Abstract: A process for preparing a printed substrate which comprises: (a) printing the desired pattern on to a release film, (b) adhering a substrate layer to the patterned side of the printed release film substrate, and (c) removing the release film, thereby producing a substrate bearing a print, the flatness of the surface of which corresponds to that of the film.

Abstract: There is disclosed a biosensor comprising a conducting surface, a layer of dielectric material overlying the conducting surface, a plurality of micro electrodes constituted by a plurality of pores extending through the thickness of said dielectric layer, a biopolymer positioned on the conducting surface in said pores, and a counter electrode arranged such that electrical connection can be made between it and at least part of said conducting surface by a fluid to be assessed. Such a device can be made using a method comprising the steps of providing a conducting surface; providing a layer of dielectric material adjacent to said conducting surface, said dielectric material comprising a plurality of pores extending through the thickness of the dielectric layer; providing a biopolymer on the conducting surface in said pores; and providing a counter electrode insulated from said conducting surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to the fabrication of IMPATT diodes. The invention discloses a specific sequence of steps and enables diodes to be mass produced without technological variations.