Abstract: A process and an apparatus are disclosed for coating at least one surface of an article such as a paper plate with a liquid coating. The surface to be coated is passed through a wave of liquid coating, such as an aqueous dispersion, followed by removal of the excess coating. The coating and coating removal steps are carried out in an environment which is vaporous with the vehicle of the liquid coating, which prevents premature drying of the coating and allows for a smooth, even application of the coating to the surface.

Abstract: A deliddable ovenable container, such as a molded pulp tray with a liner obtained from a thin film of polyester, useful for packaging food to be frozen for sale and storage and subsequently heated by the consumer in either a microwave or a conventional oven, with means to insure that a transparent and flexible lid of polyester film sealed thereto by heat and pressure subsequently can be peeled away from the polyester liner of the tray without any undesirable delamination of the liner from the molded pulp base of the tray, either at freezing temperatures before heating or at high temperatures after heating, to expose the food for consumption.

Abstract: An inexpensive, disposable, three-dimensionally contoured container, suitable for many purposes including holding food during exposure to high temperatures for long times in either a microwave or a conventional oven without any detrimental effect to the container or the food. The container consists of an essentially impervious liner of polyethylene terephthalate directly bonded by its own substance to a pre-formed contoured base obtained by molding to final shape nonbrowning substantially 100% bleached kraft wood pulp from an aqueous slurry thereof against an open-face suction mold, and drying the same under pressure imposed by a mating pair of heated dies. The liner is formed by bonding to the pulp base a 0.5-2.0 mil thick film of thermoformable, substantially amorphous, substantially unoriented polyethylene terephthalate having a molecular weight which is understood to be in excess of 15,000.

Abstract: Considerable reduction in color of a kraft paper mill effluent has been found with the addition of barium ions (Ba.sup..sup.+2) to the effluent. Unlike the familiar lime decolorization process for kraft paper mill effluents, decolorization using barium is substantially independent of the pH of the effluent and the color removing mechanism is in the form of an occlusion of the color bodies from the effluent into the barium sulphate precipitate (BaSO.sub.4) which forms from the sulphate (SO.sub.4) already present in or added to the effluent. The amount of decolorization produced by the process of the present invention depends upon the amount of sulfate ions in the effluent, the amount of barium ion containing material added to the effluent and the relationship of the amount of barium to the amount of sulphate in the effluent.