Abstract: The present invention relates to a new concept in measuring the dissolved gas levels in supersaturated liquid streams. In particular, the new device is specifically applicable to the measurement of carbonation levels in soft drinks. The measurement is made by permitting the beverage to escape from the pressurized container to atmospheric pressure through a thin tubing. The gas escaping from the supersaturated beverage separates the liquid stream into alternating gas and liquid segments. The relative long term average length of the segments is directly related to the CO2 content of the beverage. The instrument is simple to operate, inexpensive, and needs no calibration; it is easily adaptable to presently used laboratory equipment, and is useful in production process control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new concept in measuring the dissolved gas levels in supersaturated liquid streams. In particular, the new device is specifically applicable to the measurement of carbonation levels in soft drinks. The measurement is made by permitting the beverage to escape from the pressurized container to atmospheric pressure through a thin tubing. The gas escaping from the supersaturated beverage separates the liquid stream into alternating gas and liquid segments. The relative long term average length of the segments is directly related to the CO2 content of the beverage. The instrument is simple to operate, inexpensive, and needs no calibration; it is easily adaptable to presently used laboratory equipment, and is useful in production process control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the design and manufacture of sport rackets, and in particular to those of tennis rackets. The improvements herein also apply to rackets used as toys and for games. Particular focus is on the design of the string surface of the racket utilizing pre-woven strings, which necessitates a radical redesign of the racket assembly and the manufacturing process. The redesign also implies a change in the marketing of the racket and the strings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable emulsion system comprising a native protein/alkylene glycol alginate complex stabilizer. The emulsifying system is particularly suited for employment in acidic beverages, food comestibles and personal care products which require stable oil-in-water emulsions.

Abstract: Newspapers are collated with materials which vary as a function of the characteristics of the readers of the newspapers. For example, a newspaper for a reader having a credit card for a particular business establishment would include an insert which is an advertisement for the business establishment. A newspaper for a reader who did not have a credit card for the business establishment would not include the advertisement. Indicia identifying the reader for whom each newspaper is intended is printed on the jacket of the newspaper during the process of collating the newspaper. Further indicia may be applied onto inserts appropriate to the intended reader and/or advertiser.

Abstract: A circuit compensates backlash of a shaft on an incremental encoder having a quadrature and index pulse output lines. Quadrature is represented as two signal lines phased apart by 90 degrees and an index pulse occurring once per revolution of the encoder shaft. The logical combination of the quadrature signals produce a four state condition which, through sequential examination of the signal levels, allows discriminating circuitry to determine the rotational direction of the encoder shaft. The circuit allows the definition of clockwise or counterclockwise rotation as being the forward direction. When the circuit discerns the positive forward rotational progression of the two signal lines, the circuit passes such signals unaltered to a pulse responsive system. Upon discernment of an encoder's shaft reverse rotation, the circuit causes the last forward rotational quadrature state to be latched on its output lines.

Abstract: An improved newspaper handling apparatus and method enables newspapers to be formed in a sequence which is the same as the sequence in which newspapers are to be delivered to different addresses along a delivery route. Therefore, newspapers containing inserts for readers having particular characteristics can be formed and indicia corresponding to addresses along a delivery route printed on the newspapers in a sequence which is the same as the sequence in which the newspapers are delivered to the different addresses along the delivery route. During the forming of the newspapers, collating spaces are moved past hoppers from which inserts are fed. The completed newspapers are transferred from the collating spaces to a discharge conveyor in a sequence which corresponds to the sequence in which newspapers are to be delivered to different addresses along a delivery route.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the separation of color solids from caramelized carbohydrate solutions by the use of ultrafiltration, and more particularly, to a continuous process for separation of these solids into a color fraction and a non-color fraction with recycle of the non-color fraction to produce color bodies having an acceptable flavor for use in beverages or food.

Abstract: Microemulsions of edible oils in a matrix of water and certain alcohols are prepared using certain edible surfactants for use in various products such as beverages.