Abstract: A first broadcast target wake time (TWT) schedule may be established on a first link between an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) and a non-AP MLD and the first link may be impending to be unavailable. The AP MLD may announce, by including a Broadcast TWT Link Replacement element in a beacon frame or a probe response frame, that the first broadcast TWT schedule on the first link becomes unavailable and a replacement broadcast TWT schedule is available on the alternative link from the time indicated in the Link Replacement Time subfield of the Broadcast TWT Link Replacement element.

Abstract: A wireless communication network includes an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) and a non-AP MLD. The AP MLD generates an Extreme High Throughput (EHT) variant Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) Parameters Set element including an EDCA Parameters Set element and a Link Indication. The EDCA Parameters Set element applies to a non-primary link between the AP MLD and the non-AP MLD. The AP MLD generates a beacon frame including the EHT variant EDCA Parameters Set element and the Link Indication subfield and transmits the beacon frame to the non-AP MLD.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for facilitating automatic re-establishment of a link by multi-link devices (MLDs) in a wireless local area network. A non-access point (AP) MLD comprises a processor and stations (STAs), each comprising a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD with which the non-AP MLD is associated. The transceiver of one of the STAs is further configured to receive, from the corresponding AP of the AP MLD, a first message that includes an announcement of addition of a new AP to the AP MLD. The processor is operably coupled to the STAs and is configured to determine to establish a new link between the new AP and the transceiver of a first of the STAs.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for choosing the operating mode for multi-link devices in a wireless local area network communications system. A non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) includes stations (STAs), each STA including a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, and a processor operably coupled to the STAs. The processor is configured to determine whether to evaluate a set of available modes of operation of the non-AP MLD based on a triggering event, obtain a set of parameters for evaluating the set of available modes of operation, evaluate the set of available modes of operation based on the set of parameters, determine whether to change a current operating mode of the non-AP MLD based on the evaluation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for facilitating target wake time (TWT) teardown operations by multi-link devices (MLDs) in a wireless local area network. A non-access point (AP) MLD comprises a processor and stations (STAs), each comprising a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, wherein at least one TWT schedule or agreement is established on at least one of the links. The processor is operably coupled to the STAs and configured to generate or interpret a first message that identifies at least one of the links and indicates that TWT teardown is to be performed for the identified at least one link. The transceiver of a first of the STAs is further configured to transmit or receive the first message to or from the AP MLD over a first of the links.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for an operation parameter update for emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) operation are disclosed. A method for wireless communication performed by an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) that includes APs, the method comprising: forming a link with a corresponding station (STA) of a non-AP MLD; transmitting information associated with emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) operation parameters to the corresponding STA; determining whether the EPCS operation parameters transmitted to the corresponding STA need to be updated; when the EPCS operation parameters transmitted to the corresponding STA do not need to be updated, continuing with current EPCS operation parameters; and when the EPCS operation parameters transmitted to the corresponding STA need to be updated, determining a procedure for updating the EPCS operation parameters.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for prioritization handling for emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) operation are disclosed. A method for wireless communication performed by a non-access point (AP) device that comprises a station (STA) includes: forming a link with an AP; receiving information associated with emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) from the AP; determining whether the STA and the AP support an EPCS operation; based on determining that the STA and the AP support the EPCS operation; determining whether the AP supports prioritization for EPCS devices; when the AP does not support prioritization for EPCS devices, performing the EPCS operation; and when the AP supports prioritization for EPCS devices, performing a prioritized EPCS operation, wherein the prioritized EPCS operation comprises prioritization among EPCS devices.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for link and traffic level emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) setup and operations are disclosed. A method for wireless communication performed by a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) that includes stations (STAs) comprises: forming a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD; receiving information associated with emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) priority access from the corresponding AP; determining whether the EPCS priority access is enabled on all of the links between the STAs and the corresponding APs; when the EPCS priority access is enabled for all of the links between the STAs and the corresponding APs, continuing with current EPCS priority access; and when the EPCS priority access is not enabled for all of the links between the STAs and the corresponding APs, performing the EPCS priority access on some but not all of the links between the STAs and the corresponding APs.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for facilitating discovery by a multi-link device (MLD) of peer-to-peer (P2P) direct links that overlap with non-simultaneous transmit/receive (NSTR) constrained links of the MLD without violating NSTR constraints. A first non-access point (AP) MLD comprises first stations (STAs), each comprising a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, and a processor. Two of the links form an NSTR link pair. The processor is configured to generate a first message identifying a first NSTR link for establishment of a P2P direct link with a peer STA. The transceiver corresponding to one of the NSTR links is configured to transmit the first message to the AP MLD. The transceiver corresponding to a second NSTR link is configured to wait a predetermined period of time after the first message is transmitted before performing uplink (UL) transmissions to the AP MLD.

