Abstract: A system is proposed for the application of a coating film to a surface of a component to be painted, which system is suitable in particular for semi-automatic or fully automatic application of the coating film. The system comprises a framework in which the coating film can be fixed and which is used to position the coating film over the surface to be painted. Furthermore, the system comprises at least one application means, for example a squeegee, with which a contact pressure is exerted on the coating film during application. Furthermore, the system comprises two rails along which the at least one application means can be moved. Furthermore, the system comprises a device for fixing the coating film in the framework. Furthermore, the system comprises means for positioning and/or fixing the framework to the component. Furthermore, the invention provides a method for applying a coating film to a surface of a component using said system.

Abstract: A multilayer color and/or effect coating on a substrate, wherein the coating includes a clearcoat layer having a dry film thickness of 10 ?m to 50 ?m, and the coating includes a basecoat layer having a dry film thickness of 6 ?m to 35 ?m, incorporating color and/or effect pigments whose orientation within the basecoat layer influences the optical properties of the coating, and the basecoat layer includes control particles that control the orientation of the color and/or effect pigments, wherein the control particles are characterized by a d10 of at least 50% of the dry film thickness of the basecoat layer and by a d50 of 80% to 120% of the dry film thickness of the basecoat layer, and by a d100 of not more than 200% of the dry film thickness of the basecoat layer.

Abstract: A method for applying a multicolored paint system to a substrate includes (1) applying a first pigmented coating material to the substrate, (2) drying and/or curing the first pigmented coating material at a selected drying and/or curing temperature, and (3) applying a second pigmented coating material to the substrate, with partial recoating of the first pigmented coating material, wherein the second pigmented coating material is applied using a laminate including a carrier on which there is a layer of the second pigmented coating material, the layer being already cured.

Abstract: Apparatus for the treatment, particularly bleaching, washing, dyeing, boiling, desizing, mercerizing, etc.