Abstract: A method for the processing of a polyalphaolefin feedstock having a concentration of organic halide to thereby yield a polyalphaolefin end-product having a low concentration of organic halide. The method includes a hydrogenation step whereby the polyalphaolefin feedstock is contacted under suitable reaction conditions with a specific hydrogenation catalyst composition that is resistant to halide deactivation. The hydrogenation catalyst comprises a noble metal on a support material comprising silica and alumina. The hydrogenated polyalphaolefin feedstock is further processed to remove the hydrogen halide produced during the hydrogenation step to yield the polyalphaolefin end-product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a particulate catalyst containing at least one pyrophoric metal in reduced and optionally stabilized form and a metal oxide carrier and additionally containing paraffin wax, wherein the catalyst particles have a pore volume ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 cm3/g and the paraffin wax is present in an amount ranging from 30 to 95 vol %, basis the pore volume of the catalyst particles. In a preferred embodiment the paraffin wax contains an organic sulfur compound, in particular an organic polysulfide, in an amount ranging from 1 to 30 wt %. The present invention further provides a process for producing these particulate catalysts.

Abstract: The invention relates to highly active spherical metal support catalysts with a metal content of 10 to 70% by mass, and a process for their production with the use of a mixture of polysaccharides and at least one metal compound which is dropped into a metal salt solution.

Abstract: In a method for fault tracing in automatically operating electronic measurement and test arrangements for a large number of electrochemical elements, cell simulators are inserted into the holders which are provided for the electrochemical elements. The external shape and size, including the electrical connections, of these cell simulators simulate an electrochemical element. They contain test electronics, whose behaviour with inverse polarity differs to a major extent from the behaviour with polarity based on the application. One cell simulator is activated and has a measurement current applied to it. The voltage and/or the voltage response on the cell simulator are/is then measured and are/is compared with the nominal voltage value predetermined for this cell simulator. The test electronics comprise at least a resistor and a diode connected in parallel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing galvanic elements having a liquid organic electrolyte that contain an electrode-separator assembly that has at least one lithium intercalating electrode in whose polymer matrix insoluble, electrochemically active materials are finely distributed in the polymer involved, the electrolyte contains about 2% to about 15% by weight of a hydrocarbon-oxygen compound (carbonate) that has a central carbon atom, to which one oxygen atom is doubly bonded and two oxygen are singly bonded, where the singly bonded oxygen is not saturated by any other atoms or groups and a hydrocarbon chain having a length of four carbon atoms or less is bonded to each of those singly bonded oxygen atoms and these two chains differ by at least one, but no more than three, CH2 groups, and this electrode-separator assembly is initially impregnated with this electrolyte, then cut to size, and subsequently inserted into a housing.

Abstract: In a method for leak testing of electrochemical elements which have a thin flexible housing that is composed of a metal sheet or a metal/plastic composite sheet, after assembly and if necessary after formation in a closed container, the electrochemical element is subjected to an increased pressure and then to a reduced pressure, and any change in thickness that occurs is measured. Alternatively, after assembly, formation and storage in a closed container, the electrochemical element is subjected to a reduced pressure, and any change in thickness that occurs is measured.

Abstract: The invention includes a rechargeable galvanic element with at least one lithium-intercalating electrode and a sealed thin flexible casing having two metal or composite metal/plastic sheets joined to each other by an adhesive or sealing layer. Inside the element, a PTC element is connected in series into one of the terminal leads. The PTC element is embedded inside the cell or into the edge of the element in the region of an adhesive or a sealing layer and is provided with a plastic coating resistant to organic electrolytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst which consists of a combination of zeolite and platinum or palladium on aluminum oxide. The catalyst is suitable for converting solid Fischer-Tropsch paraffins into microcrystalline waxes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a paste-like mass that can be used in electrochemical elements comprising a matrix comprising at least one organic polymer, precursors thereof, or prepolymers thereof, and an electrochemically activatable inorganic material that is not soluble in the matrix and that is in the form of a solid substance, whereby either (a) the mass comprises at least 60 vol. % (B) and, if (B) is an electrode material, (B) is worked into the matrix (A) without the assistance of a solvent or swelling agent or the matrix (A) also contains a plasticizer for the organic polymer, and the plasticizer is subsequently removed using a suitable solvent, (C) and/or (c) the mixture also contains a solid ion electron and/or mixed conductor that is different from (B) and that is present at least at the grain limits between (A) and (B) as a thin layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for passivating pyrophorous solids by using nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen under closely defined conditions to obtain a uniformly passivated solid.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst and a process for its production, wherein the catalyst can be used for the hydrogenation of nitro groups in nitroaromatics to form the corresponding amines in the presence of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst, in particular for the hydrogenation of functional groups of organic compounds in the presence of water, comprising nickel on a support, the catalyst being reduced and stabilized.