Abstract: A wireless communication network includes an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) and a non-AP MLD. In an enhanced multi-link multi-radio (EMLMR) mode, a non-AP MLD may sequentially transmit one or more TDLS discovery request frames to an AP MLD to discover a TDLS peer STA via different EMLMR links. The AP MLD may transmit an initial frame via an EMLMR link to trigger TDLS discovery request frame from the non-AP MLD.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for prioritization handling for EPCS operation are disclosed. A method for wireless communication performed by a non-AP device that comprises a STA comprises: forming a first link with a first AP of a first AP MLD and a second link with a second AP of a second AP MLD; receiving information associated with EPCS priority access from the first and second APs, determining whether the STA is undergoing a BSS transition from the first AP to the second AP; when the STA is not undergoing the BSS transition from the first AP to the second AP, continuing with a current EPCS priority access; and when the STA is undergoing the BSS transition from the first AP to the second AP, determining a procedure for handling the EPCS priority access associated with the BSS transition from the first AP to the second AP.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for facilitating the discovery and setup of multiple peer-to-peer (P2P) direct links for P2P communications between peer multi-link devices (MLDs). A first non-access point (AP) MLD comprises first stations (STAs), each comprising a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, and a processor. The processor is configured to generate a first message that includes information indicating that one or more of the links are target links on which the first non-AP MLD intends to establish a P2P direct link with second STAs of a second non-AP MLD, wherein the second STAs are associated with the corresponding AP of the AP MLD on the target links. The transceiver of a first of the first STAs is further configured to transmit the first message to the corresponding AP of the AP MLD over the link.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for tunneled direct link setup (TDLS) discovery for enhanced multi-link single radio (EMLSR) operation are disclosed. A method for wireless communication performed by a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) that comprises stations (STAs), the method comprising: forming links with corresponding APs of an AP MLD, wherein at least a subset of the links are enhanced multi-link single-radio (EMLSR) links configured to operate in an EMLSR mode of operation; generating a first message including a TDLS discovery request on the links separately for discovery of a peer STA on a corresponding link on which the TDLS discovery request is sent; transmitting, to the AP MLD, the first message, and receiving a message containing a TDLS discovery response message indicating discovery of the peer STA on the link on which the TDLS discovery request was sent.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for facilitating restricted target wake time (TWT) operation in a wireless local area network. The apparatuses include a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) comprising a plurality of stations (STAs) and a processor. Each STA comprises a transceiver configured for broadcast TWT operation on multi-link operation (MLO) links with corresponding APs of an AP MLD. The processor is operably coupled to the transceivers, and configured to negotiate a broadcast TWT schedule over a first link between a first STA and a first AP of the AP MLD, apply the broadcast TWT schedule to the group of links, negotiate a restricted TWT schedule with the AP MLD over at least one link of the group of links, and establish the restricted TWT schedule on one or more links of the at least one link.

Abstract: A wireless communication network includes an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) and a non-AP MLD. The AP MLD generates a traffic indication map (TIM) element that indicates pending buffered traffic for a plurality of non-AP MLDs associated with the AP MLD and selectively generate a multi-link traffic indication element that includes per-link traffic indication to retrieve buffered traffic for at least one non-AP MLD, based on determining whether all of the plurality of non-AP MLDs have default traffic identifier (TID)-to-link mapping and whether the AP MLD has buffered traffic with TIDs that are not mapped to all enabled links for the at least one non-AP MLD. The AP MLD transmits the beacon frame including the TIM element and the optional multi-link traffic indication element to the plurality of non-AP MLDs.

Abstract: A method includes detecting, at an access point (AP), that a station (STA) is in an emergency preparedness communication services (EPCS) mode. The method also includes, responsive to detecting that the STA is in the EPCS mode, transmitting a beacon frame to another AP, wherein the beacon frame includes a first information element (IE) indicating that EPCS is activated for the STA and wherein the beacon frame indicates for the other AP to turn off overlapping basic service set preamble detection (OBSS/PD). The method further includes transmitting EPCS data to the STA while the other AP has OBSS/PD turned off.

Abstract: A wireless communication network includes an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) and a non-AP MLD. An AP of the AP MLD indicates to a STA of a non-AP MLD, which is involved in active frame exchanges, whether there is pending buffered traffic for the non-AP MLD on another link, whether the AP MLD intends to recommend the non-AP MLD to use another link to fetch buffered traffic, and/or whether there is a critical update to the BSS on another link.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for facilitating enhanced multi-link multi-radio (EMLMR) operation of multi-link devices (MLDs). A non-access point (AP) MLD comprises EMLMR STA, each comprising a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, and a processor. Each link is configured to support a respective basic modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and number of spatial streams (NSS), and the links are EMLMR links configured to operate in an EMLMR mode of operation in which the EMLMR links support an enhanced MCS and NSS. A first of the EMLMR STAs, in the EMLMR mode of operation, is configured to conduct a first EMLMR frame exchange with a first of the APs over a first of the links. The processor is operably coupled to the EMLMR STAs, and configured to control a behavior of other EMLMR STAs on other EMLMR links during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for non-simultaneous transmit/receive (NSTR) start time synchronization are disclosed. A method for wireless communication performed by a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) that comprises stations (STAs), the method comprising: forming links with corresponding APs of an AP MLD; detecting a non-simultaneous transmit and receive (NSTR) link pairs; detecting an attempt by a first STA of the NSTR link pairs to synchronize start times of physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) with a second STA of the NSTR link pairs, wherein the first STA is configured to hold a backoff counter at a value of zero during a backoff hold time duration; determining the backoff hold time duration; and determining a number of time intervals that can fit into the backoff hold time duration.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for supporting traffic urgency indication. A method for wireless communication performed by a non-access point (AP) device that comprises a first station (STA), comprises forming a link with a first AP; transmitting information associated with a traffic transmission to the first AP, the information including a scheduling parameter configured to aid the first AP in making a scheduling decision; receiving data associated with the scheduling parameter from the first AP; and based on the received data, determining to transmit the traffic transmission to the first AP.