Abstract: The number of measurements needed to calibrate an electrical device is reduced. Apparatus and methods minimize output of one or more unwanted signals by determining a calibration setting, in a minimal number of measurements, from determined distances to a best setting. Each distance to a best setting can be determined as a function of the characteristic of the unwanted signal and the measured unwanted signal level. A calibration setting point can be determined by searching for a setting point having a lowest sum of distance errors determined from the calculated distances and from the measured and non measured setting points. The techniques and apparatus are useful for minimizing a number of measurements that would be needed for determining a setting that substantially prevents generation of unwanted output signals, such as carrier leakage (LO-leakage) and unwanted sidebands, and for quickly determining whether an acceptable calibration setting exists for a device.

Abstract: A radio base station (104) is described herein that measures a round-trip-time (RTT) which is the time it takes an uplink (UL) control frame (109a) to travel to a radio network controller (102)) and a downlink (DL) control frame (109b) to travel back from the radio network controller (102). If the measured RTT is greater than a predetermined threshold, then the radio base station (104) can correct a problem associated with too long of a RTT by reducing the bit rate of a certain high-speed (HS) user flow or by reducing the maximum bit rate for all of the HS traffic which is going to be sent by the radio network controller (102) over the transport link (106) to the radio base station (104.

Abstract: There is provided a device for transferring a pattern from a stamp to a substrate, provided with a moldable film, by pressing the stamp and the substrate against each other. The device comprises at least one fixture for retaining a planar object such as the stamp or the substrate. The device is distinguished in that it comprises a heating element for heating the planar object, and measuring arrangement for determining a change in the size of the planar object due to the heating.

Abstract: A heart stimulator has a pulse generator which emits stimulation pulses of different amplitudes, which are delivered to a patient's heart via a lead connected to the pulse generator. The pulse generator is controlled by a control unit, in a procedure for determining a stimulation threshold value, to emit stimulation pulses of successively unidirectionally changing amplitudes. Each stimulation pulse is followed by a test pulse having a predetermined high, constant amplitude delivered in a period corresponding to the refractory period after the preceding stimulation pulse. Each test pulse has an amplitude sufficient to capture a non-refractory heart. A measurement unit is connected to the electrode lead, and measures a signal picked up by the lead after each test pulse. The measured signals are supplied to a comparator, which compares the signals following the test pulses with each other.

Abstract: A device (4) for transferring a pattern to an object (2). The invention relates especially to production of micro and nanostructures. The device comprises an alignment means (10) arranged in connection with a first contacting means (7) for controlling the motion of the first stamp (8) in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction (A), and a second contacting means (11) having a second stamp (12) adapted to imprint a second pattern in the second surface (6) of the object (2), and a pressing means (9) further adapted to press the second stamp (12) into contact with the second surface (6) of the object (2) in the pressing direction (A). Hereby is obtained a device of a simple design, which has a high accuracy of the alignment of the stamps in relation to the object.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber, an energy beam generator emitting an energy beam for recording information on a substrate in the vacuum chamber, a spindle motor rotating the substrate in the vacuum chamber, a movable holder disposed in the vacuum chamber for carrying the spindle motor, and a feed motor unit connected to the movable holder for linearly moving the substrate in a vacuum atmosphere within the vacuum chamber. The holder, the vacuum chamber, and the energy beam generator are fixed to a common plate-shaped base member. The feed motor unit is connected to the movable holder by means of a hollow rod, a flexible sleeve element being provided over the rod between the feed motor unit and the vacuum chamber wall.

Abstract: The number of measurements needed to calibrate an electrical device is reduced. Apparatus and methods minimize output of one or more unwanted signals by determining a calibration setting, in a minimal number of measurements, from determined distances to a best setting. Each distance to a best setting can be determined as a function of the characteristic of the unwanted signal and the measured unwanted signal level. A calibration setting point can be determined by searching for a setting point having a lowest sum of distance errors determined from the calculated distances and from the measured and non measured setting points. The techniques and apparatus are useful for minimizing a number of measurements that would be needed for determining a setting that substantially prevents generation of unwanted output signals, such as carrier leakage (LO-leakage) and unwanted sidebands, and for quickly determining whether an acceptable calibration setting exists for a device.

Abstract: There is provided a device for transferring a pattern from a stamp to a substrate, provided with a moldable film, by pressing the stamp and the substrate against each other. The device comprises at least one fixture for retaining a planar object such as the stamp or the substrate. The device is distinguished in that it comprises a heating element for heating the planar object, and measuring arrangement for determining a change in the size of the planar object due to the heating.

Abstract: A heart stimulator has an evoked response detector which determines evoked response in the presence of polarization. To determine the magnitude of the polarization for different stimulation amplitudes, the electrode signals picked up by a lead after the delivery of a stimulation pulse having a selected amplitude are measured. A polarization signal is obtained from the picked up signals, and this polarization signal, with modification, is subtracted from signals picked up following subsequently emitted stimulation pulses. Dependent on the subtraction result, a determination is made as to whether an evoked response has occurred.

