Abstract: A shell component for an aircraft fuselage includes a fuselage skin panel, a plurality of stringers extending in an aircraft lengthwise direction, and a plurality of frames extending crosswise relative to the stringers. The stringers and the frames are respectively welded onto the skin panel with the addition of a weld filler material. Each frame includes a frame root portion and a frame profile portion connected to each other. The frame root portion has cut-out notches receiving the stringers passing therethrough. The frame root portion is welded to the skin panel at the areas between the cut-out notches, and may be welded to the respective stringer in each cut-out notch. The stringers and frames are fabricated from webs and flanges, whereby a premanufactured grid of flanges may be used. The result is a very strong, yet simple shell component structure, that may be manufactured with a simple welding process, at a low cost and with low effort.

Abstract: The invention concerns a control system for operating a drive assembly of a ship. The system consists of an engine (1), a transmission (3) and an adjustable clutch (4) for forward and reverse motions. A control station (15), a control lever (27) and a control electronics (15) are provided for adjusting the direction of motion and the speed of the ship. In order to influence the reaction of the ship when changing direction, several reversing aids are provided according to the invention. The pilot can use the reversing aids by actuating a selection key (24) located on the control station.