Abstract: A method for facilitating diagnosis of an affective disorder in a person can include (a) acquiring 1H spectroscopic data to obtain an indicator of total choline (tCho) and creatine (Cr) in an area, e.g., the anterior cingulate cortex, of the person's brain; and (b) determining, by a processor and based on the indicator, at least one of (i) a likely diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder, or (ii) a probability of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder, in the person.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods of identifying bipolar disorder in a person. One such method includes acquiring 31P spectroscopic imaging data from a region of interest in a brain of the person and subsequently analyzing the 31P spectroscopic imaging data to obtain a signal intensity and a concentration for one or more phosphorus metabolites. A reduced concentration the one or more phosphorus metabolites, such as inorganic phosphate, in the brain can indicate bipolar disorder in the person. Frontal lobe inorganic phosphate concentration in medication-free adolescents can indicate bipolar depression.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to creatine analogs, compositions comprising same, and methods of using same, alone or in combination with other agents, to treat depression disorders and associated maladies. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the treatment of major depressive disorder in male subjects and methods for the treatment of psychiatric disorders at high altitudes by administering one or more creatine-containing compounds.

Abstract: In general, the present invention provides methods for treating disorders associated with the amygdala. The methods of treatment are based on the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of secretin to an individual suffering from a disorder associated with the amygdala, e.g., bipolar disorder or a substance use disorder.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or suppressing marihuana usage, withdrawal, or dependence involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, uridine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric disorders, substance abuse disorders, and other conditions, e.g., cardiovascular disease and cancer, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, adenosine-elevating compound, omega-3 fatty acids, or combinations thereof to a mammal. The invention further provides methods of enhancing neurodevelopment and delaying premature pregnancy by administration of an effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, adenosine-elevating compound, omega-3 fatty acids, or combinations thereof to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or suppressing marihuana usage, withdrawal, or dependence involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, uridine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention involves enhancing brain function by stimulating the brain using magnetic fields. Applications of the new methods include improving the condition of individuals with cognitive disorders, such as depression, and studying the effects of neural stimulation using induced electric fields. These techniques can avoid deleterious effects of psychotropic pharmaceutical treatments, and provide a relatively safe, comfortable, inexpensive means of direct cranial stimulation.

Abstract: The invention involves enhancing brain function by stimulating the brain using magnetic fields. Applications of the new methods include improving the condition of individuals with cognitive disorders, such as depression, and studying the effects of neural stimulation using induced electric fields. These techniques can avoid deleterious effects of psychotropic pharmaceutical treatments, and provide a relatively safe, comfortable, inexpensive means of direct cranial stimulation.

Abstract: A method for treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) includes performing an objective ADHD behavioral assay for a patient, administering a drug to the patient at varying doses, and performing an fMRI on the patient for the varying drug doses to determine an optimal dosage for the patient. The method can further include performing a further objective ADHD behavioral assay after the drug administration.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for normalizing the sleep/wake cycle of a mammal by administering a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, uridine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound. As such the methods described herein may increase wakefulness, reduce tiredness or fatigue during the day, and improve sleep quality. The methods of the invention may also be used in the treatment of sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleep apnea, periodic limb movements, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy, and problem sleepiness, or for increasing cognitive function in sleep deprived individuals. Citicoline is an exemplary compound for use in the methods described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating individuals suffering from depression. The methods are based on the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a substance that lowers the circulating concentration of a purinergic compound or that acts as an antagonist to a purinergic receptor.

Abstract: The invention involves enhancing brain function by stimulating the brain using magnetic fields. Applications of the new methods include improving the condition of individuals with cognitive disorders, such as depression, and studying the effects of neural stimulation using induced electric fields. These techniques can avoid deleterious effects of psychotropic pharmaceutical treatments, and provide a relatively safe, comfortable, inexpensive means of direct cranial stimulation.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, or adenosine-elevating compound to a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for assessing central nervous system function and diagnosing central nervous system disorders in a human, and for evaluating therapeutic agents that affect central nervous system neurotransmitter function. The invention uses cortical imaging methods to assess changes in visual system processing, and correlates these changes to central nervous system function.