Abstract: A battery electrode for a lithium ion battery that includes an electrically conductive substrate having an electrode layer applied thereto. The electrode layer includes an organic material having high alkalinity, or an organic material which can be dissolved in organic solvents, or an organic material having an imide group(s) and aminoacetal group(s), or an organic material that chelates with or bonds with a metal substrate or that chelates with or bonds with an active material in the electrode layer. The organic material may be guanidine carbonate.

Abstract: A battery electrode for a lithium ion battery that includes an electrically conductive substrate having an electrode layer applied thereto. The electrode layer includes an organic material having high alkalinity, or an organic material which can be dissolved in organic solvents, or an organic material having an imide group(s) and aminoacetal group(s), or an organic material that chelates with or bonds with a metal substrate or that chelates with or bonds with an active material in the electrode layer. The organic material may be guanidine carbonate.

Abstract: A catalyst of one or more complex oxides having a nominal composition as set out in formula (1): AxB1-y-zMyPzOn (1) wherein A is selected from one or more group III elements including the lanthanide elements or one or more divalent or monovalent cations; B is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 22 to 24, 40 to 42 and 72 to 75; M is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 25 to 30; P is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 44 to 50 and 76 to 83; x is defined as a number where 0<x?1; y is defined as a number where 0?y<0.5; and z is defined as a number where 0<z<0.2.

Abstract: A battery electrode for a lithium ion battery that includes an electrically conductive substrate having an electrode layer applied thereto. The electrode layer includes an organic material having high alkalinity, or an organic material which can be dissolved in organic solvents, or an organic material having an imide group(s) and aminoacetal group(s), or an organic material that chelates with or bonds with a metal substrate or that chelates with or bonds with an active material in the electrode layer. The organic material may be guanidine carbonate.

Abstract: A process for treating a Bayer liquor by wet oxidation to oxidise organic contaminants in the Bayer liquor in which the wet oxidation process is conducted in the presence of a mixed Ce/Mn oxide. The catalyst may have nano-sized grains, and be supported on a mesoporous oxide support. The catalyst may also contain a platinum group metal.

Abstract: A method of producing porous complex oxides includes the steps of providing a mixture of a) precursor elements suitable to produce the complex oxide; or b) one or more precursor elements suitable to produce particles of the complex oxide and one or more metal oxide particles; and c) a particulate carbon-containing pore-forming material selected to provide pore sizes in the range of approximately 7 nm to 250 nm, and treating the mixture to (i) form the porous complex oxide in which two or more of the precursor elements from (a) above or one or more of the precursor elements and one or more of the metals in the metal oxide particles from (b) above are incorporated into a phase of the complex metal oxide and the complex metal oxide has grain sizes in the range of about 1 nm to 150 nm; and (ii) remove the pore-forming material under conditions such that the porous structure and composition of the complex oxide is substantially preserved. The method may be used to produce non-refractory metal oxides as well.

Abstract: A composition for use as a fuel additive for a hydrocarbon fuel. The additive is in the form of particles of one or more complex oxides having a nominal composition as set out in formula (1): AxB1?yMyOn ??(1) Wherein A is selected from one or more group III elements including the lanthanide elements or one or more divalent or monovalent cations; B is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 22 to 24, 40 to 42 and 72 to 75; M is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 25 to 30; x is defined as a number where 0<x<1 ; and y is defined as a number where 0<y<0.5.

Abstract: A method for producing complex metal oxide having nano-sized grains that includes the steps of forming a mixture containing at least one metal cation dissolved in a solution and particulate material containing at least one further metal in the form of metal(s) or metal compound(s) and treating the mixture to form the complex metal oxide having nano-sized grains. The at least one further metal from the particulate material becomes incorporated into the complex metal oxide.

Abstract: A catalyst of one or more complex oxides having a nominal composition as set out in formula (1): AxB1-y-zMyPzOn (1) wherein A is selected from one or more group III elements including the lanthanide elements or one or more divalent or monovalent cations; B is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 22 to 24, 40 to 42 and 72 to 75; M is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 25 to 30; P is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 44 to 50 and 76 to 83; x is defined as a number where 0<x?1; y is defined as a number where 0?y<0.5; and z is defined as a number where 0<z<0.2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming a material of a metal oxide supported on a support particle by the steps of. a) providing a precursor mixture comprising a solution containing one or more metal cations and (i) a surfactant; or (ii) a hydrophilic polymer; with the precursor mixture further including support particles; and b) treating the precursor mixture from (a) above by heating to remove the surfactant or hydrophilic polymer and form metal oxide having nano-sized grains, wherein at least some of the metal oxide formed in step (b) is deposited on or supported by the support particles and the metal oxide has an oxide matrix that includes metal atoms derived solely from sources other than the support particles.

Abstract: A method for producing metal oxide particles having nano-sized grains is disclosed. A solution of metal cations is mixed with surfactant under conditions such that surfactant micelles are formed. This mixture is then heated to form the metal oxide particles; this heating step removing the surfactant, forming the metal oxide and creating the pore structure of the particles. The pore structures are disordered. This method is particularly advantageous for production of complex (multi-component) metal oxides in which the different atomic species are homogeneously dispersed.