Abstract: The invention pertains to an isosorbide derivative having at least one polymerizable group, characterized in that the isosorbide derivative further comprises at least one photo-convertible group for adjusting the helical twisting power of the isosorbide derivative. According to a preferred embodiment the isosorbide has the formula wherein A stands for a bond or a p-phenylene group; B and B? are independently O—(CH2)oO—CO—CR??CH2, o being 2-12 and R? being H or CH3; P stands for a CH2 or a C?O group; Q and Q? are independently selected from H, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, halogen, and CN; n is an integer from 1 to 3; and m is an integer from 0 to 2.

Abstract: An observer-adaptive autostereoscopic display system (100) comprises a display device (102) having a screen for displaying an image and a shutter (204) being electronically controlled to have transparent (230) and non transparent segments (228, 232, 234) which alternate time-sequentially in synchronism with the display device (102). The shutter (204) is designed to block light that is traveling in arbitrary directions but to let pass light which goes from the display device to predetermined positions and which is bent by lenses (208-226) of a first (202) and a second grid (206) of lenses. The lenses (208-226) are disposed in the first (202) and the second grid (206) at a predetermined pitch distance which is substantially equal to a pixel width of the image.

Abstract: Compacting, fully enclosed, floored combination multi-antechamber and ramp system for emergency and civil defense use providing, when expanded, means of ingress and egress for the general population including the infected, wounded and handicapped to and from buildings or other folding structures via portals to which its adapter may be securely attached or retrofit while passing through a series of two or more antechambers so as to prevent spreading contamination and allow for various decontamination protocols to be conducted in separate chambers. Compacting is achieved by modularity in some embodiments, and folding in other embodiments, in both framed and panel versions, providing important advantages for transport, pre-positioning, storage, and warehousing.

Abstract: A method of generating a depth map (122) comprising depth values representing distances to a viewer, for respective pixels of an image (100), is disclosed. The method comprises: determining a contour (106) on basis of pixel values of the image (100), the contour comprising a collection of adjacent points; computing curvature vectors (108 114) at a number of the points; and assigning a first one of the depth values corresponding to the first one of the pixels on basis of the curvature vectors (108-114).

Abstract: A method of generating a depth map (122) comprising depth values representing distances to a viewer, for respective pixels of an image (100), is disclosed. The method comprises: computing a cost value for a first one of the pixels (108) of the image by combining differences between values of pixels which are disposed on a path (112) from the first one of the pixels (108) to a second one of the pixels (110) which belongs to a predetermined subset of the pixels of the image; and assigning a first one of the depth values corresponding to the first one of the pixels (108) on basis of the cost value.

Abstract: A system comprises a 3-D display device with a display screen, a means for addressing the 3-D screen, and a renderer having an input for a 3-D model and an input for at least one viewpoint for rendering image information for supply to the addressing means. The renderer comprises an initial part (70) having an input for the 3-D model and for a main view point for rendering objects in the form of a main view point Z-stack (91, 94) comprising stack layers (S1, S2, S3) comprising RGB and Z-values, the renderer further comprising a Z-stack constructor in which, from the main view point Z-stack (91,94) generated by the initial stage, Z-stacks (97) for additional viewpoints are constructed, and a further image information occlusion semantics stage for generating image information (79) from the Z-stacks (97).

Abstract: A method of scaling a three-dimensional model (100) into a scaled three-dimensional model (108) in a dimension which is related with depth which method is based on properties of human visual perception. The method is based on discrimination or distinguishing between relevant parts of the information represented by the three-dimensional model for which the human visual perception is sensitive and in irrelevant parts of the information represented by the three-dimensional model for which the human visual perception is insensitive. Properties of the human visual perception are e.g. sensitivity to a discontinuity in a signal representing depth and sensitivity to a difference of luminance values between neighboring pixels of a two-dimensional view of the three-dimensional model.

Abstract: A method of scaling a three-dimensional input model (200-208) into a scaled three-dimensional output model (210-224) is disclosed. The method comprises determining for portions of the three-dimensional input model respective probabilities that the corresponding portions of the scaled three-dimensional output model are visible in a two-dimensional view of the scaled three-dimensional output model and geometrically transforming portions of the three-dimensional input model into the respective portions of the scaled three-dimensional output model on basis of the respective probabilities. The determining of probability of visibility is based on a projection of the three-dimensional input model in a viewing direction. By taking into account that some portions are not visible, no depth-range is wasted.

Abstract: Disclosed in an image processing unit for generating, based on a plurality of input images, a first output image and a second output image, to be displayed on a stereoscopic display device, wherein a stereoscopic image and a monoscopic image can be displayed. The image processing unit including an offset calculator designed to calculate an offset image based on a first one of the input images, an addition unit designed to calculate the first output image by adding the offset image with a second one of the input images and a subtraction unit designed to calculate the second output image by subtracting the offset image from the second one of the input images.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for acquiring a substantially complete depth map from a 3-D scene. Both depth values and derivates of depth values may be used to calculate a pixel dense depth map with the steps of acquiring partial depth map from said 3-D scene, acquiring derivates of depth information from said scene, and extending said partial depth map by adding non-relevant information to said partial depth map, creating a pixel dense full depth map being spatially consistent with both said partial depth map and said derivates of depth information.

