively manage the mobility of the radio terminal and to operatively communicate with a gateway node acting as an interface between the system and an external network. The method comprises obtaining initial position information; obtaining boundary information indicating a boundary area wherein at least one of a policy or a charging rule is to be applied for the radio terminal; obtaining current position information; determining whether the radio terminal is inside or outside the boundary area; providing mobility information when the radio terminal is outside the boundary area and not providing mobility information to the gateway node when the radio terminal is inside the boundary area.