Abstract: A system for treatment of a biomass material, said system comprising: a first vessel (3) in which said biomass material is treated under a first pressure; a second vessel (5) in which said biomass material is received and held at a second pressure which is lower than the first pressure; a transporting pipe (7) connecting an outlet (9) of the first vessel (3) with an inlet (11) of the second vessel (5) for transporting the biomass material from the first vessel to the second vessel; and a valve (15; 15?; 15) arranged in said transporting pipe (7), said valve being configured for controlling the flow of biomass material and fluid in the transporting pipe (7), wherein said transporting pipe (7) is asymmetrically connected to an outlet (33?; 33) of said valve (15; 15?; 15) such that a generated jet stream of biomass material delivered out from the outlet (33?; 33) of the valve (15; 15?; 15) is received closer to a transporting pipe longitudinal central axis (A1) than if the outlet (33?; 33) of the valve (15; 15?;

Abstract: A system for treatment of a biomass material, said system comprising: a first vessel (3) in which said biomass material is treated under a first pressure; a second vessel (5) in which said biomass material is received and held at a second pressure which is lower than the first pressure; a transporting pipe (7) connecting an outlet (9) of the first vessel (3) with an inlet (11) of the second vessel (5) for transporting the biomass material from the first vessel to the second vessel; and a valve (15; 15?; 15) arranged in said transporting pipe (7), said valve being configured for controlling the flow of biomass material and fluid in the transporting pipe (7), wherein said transporting pipe (7) is asymmetrically connected to an outlet (33?; 33) of said valve (15; 15?; 15) such that a generated jet stream of biomass material delivered out from the outlet (33?; 33) of the valve (15; 15?; 15) is received closer to a transporting pipe longitudinal central axis (A1) than if the outlet (33?; 33) of the valve (15; 15?;

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching from a first IPTV channel arranged to be delivered to a plurality of nodes, such as a broadcast or a unicast, to a second unicast IPTV channel. The first IPTV channel is received at an IPTV receiving node, such as a User Equipment. If it is determined that the first IPTV channel is no longer available, then an IPTV content provider capable of providing the same IPTV channel in a unicast as the first IPTV channel is identified. A message is then sent to an IPTV AS, the message including an instruction to switch to a unicast IPTV channel and an address for the identified IPTV content provider node. The IPTV receiving node then receives the IPTV channel unicast.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching from a first IPTV channel arranged to be delivered to a plurality of nodes, such as a broadcast or a unicast, to a second unicast IPTV channel. The first IPTV channel is received at an IPTV receiving node, such as a User Equipment. If it is determined that the first IPTV channel is no longer available, then an IPTV content provider capable of providing the same IPTV channel in a unicast as the first IPTV channel is identified. A message is then sent to an IPTV AS, the message including an instruction to switch to a unicast IPTV channel and an address for the identified IPTV content provider node. The IPTV receiving node then receives the IPTV channel unicast.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching from a first IPTV channel arranged to be delivered to a plurality of nodes, such as a broadcast or a unicast, to a second unicast IPTV channel. The first IPTV channel is received at an IPTV receiving node, such as a User Equipment. If it is determined that the first IPTV channel is no longer available, then an IPTV content provider capable of providing the same IPTV channel in a unicast as the first IPTV channel is identified. A message is then sent to an IPTV AS, the message including an instruction to switch to a unicast IPTV channel and an address for the identified IPTV content provider node. The IPTV receiving node then receives the IPTV channel unicast.

Abstract: A method for providing switching of a media session transmitted from a content server to a user equipment from a multicast to a unicast bearer. A preparation trigger recognised by the user equipment triggers a preparation phase wherein an application server prepares for an upcoming switch by re-configuring the media session and by providing the re-configuration data to the user equipment. Subsequent to the preparation phase, a second trigger triggers a release phase, wherein the multicast bearer is released, and the media session is resumed by the unicast bearer.

Abstract: A method for providing switching of a media session transmitted from server to a user equipment from a multicast to a cast bearer. A preparation trigger recognised by the user equipment triggers a preparation phase where in an application server prepares for an up-coming switch by re-configuring the media session and by providing the re-configuration data to the user equipment. Subsequent to the preparation phase, a second trigger triggers a release phase, wherein the multicast bearer is released, and the media session is resumed by the unicast bearer.

