Abstract: A feed line to a pyrolysis furnace and a liquid injection apparatus for introducing a liquid coke inhibitor in the feed line are disclosed. The injection apparatus includes a central passageway for supplying the liquid coke inhibitor, an annular passageway for delivering an atomizing gas and a mixing reservoir for mixing the liquid and gas wherein the mixed fluid is atomized by passage through an orifice in a nozzle. A cooling jacket surrounding the annular passageway prevents decomposition of the coke inhibiting agent which products can plug the nozzle. The injection apparatus is typically installed in a bend of a process feedstock conduit with a discharge end aligned to an axis of the flow. A hot injection point close to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace is preferred for best results. To help ensure complete evaporation of a carrier liquid prior to the furnace, the injection apparatus can include an evaporation shroud.

Abstract: Dilution steam for steam cracking hydrocarbons to produce lower olefins is economically provided by saturating gaseous hydrocarbon feed with water at a temperature selected to achieve the particular steam to hydrocarbon ratio desired in the steam cracking step. Complete saturation of the feed gas is ensured by injecting the gas into the flooded portion of an indirectly heated tubular saturation zone.

Abstract: A method and system for injecting coal and process fluids into a fluidized bed gasification reactor. Three concentric tubes extend vertically upward into the fluidized bed. Coal particulates in a transport gas are injected through an inner tube, and an oxygen rich mixture of oxygen and steam are injected through an inner annulus about the inner tube. A gaseous medium relatively lean in oxygen content, such as steam, is injected through an annulus surrounding the inner annulus.

Abstract: A method and system for injecting coal and process fluids into a fluidized bed gasification reactor. Three concentric tubes extend vertically upward into the fluidized bed. Coal particulates in a transport gas are injected through an inner tube, and an oxygen rich mixture of oxygen and steam are injected through an inner annulus about the inner tube. A gaseous medium relatively lean in oxygen content, such as steam, is injected through an annulus surrounding the inner annulus.

Abstract: A coaxial feed system for fluidized bed coal gasification processes including an inner tube for injecting particulate combustibles into a transport gas, an inner annulus about the inner tube for injecting an oxidizing gas, and an outer annulus about the inner annulus for transporting a fluidizing and cooling gas. The combustibles and oxidizing gas are discharged vertically upward directly into the combustion jet, and the fluidizing and cooling gas is discharged in a downward radial direction into the bed below the combustion jet.