Abstract: An electrochemical element has at least one lithium-intercalating electrode and a thin flexible housing composed of two metal sheets, which rest directly on the electrodes and are connected to one another in a sealing manner via an adhesive or sealing layer. At least one of the metal sheets is provided on the outside with a plastic layer, which increases the robustness and strength. An adhesion layer is arranged between the metal sheet and the plastic layer. The metal sheet is composed, for example, of copper. The plastic layer is composed, for example, of polyimide. The adhesion layer is based, for example, on rubber.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrochemical element having at least one lithium-intercollating electrode and an organic electrolyte, at least one positive electrode, at least one negative electrode and at least one separator are joined together to form an element, with the separator being a porous matrix composed of at least about 60% by weight of a ceramic material A, which contains lithium ions, and a polymer as a binding agent. The resulting element is then introduced into a housing and impregnated with a liquid organic electrolyte B, whose conductive salt contains lithium ions, so that the ionic total conductivity of the separator is formed by adding the ion conductivities of A and B and the reciprocal of the specific contact resistance of the phase boundary between A and B, and is then closed such that it is sealed. A copolymer composed of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene is used as the binder polymer. Material A is a naturally occurring mineral.

Abstract: A process for preparing a catalyst which process comprises the steps of:

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a galvanic element including forming individual cells including electrode films laminated to a separator, wherein at least one of the electrodes is a lithium intercalating electrode with a polymer matrix in which electrochemically active materials are finely dispersed, wherein the electrochemically active materials are insoluble in the polymer, verifying the function of the individual cells by measuring impedance of the individual cells, and introducing an organic electrolyte into the cells to form the element.

Abstract: A thin, flat and flexible galvanic element, its metallic housing including a foil fabricated from a copper material having a copper content of at least about 95% by weight and a light-metal alloying additive, where the copper and alloying light metal differ in atomic number by at least 15, but no more than 26, and have melting points that differ by at least about 400° C., but no more than about 950° C., the alloying metal is monovalent to trivalent in compounds and modifies the face-centered cubic hard-sphere packing of the copper during alloying such that its mass density of about 8.94 g/cm3 is altered by at least about 0.03 g/cm3, and the foil has an adhesive coating on its side facing the interior of the housing.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing galvanic elements having a liquid organic electrolyte that contain an electrode-separator assembly that has at least one lithium intercalating electrode in whose polymer matrix insoluble, electrochemically active materials are finely distributed in the polymer involved, the electrolyte contains about 2% to about 15% by weight of a hydrocarbon-oxygen compound (carbonate) that has a central carbon atom, to which one oxygen atom is doubly bonded and two oxygen are singly bonded, where the singly bonded oxygen is not saturated by any other atoms or groups and a hydrocarbon chain having a length of four carbon atoms or less is bonded to each of those singly bonded oxygen atoms and these two chains differ by at least one, but no more than three, CH2 groups, and this electrode-separator assembly is initially impregnated with this electrolyte, then cut to size, and subsequently inserted into a housing.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the operational reliability of rechargeable lithium cells including measuring the cell voltage and cell temperature, the cell is discharged if a predetermined cell limit voltage (UG) and a predetermined ambient limit temperature TG are exceeded at the same time, until a predetermined lower voltage level or a predetermined lower ambient temperature is reached. A circuit for carrying out the method has a first threshold value switch which responds when a predetermined upper limit voltage (UG) is exceeded in the cell, and a second threshold value switch (C) which responds when a predetermined ambient temperature limit (TG) is exceeded, and has a logic circuit (E) which connects (G) the cell to a load when the first and second threshold value switches respond at the same time, wherein both threshold value switches (C, D) are configured such that they trip when a lower cell voltage or a lower ambient temperature is reached.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing electrode-separator assemblies for galvanic elements includes hot-lamination at temperatures close to the melting point or softening point of at least a portion of the surface of an electrode or separator to a separator or electrode, respectively.