Abstract: A flat form spring, in particular a disc spring or corrugated spring, includes a spring body made of a low-alloy steel which has a carbon content of more than 0.35% by weight and at most 0.75% by weight. The steel contains between 0.3 wt. % and 0.9 wt. % manganese (Mn) as an alloying element. The steel also contains chromium (Cr) as an alloying element with a weight proportion of between 0.3 wt. % and 1.5 wt. %. The steel further contains between 0.1% and 0.6% by weight of molybdenum (Mo) as an alloying element. In addition, the steel contains more than 0.4 wt. % and up to 8 wt. % nickel (Ni) as an alloying element. A flatform spring made in this way has an improved strength compared to conventional flatform springs without a loss of toughness compared to a spring made of conventional spring steels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flange coupling of two pipes, in particular the pipes of an exhaust system of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine. The coupling is characterized in that: each of the flanges is formed onto the corresponding pipe by the shaping of one of the pipe regions that form the respective flanges; a first of the two flanges is configured with a first connection pipe section, which engages radially in the interior of the second flange; a sealing ring is clamped between the flanges; the flanges are axially fixed by a clamping deice. The coupling is designed to be produced in an efficient manner, easy to mount and configured so that it functions reliably.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plate spring that is prevented from being axially displaced on a surface of a receiving body, the surface being circular cylindrical at least in areas. The aim of the invention is to provide a plate spring of the aforementioned type that is able to maintain a securing against axial displacement with the least amount of effort. This is achieved by virtue of the fact that the edge of the plate spring radially facing the receiving body engages inside a peripheral groove provided in the receiving body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plate spring that is prevented from being axially displaced on a surface of a receiving body, the surface being circular cylindrical at least in areas. The aim of the invention is to provide a plate spring of the aforementioned type that is able to maintain a securing against axial displacement with the least amount of effort. This is achieved by virtue of the fact that the edge of the plate spring radially facing the receiving body engages inside a peripheral groove provided in the receiving body.