Abstract: A method of setting up a secure IPTV session. An Application Server (AS) receives an invite message from an IPTV receiving node such as a mobile telephone or a Set Top Box to set up an IPTV session. The invite message includes a Bootstrapping Transaction Identifier (BTID) associated with the IPTV receiving node. The AS sends an authentication request including the BTID to a Bootstrapping Server Function (BSF). The AS then receives from the BSF, an authentication response, which includes a long-term key associated with and previously provided to the IPTV receiving node. The AS then sends a request identifying the receiving node to an IPTV content provider. The AS then uses the long-term key to encrypt a media encryption key that is used to encrypt the media sent by the content provider, and sends the encrypted media encryption key to the IPTV receiving node in an invite response.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching from a first IPTV channel arranged to be delivered to a plurality of nodes, such as a broadcast or a unicast, to a second unicast IPTV channel. The first IPTV channel is received at an IPTV receiving node, such as a User Equipment. If it is determined that the first IPTV channel is no longer available, then an IPTV content provider capable of providing the same IPTV channel in a unicast as the first IPTV channel is identified. A message is then sent to an IPTV AS, the message including an instruction to switch to a unicast IPTV channel and an address for the identified IPTV content provider node. The IPTV receiving node then receives the IPTV channel unicast.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a packet switched television guide such as an Electronic Program Guide or an Electronic Service Guide to a user. An Application Server receives and stores preferences relating to a packet switched television guide. When the Application Server subsequently receives a new or updated packet switched television guide from a packet switched television Guide Application Server, the Application Server filters elements of the packet switched television guide according to the preferences to remove information not relevant to a user associated with the preferences. The filtered packet switched television guide is then sent to the user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multicast communication systems and in particular to the implementation of a random access uplink channel, which can be used, e.g., for transmission of acknowledgement messages for received data. In order to prevent frequent collisions on said channel, the transmission of acknowledgement messages is spread at least over time or, additionally, with regard to another distinguishing channel property, e.g. a RACH sub-channel or RACH-signature.

Abstract: A method and user equipment in a mobile telecommunications system for conducting a multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) session. An MBMS-uplink channel is introduced for transmitting from the user equipment, MBMS participation requests prior to the session and acknowledgment messages when MBMS messages are received. Relevant charging information is collected from the user equipment using broadcast/multicast services when an acknowledgment message is received. The telecommunication system then sends a decoding key to the user equipment for decoding at least a part of the data that is broadcast by the MBMS service.

Abstract: A method and user equipment in a mobile telecommunications system for conducting a multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) session. An MBMS-uplink channel is introduced for transmitting from the user equipment, MBMS participation requests prior to the session and acknowledgment messages when MBMS messages are received. Relevant charging information is collected from the user equipment using broadcast/multicast services when an acknowledgment message is received. The telecommunication system then sends a decoding key to the user equipment for decoding at least a part of the data that is broadcast by the MBMS service.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved mobility handling within a radio access network (3) of an MBMS-joined mobile terminal (7) in a state in which the location of the mobile terminal is stored only at cell group (e.g. URA) level, e.g. a URA_PCH state. A context information transfer is performed at certain trigger events via the Iur-interface (8a, 8b) between a serving radio network controller (SRNC) and all potential drift radio network controllers (DRNCs) for the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A method and arrangement in a mobile telecommunication system for initiating a Multimedia Broadcast Multimedia Service (MBMS) to a User Equipment (UE) in Packet Mobility Management-idle (PMM-idle) mode controlled by a Radio Network Controller (RNC). The RNC is connected to a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN). The RNC indicates to the SGSN that the UE is transiting to a Circuit Switched connected mode. The RNC receives an MBMS UE context from the SGSN. The MBMS UE context is added to the RNC to make it aware that the RNC controls UEs connected to the MBMS.

Abstract: A system and method in a wireless telecommunication system such as a Universal Mobile Telephone System, UMTS, for selecting whether to utilize either a point-to-multipoint, PTM, or a point-to-point, PTP, connection to send media content to User Equipments, UEs, (11) present in a cell in the wireless telecommunication system. A Controlling Radio Network Controller (25) makes this decision and notifies an involved Serving RNC (26). The SRNC receives the PTM/PTP decision from the CRNC and determines whether the PTM/PTP decision is valid for a given UE connection.

Abstract: A common lub transport for transmitting identical multimedia service data blocks over an lub interface (9) from a radio network controller (RNC) (4a-c) to a base station device (5a-e) within a radio access network (3), to be forwarded to multimedia service joined mobile terminals (7) located in cells (6a-h) served by said base station device.

Abstract: A radio network control node acts across an Iur interface as a drift radio network control node (262) for a user equipment unit (UE) in a communications system supporting a multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS). The drift radio network control node (262) maintains a first counter for counting a number of events occurring at the drift radio network control node (262). Registration of the drift radio network control node (262) with a core network node (30) is advantageously delayed until the counter has exceeded a first threshold value. In one example mode, the number of events occurring at the drift network control node (262) which is counted by the counter is a number of user equipment units for which a Iur linking procedure is performed for the MBMS session.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multicast communication systems and in particular to the implementation of a random access uplink channel, which can be used, e.g., for transmission of acknowledgement messages for received data. In order to prevent frequent collisions on said channel, the transmission of acknowledgement messages is spread at least over time or, additionally, with regard to another distinguishing channel property, e.g. a RACH sub-channel or RACH-signature.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods that allow the a mobile communications device to perform inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements while receiving MBMS data. As disclosed, control of measurement occasions are decided on by the UE using Discontinuous Reception during Forward Access Channel reception. Using aspects of the disclosed embodiments, each UE individually decides when to perform inter-frequency/RAT measurements (provided performance requirements on cell reselection are met). Outer coding procedures may then be performed to recover data lost during the measurements.