Abstract: It is possible to inactivate the early stage of lipid A synthesis of mucosal gram negative bacteria without compromising cell viability. In particular the lpxA gene in N. meningitidis was mutated and resulting lpxA knockout mutants were found to be completely lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-deficient. The major outer membrane proteins (OMPs) were detected in normal amounts. The finding provides important implications for understanding of structure and biogenesis of the outer membrane. On a practical level, the availability of LPS-deficient mutants of pathogenic mucosal bacteria such as N. meningitidis opens up new avenues to vaccine development. It enables easy isolation of endotoxin-free purified proteins, outer membranes or even whole-cell preparations for use in immunisation.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for visualisation of a 3-dimensional (3-D) scene model of a 3-D image, with a 3-D display plane comprising 3-D pixels by emitting and/or transmitting light into certain directions by said 3-D pixels, thus visualising 3-D scene points. The calculation of the 3-D image is provided such that said 3-D scene model is converted into a plurality of 3-D scene points, said 3-D scene points are fed at least partially to at least one of said 3-D pixels, said at least one 3-D pixel calculates its contribution to the visualisation of a 3-D scene point.

Abstract: A display system (100) for displaying images from different data streams (1,2) simultaneously is described. Images corresponding to the first data stream (1) are shown to a first observer (106) in a vehicle and images corresponding to the second data stream (2) are shown to a second observer (108) in the vehicle. The display system (100) comprises: a display screen (102) for generating a first one of the images and a second one of the images; and an optical selction screen (104) for selectively passing the first one of the images in a first direction (101) towards the first observer (106) and passing the second one of the images in a second direction (103) towards the second observer (108). It is advantageously that the display screen (102) generates images from both data streams (1,2).

Abstract: Method of transforming a voxel representation of an N-dimensional object into a computer model containing a cellular space, which is a specific form of graph. An indicator attached to each edge of the cellular space indicates whether a border belongs to an object. This is useful for three-dimensional compression of video sequences and for Internet video sequence search.

Abstract: A method of scaling a three-dimensional model (100) into a scaled three-dimensional model (100) in a dimension which is related with depth which method is based on properties of human visual perception. The method is based on discrimination or distinguishing between relevant parts of the information represented by the three-dimensional model for which the human visual perception is sensitive and in irrelevant parts of the information represented by the three-dimensional model for which the human visual perception is insensitive. Properties of the human visual perception are e.g. sensitivity to a discontinuity in a signal representing depth and sensitivity to a difference of luminance values between neighboring pixels of a two-dimensional view of the three-dimensional model.

Abstract: The stereoscopic display apparatus (300) comprises a source of illumination (101, 103) for emitting light, an imaging system (104) for imaging the source of illumination at a viewing region, a spatial light modulator (106) for modulating light from the source of illumination (101, 103) with two-dimensional images, and a control unit (108) for controlling a relative position of the “active” source of illumination (101, 103) related to the imaging system (104).

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, comprising at least one retardation film (4), a nematic liquid crystal layer (5), and a light reflecting RGB patterned cholesteric color filter (6), for reflecting either essentially left-circular or right-circular polarized light, being characterized in that said liquid crystal layer (5) is a super twisted nematic liquid crystal layer having a twist angle in the interval 180-270 degrees, and in that the summed retardation R of the retardation film or retardation films and the liquid crystal layer is equal to approximately R=(3+2n)&lgr;/4, where n=0,1,2,3 . . . .

Abstract: Disclosed is a visual communication signal (32) which comprises image model information (10) for generating 3-D images. The image model information (10) may comprise a 3-D image model, e.g. a 3-D wireframe model or a 3-D voxel map. Some of the generated 3-D images may have a relatively low image quality. The visual communication signal (32) further comprises image enhancement information (20) corresponding to at least part of the 3-D images for enhancing the image quality of the generated 3-D images. This image enhancement information (20) may comprise image information corresponding to one or more single viewpoints (22,24) and/or image information corresponding to one or more ranges of viewpoints (26,28). The visual communication signal (32) may be transmitted from a transmitter (30) to a receiver (34) in a visual communication system (40) such as a 3-D television system or a 3-D teleconferencing system. Alternatively, the visual communication signal (32) may be carried by a tangible medium, e.g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotation angle measuring device for an electrical machine. To provide a simple and compact measuring device of this kind, the invention provides for the commutator of the machine to be magnetized and for the magnetic field which rotates with the commutator to be evaluated by means of a suitable sensor. Advantageous improvements relate to a suitable structure for the commutator.

Abstract: A method of and a device for automatically milking one animal selected from a group of animals, a milking criterion being established for a milking-related action, and a desired cumulative amount of milk to be produced by the group of animals being established. The milking criterion is adapted with the aid of the cumulative amount produced and the cumulative amount desired.