Abstract: A battery pack assembly includes a first cell stack having a first side and a second side. The first side is transverse to the second side. A second cell stack is adjacent the first side of first cell stack. A divider has a barrier portion and an attachment portion. The barrier portion is disposed between the first side of the first cell stack and the second cell stack. The attachment portion is secured directly to the second side of the first cell stack.

Abstract: A size M×N sparse matrix, including zero values, is multiplied with a size N vector, using a processor arrangement. A data storage linked to the processor arrangement stores the matrix in a compressed formal. Zero values are not stored. The data storage stores the vector as vector parts, each of a respective size Ki, 1<Ki<N and i=1 . . . P. A vector part comprises a vector element in common with another vector part. Each vector part is stored in a distinct memory block. Each of a plurality of the non-zero values of a matrix row is associated with a memory block storing an element of the vector having an index corresponding with a respective index of the non-zero value. The processor arrangement multiplies, in parallel, each of the plurality of the non-zero values of the matrix row by the respective vector element having a corresponding index stored in the associated memory block.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A size M×N sparse matrix, including zero values, is multiplied with a size N vector, using a processor arrangement. A data storage linked to the processor arrangement stores the matrix in a compressed formal. Zero values are not stored. The data storage stores the vector as vector parts, each of a respective size Ki, 1<Ki<N and i=1 . . . P. A vector part comprises a vector element in common with another vector part. Each vector part is stored in a distinct memory block. Each of a plurality of the non-zero values of a matrix row is associated with a memory block storing an element of the vector having an index corresponding with a respective index of the non-zero value. The processor arrangement multiplies, in parallel, each of the plurality of the non-zero values of the matrix row by the respective vector element having a corresponding index stored in the associated memory block.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: An expiratory limb for a breathing circuit includes an enclosing wall defining a flexible singular expiratory flow passage between an inlet and an outlet and bounding the flexible singular expiratory flow passage and ambient air. The expiratory limb includes one or more regions of the enclosing wall that made from a material that allows passage of water vapor without allowing passage of liquid water, thereby forming a water vapor flow path from the flexible singular expiratory flow passage to the ambient air through the material. The expiratory limb is configured to allow diffusion of water vapor along the flexible singular expiratory flow passage and dry the flow of expiratory gases between the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: An expiratory limb for a breathing circuit includes an enclosing wall defining a flexible singular expiratory flow passage between an inlet and an outlet and bounding the flexible singular expiratory flow passage and ambient air. The expiratory limb includes one or more regions of the enclosing wall that made from a material that allows passage of water vapor without allowing passage of liquid water, thereby forming a water vapor flow path from the flexible singular expiratory flow passage to the ambient air through the material. The expiratory limb is configured to allow diffusion of water vapor along the flexible singular expiratory flow passage and dry the flow of expiratory gases between the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: An expiratory limb for a breathing circuit includes an enclosing wall defining a flexible singular expiratory flow passage between an inlet and an outlet and bounding the flexible singular expiratory flow passage and ambient air. The expiratory limb includes one or more regions of the enclosing wall that made from a material that allows passage of water vapor without allowing passage of liquid water, thereby forming a water vapor flow path from the flexible singular expiratory flow passage to the ambient air through the material. The expiratory limb is configured to allow diffusion of water vapor along the flexible singular expiratory flow passage and dry the flow of expiratory gases between the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A breathing circuit component includes an inlet, an outlet and an enclosing wall. The enclosing wall defines a gases passageway between the inlet and the outlet. At least a region of the enclosing wall is formed from a breathable material that allows the passage of water vapor without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases. The breathing circuit component may be the expiratory limb of a breathing circuit.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A breathing circuit component includes an inlet, an outlet and an enclosing wall. The enclosing wall defines a gases passageway between the inlet and the outlet. At least a region of the enclosing wall is formed from a breathable material that allows the passage of water vapor without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases. The breathing circuit component is the expiratory limb of a breathing circuit.

Abstract: A breathing circuit component includes an inlet, an outlet and an enclosing wall. The enclosing wall defines a gases passageway between the inlet and the outlet. At least a region of the enclosing wall is formed from a breathable material that allows the passage of water vapor without allowing the passage of liquid water or respiratory gases. The breathing circuit component may be the expiratory limb of a breathing circuit.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cast article including a frame that in use of the article defines an aperture; and a further component that is in use retained moveably captive relative to the frame. The method casts the further component and respective first and second frame members, the further component and the frame members being securable together to form the article, and subsequently assembles the frame members and the further component together to form the article. A gully grate results from practicing the method.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A method of conveying humid breathing gases from a patient through a breathable breathing tube. The breathing tube includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a portion of hydrophilic material. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic material. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.