Abstract: A cement emulsion comprising a cement, water, and carbon dioxide is provided. The carbon dioxide may be liquid or super critical and is dispersed in the cement emulsion composition. A method of producing a cement emulsion composition is also provided. The method includes mixing a cement and water to form a hydrated cement composition, and emulsifying the hydrated cement composition with liquid or supercritical CO2. An article comprising the cement emulsion composition is provided. Further, a method of treating a wellbore comprising producing a cement emulsion composition and pumping the cement emulsion composition into a wellbore, and a method of manufacturing an article comprising producing a cement emulsion composition and 3D printing the cement emulsion composition are also provided.

Abstract: This document relates to sealant compositions containing a sliding-ring polymer (polyrotaxane) additive and a polymeric matrix material. The sealant materials exhibit enhanced mechanical properties as compared to the same sealant composition that does not contain the additive. This document also relates to 3D-printed sealant compositions containing a sliding-ring polymer (polyrotaxane) additive and a polymeric matrix material.

Abstract: This document relates to shape memory compositions containing a sliding-ring polymer (polyrotaxane) additive and a thermally-curable epoxy resin. The shape memory compositions are able to deform and reform in response to external stimuli. This document also relates to 3D-printed shape memory compositions containing a sliding-ring polymer (polyrotaxane) additive and a thermally-curable epoxy resin.

Abstract: A method for remediating fractures in a cement structure including heating the cement structure to a temperature at or above the melting temperature of the eutectic metal alloy particles to allow the particles to flow in liquid state into the fractures in the cement structure until the heat source is discontinued, allowing the particles to cool and solidify.

Abstract: This document relates to epoxy compositions containing a sliding-ring polymer (polyrotaxane) additive and a thermally-curable epoxy resin. The epoxy compositions exhibit increased flexural toughness and impact resistance as compared to the same epoxy composition that does not contain the additive. This document also relates to 3D-printed epoxy compositions containing a sliding-ring polymer (polyrotaxane) additive and a thermally-curable epoxy resin.

Abstract: A reversible gel composition including nanosilica and polyethylene oxide, the nanosilica and polyethylene oxide present at concentrations operable to allow for the reversible gel composition to be a flowable liquid at pH greater than about 8 and operable to allow for the reversible gel composition to be a substantially solid gel at pH less than about 8.

Abstract: Fluid loss control additives for a cement slurry are provided. An exemplary fluid loss control additive includes a copolymer containing 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid monomer units and acryloylmorpholine monomer units, and a graft copolymer. The graft copolymer contains a humate and, grafted onto the humate, a side-chain polymer containing at least one of acrylamide monomer units, acryloylmorpholine monomer units, acrylic acid monomer units, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid monomer units.

Abstract: A composite material, methods for its fabrication and example applications. The composite material comprises a polymer having a carbon allotrope incorporated into the polymer's crystalline structure. The material is characterized by a crystallinity greater than the native crystallinity of the polymer in the absence of the carbon allotrope being incorporated into the polymer's crystalline structure. The composite material is non-laminate, substantially excludes metals, ceramics, and cermets, and is electrically conductive. The carbon allotrope serves as a bridge between a first region of the polymer and a second region of the polymer. The fabrication method involves mixing a powder of polymer and carbon allotrope particles, suspending the powder in a solvent, spinning the solution into fibers, and drawing the fibers into a composite material.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with per-hydrogen (pH) sensitivity are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well during drilling. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by hydrogen ion concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored and indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of pH values at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using the continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to be made to drilling parameters are suggested.

Abstract: A method of producing a nanosilica-containing cement formulation, the method comprising the steps of mixing an amount of a determinant nanosilica particle and a functional coating; applying a dynamic initiator to trigger a reversible reaction of the functional coating to produce a reversible cage, where the reversible cage surrounds the determinant nanosilica particle to produce an encapsulated nanosilica; and mixing the encapsulated nanosilica and a cement formulation to produce the nanosilica-containing cement formulation.

Abstract: A system and a method for generating carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced cementitious materials are provided. An exemplary method includes capturing carbon dioxide formed in while calcining cementitious precursors, converting the carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons, producing CNTs on the calcined cementitious precursors from the hydrocarbons, and forming CNT-reinforced, cementitious materials from the calcined cementitious precursors comprising the CNTs.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with per-hydrogen (pH) sensitivity are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well during drilling. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by hydrogen ion concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored and indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of pH values at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using the continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to be made to drilling parameters are suggested.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: A process for making a layered multi-material structural element having controlled mechanical failure characteristics. The process includes the steps of: supplying a cementitious layer and forming a polymer layer on the cementitious layer by additive manufacture such that the polymer layer has a first thickness and the cementitious layer has a second thickness, wherein the polymer layer comprises a polymer and the cementitious layer comprises a cementitious material; and allowing the polymer from the polymer layer to suffuse into the cementitious layer for a period of time to obtain a suffused zone in the cementitious layer such that the suffused zone has a third thickness that is less than half the second thickness.

Abstract: A system and a method for generating carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced cementitious materials are provided. An exemplary method includes capturing carbon dioxide formed in while calcining cementitious precursors, converting the carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons, producing CNTs on the calcined cementitious precursors from the hydrocarbons, and forming CNT-reinforced, cementitious materials from the calcined cementitious precursors comprising the CNTs.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sensitivity are inserted by a monitoring system into drilling fluid pumped into a well. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by increasing H2S concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored. Each insertion timestamp indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of H2S levels at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to drilling parameters are suggested.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with heat sensitivity are inserted by a monitoring system into drilling fluid pumped into a well. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by exposure to increasing levels of heat. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored. Each insertion timestamp indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of temperatures at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Suggested changes to be made to drilling parameters are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with chloride ion sensitivity are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by chlorine ion concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored. Each insertion timestamp indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymers are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of salinity in the drilling fluid is determined using continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to drilling parameters are suggested based on the estimate of the salinity.

Abstract: Systems and methods include techniques for using smart polymers. Units of smart polymers with per-hydrogen (pH) sensitivity are inserted into drilling fluid pumped into a well during drilling. The smart polymers are configured to be triggered by hydrogen ion concentrations. An insertion timestamp associated with each unit is stored and indicates a time that each unit was inserted. Continuous images and observed characteristics of returning mud exiting through an annulus of the well and containing the units of smart polymer are captured by a camera positioned at a sensing location and linked to the monitoring system. An estimate of pH values at a drill bit of the drilling operation is determined using the continuous images, observed characteristics, and insertion timestamps, and based at least in part on executing image processing algorithms, machine-learning models, and deep-learning models. Changes to be made to drilling parameters are suggested.