Abstract: A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a mixture of (i) one or more protected lubricating oil additives having a first performance function, and (ii) one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives having a second performance function, as a minor component. The first performance function and the second performance function are the same. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are inactive with respect to their performance function. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are converted into one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. A method for controlled release of one or more lubricating oil additives into a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives.

Abstract: A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group, as a minor component. The one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are converted into one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one unprotected active group in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. Compositions including one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group. A method for improving solubility of one or more lubricating oil additives in a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives. A method for improving friction control in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil.

Abstract: A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and a mixture of (i) one or more protected lubricating oil additives having a first performance function, and (ii) one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives having a second performance function, as a minor component. The first performance function and the second performance function are the same. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are inactive with respect to their performance function. The one or more protected lubricating oil additives are converted into one or more unprotected lubricating oil additives in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. A method for controlled release of one or more lubricating oil additives into a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives.

Abstract: A lubricating oil including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group, as a minor component. The one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group are converted into one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one unprotected active group in the lubricating oil in-service in an engine or other mechanical component. Compositions including one or more lubricating oil additives having at least one protected active group. A method for improving solubility of one or more lubricating oil additives in a lubricating oil. A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil and extending performance life of one or more lubricating oil additives. A method for improving friction control in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to lubricating engines using formulated lubricating oils to reduce wear and improve engine fuel efficiency. The formulated lubricating oils contain a major amount of a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of one or more polar lubricating oil additives. The one or more polar lubricating oil additives include swollen inverse micelles dispersed in the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock. The swollen inverse micelles include (i) a liquid polar core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in the polar solvent, and (ii) a layer of liquid surfactant molecules enclosing the liquid polar core in which polar heads of the liquid surfactant molecules are oriented towards the liquid polar core. A method of improving solubility of polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is also provided.

Abstract: A petroleum desalting process in which fluid from interfacial boundary layer between the settled water layer and the settled oil layer or emulsion-water layer in the vessel is withdrawn from the desalter and recycled to the crude oil inlet of the desalter to improve separation of the oil and water phases.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products and implementing techniques for mixing liquid components. Quantities of two or more liquid components are transferred from pressurized source reservoirs to one or more destination locations by means of a fluid outlet that includes a dispense valve, and the two or more liquid components are mixed in the destination locations to create a plurality of fluid mixtures. Two or more dispensing technologies can be combined to provide for increased efficiency in the dispensing of high volume liquid components. The amounts of liquid components being dispensed can be monitored during the dispensing to provide feedback control of the dispensing.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing techniques for mixing liquid components. Quantities of two or more liquid components are transferred from pressurized source reservoirs to one or more destination locations by means of a fluid outlet that includes a dispense valve, and the two or more liquid components are mixed in the destination locations to create a plurality of fluid mixtures. Two or more dispensing technologies can be combined to provide for increased efficiency in the dispensing of high volume liquid components. The amounts of liquid components being dispensed can be monitored during the dispensing to provide feedback control of the dispensing.

Abstract: A method and system to blend components to form a lubricant having a predetermined characteristic. The method includes determining the characteristic from a model that relates that characteristic as a function of the amount of its components and properties of the components. These predetermined characteristics include KV (kinematic viscosities), CCS (cold cranking simulator), HTHS (high temperature, high shear viscosity), Noack Volatility, MRV (mini-rotary viscometer), Brookfield Viscosity, Soot-Dispersancy, Oxidation, Deposit, Wear, Sulfur, Phosphorus, Base Number, Color, Ash Content, Aniline Point, Acid Number, Viscosity Index, Turbidity, Demulsibility, Foam Stability, Acute Toxicity, Biodegradability, Nitrogen, and Detergency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of dispensing accurately small amounts of high viscosity lubricant components using tubeless positive-displacement liquid-handling equipment for forming lubricant blends.

Abstract: An improved lubricating composition suitable for diesel engines comprising a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of an alkylamine-alkylphosphate additive. The alkylamine-alkylphosphate additive comprises from at least 1.25 equivalents of alkylamine to 1.0 equivalents of alkylphosphate.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing techniques for mixing liquid components. Quantities of two or more liquid components are transferred from pressurized source reservoirs to one or more destination locations by means of a fluid outlet that includes a dispense valve, and the two or more liquid components are mixed in the destination locations to create a plurality of fluid mixtures. Two or more dispensing technologies can be combined to provide for increased efficiency in the dispensing of high volume liquid components. The amounts of liquid components being dispensed can be monitored during the dispensing to provide feedback control of the dispensing.

Abstract: A method to blend components to form a lubricant having a predetermined characteristic comprising determining the characteristic from a model that relates that characteristic as a function of the amount of its components and properties of the components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of dispensing accurately small amounts of high viscosity lubricant components using tubeless positive-displacement liquid-handling equipment for forming lubricant blends.

Abstract: An improved lubricating composition suitable for diesel engines comprising a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of an alkylamine-alkylphosphate additive. The alkylamine-alkylphosphate additive comprises from at least 1.25 equivalents of alkylamine to 1.0 equivalents of alkylphosphate.

Abstract: Hydrocarbonaceous contaminants are bioremediated using corn material, such as corn waste and corn oil. The hydrocarbonaceous contaminant is contacted with the corn material in the presence of nutrients and bacteria effective for bioremediation. The contaminant is typically on a solid substrate, admixed with particulate solids or on water. Corn oil is typically applied to large area spills on water, beaches, solid and rocky ground and the like by spraying, while solid corn material is typically used for all other applications and mixed in with the contaminant.

Abstract: The invention is a system and a method for bioremediating hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater. The method comprises contacting the hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater with a source of microbial nutrients and then aerating the nutriated water with air or oxygen, the aeration being conducted under substantially bubble-free conditions.

Abstract: The dispersed aqueous phase of a shear thickening composition, useful as a well control fluid which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, dispersed in the continuous, surfactant-containing oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, is prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide with an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid wherein the concentration of the polymer in each separate solution used to prepare said aqueous phase is less than about 2 wt %.

Abstract: A shear thickening composition which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having dispersed in the continuous, oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, wherein said oily phase has a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein and the dispersed aqueous phase comprises an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide and polycarboxylic acid. These compositions are useful as well control fluids and may be used in deep wells.

Abstract: A process for plugging a porous formation in a well bore which comprises pumping a shear-thickening composition into drill pipe in the well under conditions of low shear to the point desired to be plugged at which point the composition is forced through the orifices of a drill bit at the end of the drill pipe and subjected to high shear of at least about 1,000 sec..sup.-1 which forms a paste in the well bore which plugs the porous formation. The shear-thickening composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having granular bentonite dispersed in the continuous oily phase, wherein the oily phase has a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein, and the aqueous phase comprises an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide and a polycarboxylic acid. This process may be used for plugging wells having depths in excess of 8,000 feet.