Abstract: A fast pyrolysis apparatus (200) for producing pyrolysis liquid, such as oil or tar, char and pyrolysis gas from biomass, such as straw, comprises a centrifuge chamber (204) and a rotor (210) arranged to impart rotation on the biomass in the centrifuge chamber to force the biomass outwardly under the action of centrifugal forces. A furnace (206) arranged coaxially around the centrifuge chamber (204) maintains the temperature at an outer reactive wall of the centrifuge chamber at an elevated temperature to effect the pyrolysis process at or near the reactive wall. The apparatus comprises a condenser (218) arranged coaxially with and surrounded by the centrifuge chamber (204). The apparatus may be accommodated by a mobile unit for simultaneously collecting biomass from a field and processing the biomass in the apparatus.

Abstract: A fast pyrolysis apparatus (200) for producing pyrolysis liquid, such as oil or tar, char and pyrolysis gas from biomass, such as straw, comprises a centrifuge chamber (204) and a rotor (210) arranged to impart rotation on the biomass in the centrifuge chamber to force the biomass outwardly under the action of centrifugal forces. A furnace (206) arranged coaxially around the centrifuge chamber (204) maintains the temperature at an outer reactive wall of the centrifuge chamber at an elevated temperature to effect the pyrolysis process at or near the reactive wall. The apparatus comprises a condenser (218) arranged coaxially with and surrounded by the centrifuge chamber (204). The apparatus may be accommodated by a mobile unit for simultaneously collecting biomass from a field and processing the biomass in the apparatus.

Abstract: A blade retention system which allows a blade to be rotated about a blade stack axis by utilizing a cover, an anti-rotational key, and strap is described. The substantially cylindrical cover rotatably couples to a rotor disk opening using a thrust bearing. The cover includes a dovetail-load slot for receiving a rotor blade dovetail key. The anti-rotation key is positioned between the dovetail key and the dovetail-load slot to secured the blade to the cover. The strap holds the key in place and is clamped between the cover and the control mechanism.

Abstract: Exercising apparatus includes a collapsible frame having upper and lower tracks supporting upper and lower groups of pulleys and moveable upright track supporting risers. The upper pulleys support an adjustable friction block partner supporting harness adjacent the frames front end, and a line extending from the friction block over upper pulleys to a coupling transmits a friction block enhanced force related to the partners weight. A multiple path pulley arrangement joined to the coupling provides a mechanical advantage, reducing by a multiple the effective force delivered adjacent the frame's back end to an exercising bar spaced apart from the exercising partner through lower track coupled pulley blocks. A separate line from the upper track passing through an offset pulley, is extendable to the lower lines to allow for pull down exercises.