Abstract: A heart stimulator has an evoked response detector for determining evoked response in the presence of polarization. The heart stimulator produces stimulation pulses of different amplitudes via a lead introduced to the heart of the patient. The evoked response detector measures an electrode signal picked up by the lead after each stimulation pulse. In order to set an evoked response threshold value, the pulse generator of the stimulator is controlled to deliver at least two stimulation pulses with different amplitudes, at least one of these stimulation pulses having a high amplitude that exceeds the stimulation threshold value. A measuring unit in the evoked response detector measures the picked up electrode signals, and a calculating unit in the evoked response detector calculates the polarization for the high stimulation amplitude and identifies a measured electrode signal for the lowest possible stimulation amplitude from the measured electrode signals.

Abstract: A guide assembly for guiding a flexible element such as a seat belt relatively to a support such as a seat frame (1), comprises a mounting member (3) having an aperture for receiving an escutcheon member (4) for trimming an orifice through which the element is to pass. The mounting (3) and escutcheon member (4) are divided to enable lateral insertion of the flexible element therein, and the mounting (3) holds the divided escutcheon member together when the latter is inserted therein. The assembly may be supplemented by a divided guide conduit (5).

Abstract: An information recording apparatus comprises a vacuum chamber, an energy beam generator emitting an energy beam for recording information on a substrate in the vacuum chamber, a spindle motor rotating the substrate in the vacuum chamber, a movable holder disposed in the vacuum chamber for carrying the spindle motor, and a feed motor unit connected to the movable holder for linearly moving the substrate in a vacuum atmosphere within the vacuum chamber. The holder, the vacuum chamber, and the energy beam generator are fixed to a common plate-shaped base member. The feed motor unit is connected to the movable holder by means of a hollow rod, a flexible sleeve element being provided over the rod between the feed motor unit and the vacuum chamber wall.

Abstract: A motion sensor unit (11) is intended to be carried by a domestic animal. The motion sensor unit (11) operates in parallel to and independently of a conventional transponder unit (1). The motion sensor unit (11) contains a motion detector (14) for measuring the activity of the animal by providing electrical pulses when the animal moves. Each hour is subdivided in a number of intervals in each one of which it is determined if the activity has exceeded a certain threshold. If it is the case, a count value is incremented. The count value is then transmitted once each hour and in addition also the count values of all the 23 previous hours. By transmitting repeatedly such information a good safety is obtained in the reception of the information signal, and this information can be used for complicated evaluation processing in a processor (7) or a supplementary personal computer (9).

Abstract: An evoked response detector for a heart stimulator determines evoked response in the presence of polarization. The heart stimulator has a pulse generator which produces stimulation pulses of varying amplitudes, and a lead adapted for introduction into the heart of a patient is connected to the pulse generator for delivering stimulation pulses to the heart. The evoked response detector includes measuring and memory circuitry for measuring and storing the electrode signals picked up by the lead in response to the delivered stimulation pulses, at least one of these stimulation pulses having a sufficiently high amplitude for obtaining capture. Each measured electrode signal contains two signal components, one of these signal components being proportional to the amplitude of the associated stimulation pulse and the other signal component being substantially constant, independent of the associated stimulation pulse amplitude.

Abstract: A back-up pulse generator for a pacemaker having a first energy storing component for storing energy to be delivered in a stimulation pulse and connectable to means for conducting the stimulation pulse to the heart, the back-up pulse generator including a back-up pulse energy storing component for emitting a back-up pulse after a failure to sense an evoked response from a preceding stimulation pulse. The back-up pulse energy storing component substantially permanently stores energy at a higher voltage than the energy stored in the first energy storing component.

Abstract: A pacemaker contains at least one power-consuming component, such as a sensor with associated electronic circuitry for controlling the pacemaker function or a heart signal detector, and an electrode system for emitting heart stimulation pulses. The power-consuming component is disenabled prior to implantation of the pacemaker. Circuitry is provided for enabling the power-consuming component which is responsive to an event occurring substantially simultaneously with pacemaker implantation in the patient. Such circuitry may include a device for measuring the electrode impedance so as to enable the power-consuming component in response to the measured impedance value. The circuitry for enabling the power-consuming component can alternatively includes internal telemetry equipment in the pacemaker and external telemetry equipment for communications between the telemetry equipments.

Abstract: A device for biological tissue stimulation continually undertakes an evaluation of the stimulation sensitivity of the biological tissue to be stimulated, so that the stimulation energy can be set at a level just high enough to evoke a tissue response. Each evaluation ensues by stimulating the tissue with progressively lower energy levels, until no tissue response is detected. In order to improve matching of the stimulation energy to the varying stimulation sensitivity, and to keep the number of unsuccessful stimulation attempts, which occur during each evaluation, low, a device is disclosed wherein calculation of the stimulation sensitivity occurs at periodic time intervals, each time interval having a duration which is selected dependent on the variation in the stimulation sensitivity between the two most recently occurring calculations of the stimulation sensitivity. The device may be, for example, a heart pacemaker. A method for tissue stimulation is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for stimulating living tissue delivers a stimulating pulse with a predetermined stimulating pulse amplitude and a stimulating pulse duration. Each stimulating pulse is separated by a stimulating pulse time interval, which is controlled by a control device. Maintenance of the predetermined stimulating pulse amplitude is undertaken by continuous control of the stimulating pulse time interval by means of the control device, which increases the value of a predetermined minimum stimulating pulse time interval to a new value if the time period, from the time when the voltage across an output capacitor reaches the value of the stimulating pulse amplitude until the time when the stimulating pulse is delivered, is shorter than a safety time interval established by the control device.