Abstract: A composite material comprises of at least first and second layers, each comprising a polymeric matrix material and wound tows for reinforcement. The tows are wound in opposite directions in each of the first and second layers such that overlapping tows form crossover regions. The wound tows in the second layer are arranged such that the crossover regions are formed to be laterally offset from the crossover regions in the first layer.

Abstract: Composite tubes comprising a compression sleeve coupled to an inner surface of a composite tube, a carbon extrusion member disposed within the composite tube, and an end fitting comprising a locking feature, wherein the end fitting is coupled to an inner surface of the compression sleeve and the locking feature is configured to engage the carbon extrusion member are disclosed. Methods comprising coupling a compression sleeve to an inner surface of a distal end of a composite tube, placing a carbon extrusion member inside the compression sleeve and the composite tube, and disposing an end fitting on the distal end of the composite tube, wherein the end fitting comprises a locking feature configured to interact with the carbon extrusion member are also disclosed.

Abstract: Composite tubes comprising a compression sleeve coupled to an inner surface of a composite tube, a carbon extrusion member disposed within the composite tube, and an end fitting comprising a locking feature, wherein the end fitting is coupled to an inner surface of the compression sleeve and the locking feature is configured to engage the carbon extrusion member are disclosed. Methods comprising coupling a compression sleeve to an inner surface of a distal end of a composite tube, placing a carbon extrusion member inside the compression sleeve and the composite tube, and disposing an end fitting on the distal end of the composite tube, wherein the end fitting comprises a locking feature configured to interact with the carbon extrusion member are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composite material comprises of at least first and second layers, each comprising a polymeric matrix material and wound tows for reinforcement. The tows are wound in opposite directions in each of the first and second layers such that overlapping tows form crossover regions. The wound tows in the second layer are arranged such that the crossover regions are formed to be laterally offset from the crossover regions in the first layer.

Abstract: A coated composite material comprising a composite substrate comprises a polymeric matrix with fibre reinforcement, a surface of the composite substrate being coated with a two-phase primer layer E and a coating layer A adhered to said outer surface of the two-phase primer layer E. The two-phase primer layer E comprises a reinforcing phase of material elements bound in a predefined distribution by a polymeric phase and at least partially exposed at an outer surface of the primer layer so as to provide a surface texture.