Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with heat sensitivity are inserted by a monitoring system into drilling fluid pumped into a well. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by exposure to increasing levels of heat. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored. Each insertion timestamp indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of temperatures at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Suggested changes to be made to drilling parameters are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sensitivity are inserted by a monitoring system into drilling fluid pumped into a well. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by increasing H2S concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored. Each insertion timestamp indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of H2S levels at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to drilling parameters are suggested.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with chloride ion sensitivity are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by chlorine ion concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored. Each insertion timestamp indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymers are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of salinity in the drilling fluid is determined using continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to drilling parameters are suggested based on the estimate of the salinity.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with per-hydrogen (pH) sensitivity are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well during drilling. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by hydrogen ion concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored and indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of pH values at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using the continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to be made to drilling parameters are suggested.

Abstract: Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for determining well pressure. Units of pressure-responsive smart polymers are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well during a drilling operation. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored indicating times that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of drilling mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymers are captured by a camera. An estimate of a bottom hole pressure (BHP) at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using the continuous images, the observed characteristics, and the insertion timestamps associated with each unit of smart polymer. Determining the estimate is based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to be made to drilling parameters for the drilling operation are suggested based on the estimated BHP.

Abstract: Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for determining well pressure. Units of pressure-responsive smart polymers are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well during a drilling operation. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored indicating times that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of drilling mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymers are captured by a camera. An estimate of a bottom hole pressure (BHP) at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using the continuous images, the observed characteristics, and the insertion timestamps associated with each unit of smart polymer. Determining the estimate is based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to be made to drilling parameters for the drilling operation are suggested based on the estimated BHP.

Abstract: A cement emulsion comprising a cement, water, and carbon dioxide is provided. The carbon dioxide may be liquid or super critical and is dispersed in the cement emulsion composition. A method of producing a cement emulsion composition is also provided. The method includes mixing a cement and water to form a hydrated cement composition, and emulsifying the hydrated cement composition with liquid or supercritical CO2. An article comprising the cement emulsion composition is provided. Further, a method of treating a wellbore comprising producing a cement emulsion composition and pumping the cement emulsion composition into a wellbore, and a method of manufacturing an article comprising producing a cement emulsion composition and 3D printing the cement emulsion composition are also provided.

Abstract: A concrete emulsion comprising a cement, aggregate, water, and carbon dioxide is provided. The carbon dioxide may be liquid or super critical and is dispersed in the concrete emulsion composition. A method of producing a concrete emulsion composition is also provided. The method includes mixing a cement, aggregate, and water to form a hydrated concrete composition, and emulsifying the hydrated concrete composition with liquid or supercritical CO2. An article comprising the concrete emulsion composition is provided. Further, a method of treating a wellbore comprising producing a concrete emulsion composition and pumping the concrete emulsion composition into a wellbore, and a method of manufacturing an article comprising producing a concrete emulsion composition and 3D printing the concrete emulsion composition are also provided.

Abstract: A method of producing a nanosilica-containing cement formulation, the method comprising the steps of mixing an amount of a determinant nanosilica particle and a functional coating; applying a dynamic initiator to trigger a reversible reaction of the functional coating to produce a reversible cage, where the reversible cage surrounds the determinant nanosilica particle to produce an encapsulated nanosilica; and mixing the encapsulated nanosilica and a cement formulation to produce the nanosilica-containing cement formulation

Abstract: Methods for fabricating a multi-material composite structure are described. Methods for fabricating a multi-material composite structure include forming a first colloidal ink solution with a first material matrix, water, and a rheology modifying agent; forming a second colloidal ink solution with a second material matrix, water, and a rheology modifying agent; printing a first layer on a substrate using a first printing nozzle carrying the first colloidal ink solution; printing a second layer on top of the first layer using a second printing nozzle carrying the second colloidal ink solution; forming a 3D structure by printing a plurality of layers including the first layer and the second layer printed in an alternating pattern; and sintering the 3D structure to form the multi-material composite structure.

Abstract: A method of setting a wellbore fluid includes injecting a drilling fluid including water, cementitious material, a phosphonic acid derivative, a sulfonate acrylic acid copolymer, and zinc oxide into a wellbore; introducing sodium hexametaphosphate to the drilling fluid to form the wellbore fluid; allowing the sodium hexametaphosphate to dissolve phosphonate-calcium complexes between the phosphonic acid derivative and the cementitious material, thereby reducing the hydration time; and allowing the water and cementitious material to react, thereby curing the wellbore fluid and forming a cement.

Abstract: A method of producing a nanosilica-containing cement formulation, the method comprising the steps of mixing an amount of a determinant nanosilica particle and a functional coating; applying a dynamic initiator to trigger a reversible reaction of the functional coating to produce a reversible cage, where the reversible cage surrounds the determinant nanosilica particle to produce an encapsulated nanosilica; and mixing the encapsulated nanosilica and a cement formulation to produce the nanosilica-containing cement formulation.

Abstract: Compositions, systems and methods for use in monitoring an environment or a formation. The compositions can include electrically conductive material that can be used as a sensor. The sensor can have a non-writeable, writeable, and stimulated state. A first signal is used to induce the non-writeable material into a writeable state. In the writeable state, the electrically conductive material has the capacity for actuation in response to an orthogonal signal. In response to the orthogonal signal, the electrically conductive material then undergoes a conformation or shape change. The conformational or shape change induces a strain or actuation that can be used to generate a signal. The stimulated state can be reversible, and in the absence of the orthogonal signal the electrically conductive material may resume its original shape or conformation.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: This document relates to methods for improving the tensile and elastic properties of cement of an oil well using cement compositions that contain sliding-ring polymer additives. The cement compositions containing the sliding-ring polymer additives exhibit increased stiffness while having a minimum impact on compressive strength, as compared to the same cement without the sliding-ring polymer additive.

Abstract: A precursor cement slurry includes a cement powder, water, and an additive. The additive includes a cement bond enhancer and a non-aqueous fluid additive. The non-aqueous fluid additive is an internal phase and the cement bond enhancer stabilizes the non-aqueous fluid additive in the form of a Pickering emulsion within the precursor cement slurry. The cement bond enhancer is comprised of the reaction product of graphene oxide with an anchoring functionality. A method of forming the precursor cement slurry and a method of cementing an annular space within a wellbore are also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing a reversible hemiaminal or aminal gel composition for use in 3D printing, the method including preparing a liquid precursor composition, the liquid precursor composition operable to remain in a first liquid state at about room temperature, where the liquid precursor composition comprises: an organic amine composition; an aldehyde composition; a polar aprotic organic solvent; and a carbon nanomaterial; heating the liquid precursor composition to transition from the liquid state to a gel state; transitioning the gel state to a second liquid state; and 3D printing a solid carbon nanomaterial object comprising a solid printed gel from the second liquid state with a pre-determined orientation for the carbon nanomaterial.