Abstract: The structures and algorithms described herein employ staging poses to facilitate the operation robots operating in a shared workspace or workcell, preventing or at least reducing the risk of collision while efficiently moving robots to one or more goals to perform respective tasks. Motion planning can be performed during runtime, and includes identifying one or more staging poses for a robot to advantageously position or configure a robot whose path is blocked or is expected to be blocked by one or more other robots, monitoring the other robots and moving the robot toward a goal in response to the path becoming unblocked or cleared. The staging pose can be identified using various heuristics to efficiently position or configure the robot to complete its task one its path becomes unblocked or cleared.

Abstract: A method for filling a cooling circuit of a motor vehicle with a coolant may include filling the cooling circuit with ion-free water in a water filling operation, leaving the ion-free water in the cooling circuit for a water duration of action in a water operation of action, displacing the ion-free water out of the cooling circuit via filling the cooling circuit with a passivating agent in a passivating operation, rinsing the cooling circuit with ion-free water such that the ion-free water at least dilutes the passivating agent in the cooling circuit and a liquid including at least one of the ion-free water and the passivating agent remains in the cooling circuit in a rinsing operation, displacing the liquid out of the cooling circuit via filling the cooling circuit with the coolant in a coolant filling operation, and/or fluidically sealing the cooling circuit towards an outside in a sealing operation.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for a cooling circuit which is flowed through by an aqueous temperature-control fluid may include at least two channel bodies, through which a flow path of the temperature-control fluid leads; at least one tank, which has a base and through which the flow path leads; and at least one ion exchange structure having ion-exchanging fibres for reducing ions in the temperature-control fluid. The at least two channel bodies may be fluidically connected with the at least one tank on a longitudinal end side via the base of the at least one tank.

Abstract: A method for producing a heat exchanger having at least one cooling line with a lightweight metal base through which a water-based coolant can flow may include passivating a surface of the at least one cooling line, which is in contact with the coolant, before the at least one cooling line is filled with the coolant.

Abstract: A method is provided for passivating an aluminum surface. According to the method, the aluminum surface is provided with a flux. A passivation solution is subsequently applied to the aluminum surface, such that a passivation layer is created by reaction of the passivation solution with the aluminum surface, which is provided with the flux.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for filling a cooling circuit (2) of a motor vehicle (3) with a coolant (4). A simple filling of the cooling circuit (2) with coolant (4) and an increased operational safety are achieved in that the cooling circuit (2) is initially filled with ion-free water (13) and thereafter with a passivating agent (16), and wherein thereafter the cooling circuit (2) is rinsed with ion-free water (13) and subsequently filled with the coolant (4). The invention, furthermore, relates to a system (1) for filling a cooling circuit (2) of a motor vehicle (3) with coolant (4).

Abstract: A heat exchanger for a cooling circuit which is flowed through by an aqueous temperature-control fluid may include at least two channel bodies, through which a flow path of the temperature-control fluid leads; at least one tank, which has a base and through which the flow path leads; and at least one ion exchange structure having ion-exchanging fibres for reducing ions in the temperature-control fluid. The at least two channel bodies may be fluidically connected with the at least one tank on a longitudinal end side via the base of the at least one tank.

Abstract: A metal-air battery may include a housing, at least one hollow-cylindrical cathode arranged in the housing between an air chamber and an electrolyte chamber, and at least one metallic anode arranged in the electrolyte chamber. The battery may also include an air path leading through the housing from an air inlet to an air outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the air chamber, and an air supply device for generating an air flow following the air path and impinging on the cathode. The battery may further include an electrolyte path leading through the housing from an electrolyte inlet to an electrolyte outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the electrolyte chamber, and an electrolyte supply device for generating an electrolyte flow following the electrolyte path and impinging on the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: An anode for an aluminum-air battery may include an anode body, which may contain particles of an aluminum alloy in a sodium matrix. An electrolyte for an aluminum-air battery may consist of one of an aqueous acid and an aqueous lye containing at least one halogen and at least one surfactant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid channel for a heat exchanger, comprising a metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet has at least one core region of an aluminum base alloy and at least one structure arranged inside the fluid channel, wherein the structure lies against a surface of the metal sheet and can be soldered to the metal sheet in a flux-free manner by way of a first soldering location in a soldering operation, and wherein a soldering region of the metal sheet and a counterpart lie against one another and can be soldered to one another in the same soldering operation as a second soldering location while wetting with flux, wherein an open path between the two soldering locations exists before the soldering operation.

