Abstract: A peptide (QSP-9124) was synthesized corresponding to the 34 residue sequence of a peptide precursor to the bacteriocin LL-2 produced by Lactococcus lactis LLA-2.0. The precursor to native bacteriocin LL-2 is extensively modified by post-translational mechanisms. Serine and threonine residues are dehydrated and lanthionine and methyl-lanthionine sulfur bridges are formed between cysteine and several of the dehydrated serine and threonine residues. The synthesized peptide has greater anti-bacterial action against Listeria monocytogenes, than did the native, post-translationally modified protein LL-2. Antibacterial activity against several beneficial food lactobacterial strains was absent, so that the peptide is of value as a food preservative against L. monocytogenes.

Abstract: An isolated DNA of a Lactococcus lactis showing a SEQ ID NO: 1 encoding a restriction and twp modification enzymes (R/M SEQ ID NO: 2, 3 and 4). The isolated DNA is used to transform sensitive dairy cultures, such as Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus, to provide phage resistance. Escherichia coli can be used to produce endonucleases.

Abstract: A novel bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis NRRL-B-18535 is described. The bacteriocin is useful in foods and other materials and has a wide spectrum of activity against Gram-positive bacteria in a pH range between 2 and 8.

Abstract: A bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis NRRL-B-18535 is described. The bacteriocin is useful in foods and other materials and has a wide spectrum of activity against Gram-positive bacteria in a pH range between 2 and 8.

Abstract: DNA encoding phage resistance protein which aborts infection by the phage, designated as AbiE. The DNA which is contained in a Lactococcus lactis deposited as NRRL-B-21443 and described in SEQ ID NO: 1, is incorporated into a bacterium to encode the AbiE and provide phage resistance. Lactococcus and other bacteria encoding the AbiE are useful in industrial fermentations wherein phage are a problem.

Abstract: A method of making a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis NRRL-B-18535 is described. The bacteriocin is useful in foods and other materials and has a wide spectrum of activity against Gram-positive bacteria in a pH range between 2 and 8.

Abstract: A group N Lactococcus which produces two or more bacteriocins from different Lactococcus are described. Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis 18922 with DNA encoding two bacteriocins from different Lactococcus is particularly disclosed for use in foods to inhibit Lactobacillus casei and other food contaminants. Bacteriocin containing compositions, bacterial mixtures and method of use in foods are also described.

Abstract: Isolation and identification of a gene encoding for a bacteriocin precursor in Pediococcus acidilactici, cloning of the gene in a vector plasmid and transformation to bacteria is described. The bacteriocin is particularly useful for inhibiting Listeria in food products.

Abstract: Isolation and identification of a gene encoding for a bacteriocin precursor in Pediococcus acidilactici, cloning of the gene in a vector plasmid and transformation to bacteria is described. The bacteriocin is particularly useful for inhibiting Listeria in food products.

Abstract: A method for providing fungal inhibition using Lactobacillus casei var. rhamnosus which produces an antifungal substance is described. Bacterial compositions of LCR are also described. The method and compositions are particularly useful for producing fermented foods.

Abstract: A method for producing a novel antifungal product from a Pediococcus species is described. The preferred product (AFP) comprises a compound which contains valine and lactic acid and has a molecular weight of less than about 500 daltons. The product (AFP) is particularly useful in retarding fungal growth in foods and other materials in need thereof.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting Listeria monocytogenes in a food or other material which can be contaminated with this pathogen using a bacteriocin produced by DNA in Pediococcus acidilactici is described. The bacteriocin is particularly produced by Pediococcus acidilactici containing a 6.2 Mdal (9.4 Kilobase pairs) plasmid encoding for the bacteriocin.

Abstract: A mixture of Pseudomonas putida one having plasmids encoding the camphor (CAM) and toluene (TOL) degradation and the other having a plasmid encoding for naphthalene (NAH) degradation is described. The mixture is more effective than either Pseudomonas putida alone or than a single Pseudomonas putida with three related plasmids which encode for the degradation of CAM, TOL and NAH.

Abstract: A method for producing a novel antifungal product from a Pediococcus species is described. The preferred product (AFP) comprises a compound which contains valine and lactic acid and has a molecular weight of less than about 500 daltons. The product (AFP) is particularly useful in retarding fungal growth in foods and other materials in need thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a novel antifungal product from a Pediococcus species is described. The preferred product (AFP) comprises a compound which contains valine and lactic acid and has a molecular weight of less than about 500 daltons. The product (AFP) is particularly useful in retarding fungal growth in foods and other materials in need thereof.

Abstract: A method for degrading linalool using Pseudomonas strains is described. Also described are novel Pseudomons putida strains which degrade linalool and in some instances geraniol and citronellol. A method for producing 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-one using certain novel strains is also described.

Abstract: A process for degrading volatile halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms using Pseudomonas fluorescens NRRL-B-18296 is described. The method preferably uses a carbon source, such as glucose or molasses, which stimulates the bacterium to degrade the hydrocarbons and which is readily degraded in the environment so that the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is degraded to carbon dioxide, water and hydrochloric acid so that no toxic residues are produced.

Abstract: A segment of a bacteriophage encoding for a polysaccharide depolymerase which has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli is described. In particular, bacteriophage ERA103 was found to consist of five EcoRI fragments labeled: A, 7.5-kb; B, 5.0-kb; C, 2.7-kb; D, 2.1-kb and E, 1.8-kb. Fragment B encodes for the depolymerase and was cloned into the positive-selection vector pOP203(A.sub.2.sup.+), pBR322 and the expression vector pKK223-3. The depolymerase is applied to rosaceous plants to prevent Fireblight caused by Erwinia amylovora by depolymerizing a polysaccharide produced by this bacteria.

Abstract: A method for degrading linalool using Pseudomonas strains is described. Also described are novel Pseudomonas putida strains which degrade linalool and in some instances geraniol and citronellol. A method for producing 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-one using certain novel strains is also described.

Abstract: A method and compositions for the treatment of fireblight disease in plants are described. The compositions include a phage for Erwinia amylovora which produces fireblight and an enzyme produced by the phage which depolymerizes a polysaccharide produced by Erwinia amylovora which is the cause of the fireblight disease. Purified enzyme preparations are described.