Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying a peptide for a query spectrum. The methods can involve receiving one or more parameters of a query spectrum; generating one or more candidate peptide sequences based on the one or more parameters of the query spectrum; generating a plurality of samples of the query spectrum; selecting at least one sample from the plurality of samples for comparison with the one or more candidate peptide sequences; determining a likelihood indicator for each of the one or more candidate peptide sequences based on a comparison with the at least one sample; applying a signal to noise filter to the one or more candidate peptide sequences based on the likelihood indicators for the candidate peptide sequences; and selecting at least one candidate peptide sequence as a proposed peptide sequence for the query spectrum based on the filtered candidate peptide sequences.

Abstract: A dispenser comprising attachment means (844) for attachment to a container, a reservoir (822) for holding material (820), a barrier means (895) to prevent the material entering the container, wherein the barrier means is removable by manipulation of the dispenser, thereby permitting the material to be selectively dispensed into the container.