Abstract: A method for producing a heat exchanger having at least one cooling line with a lightweight metal base through which a water-based coolant can flow may include passivating a surface of the at least one cooling line, which is in contact with the coolant, before the at least one cooling line is filled with the coolant.

Abstract: A metal-air battery may include a housing, at least one cathode disposed in the housing between an air space and an electrolyte space, and at least one metal anode disposed in the electrolyte space. The battery may also include an air path leading through the housing from an air inlet to an air outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the air space, and an air supply device for generating an air flow which may follow the air path and act upon the cathode. The battery may further include an electrolyte path leading through the housing from an electrolyte inlet to an electrolyte outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the electrolyte space, and an electrolyte supply device for producing an electrolyte flow which may follow the electrolyte path and act upon the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A metal-air battery may include a housing, at least one hollow-cylindrical cathode arranged in the housing between an air chamber and an electrolyte chamber, and at least one metallic anode arranged in the electrolyte chamber. The battery may also include an air path leading through the housing from an air inlet to an air outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the air chamber, and an air supply device for generating an air flow following the air path and impinging on the cathode. The battery may further include an electrolyte path leading through the housing from an electrolyte inlet to an electrolyte outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the electrolyte chamber, and an electrolyte supply device for generating an electrolyte flow following the electrolyte path and impinging on the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for modifying piece surfaces consisting in bringing pieces into contact with at least one type of a modifying agent in such a way that the modification of the surface is carried out.

Abstract: A solar collector is provided that has a base material and a nanostructured layer integrated into the base material so as to form a light-absorbing surface. The nanostructured layer has nanoparticles of an inorganic material.

Abstract: An anode for an aluminium-air battery may include an anode body, which may contain particles of an aluminium alloy in a sodium matrix. An electrolyte for an aluminium-air battery may consist of one of an aqueous acid and an aqueous lye containing at least one halogen and at least one surfactant.

Abstract: A metal-air battery may include a housing, at least one cathode disposed in the housing between an air space and an electrolyte space, and at least one metal anode disposed in the electrolyte space. The battery may also include an air path leading through the housing from an air inlet to an air outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the air space, and an air supply device for generating an air flow which may follow the air path and act upon the cathode. The battery may further include an electrolyte path leading through the housing from an electrolyte inlet to an electrolyte outlet of the housing, both of which may be fluidically connected to the electrolyte space, and an electrolyte supply device for producing an electrolyte flow which may follow the electrolyte path and act upon the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: An electrically operated heating device, in particular for a heating or air conditioning system of a vehicle, is provided, comprising a heating register with a layered heating element, for converting electrical energy into heat, and two electrically insulating and heat-conducting insulating layers, which respectively make contact, at least in certain regions, with one side of the layered heating element. The insulating layers and the layered heating element are braced with one another, an abrasion-counteracting sliding layer being arranged between at least one of the insulating layers and the layered heating element. Alternatively or in addition, at least one of the insulating layers and the layered heating element have, at least in the region of their mutual contact surfaces, a material pairing with which the abrasion of the contact surfaces goes below a predetermined limit value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal spraying method, in particular for coating a surface by means of a plasma beam, using a shaped plasma beam, wherein a first plasma beam by means of at least one second plasma beam is controlled and/or shaped, wherein the second plasma beam at least partially and at least temporarily penetrates the first plasma beam.

Abstract: A method for treating exhaust gas condensates of an internal combustion engine, in which the exhaust gas condensates containing nitrogen oxides are delivered to an exhaust gas recirculation system and are cooled therein. The nitrogen oxides of the cooled exhaust gas condensates are converted to ammonia through electrolysis.