Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) and a network entity may pseudo-randomly generate frequency hopping indexes to support secure communication of sounding reference signals (SRSs). For example, the UE may securely obtain a key associated with communication a set of SRSs via respective portions of system bandwidth for communicating with the network entity. The UE and the network entity may generate a set of frequency hopping indexes using the key. The set of frequency hopping indexes may correspond to the set of SRSs, and each frequency hopping index may indicate a respective portion of the system bandwidth for communication of a corresponding SRS. The UE and the network entity may communicate the set of SRSs in accordance with the set of frequency hopping indexes.

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to communicate at least one pilot signal with another apparatus according to a first configuration, at least one of a lower frequency density or a higher time density being indicated by the first configuration than a second configuration for a type of pilot signal that includes the at least one pilot signal. The apparatus may be further configured to communicate with the other apparatus based on the at least one pilot signal. Another apparatus may be configured to receive, from a base station, spatial relationship information or transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state information corresponding to a directional beam at the UE for communication on a channel. The apparatus may be further configured to apply the directional beam for communication with the base station on another channel in a sub-6 gigahertz (GHz) frequency band.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) and a network node may determine a configuration that indicates an antenna switching point associated with an uplink communication configured for multiple repetitions. The UE may transmit one or more repetitions of the uplink communication using a first transmit antenna prior to the antenna switching point. The UE may transmit one or more repetitions of the uplink communication using a second transmit antenna after the antenna switching point. The network node may perform channel estimation for the uplink communication based at least in part on the configuration that indicates the antenna switching point. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: RACH occasion repetition and PRACH format selection in an NTN are disclosed. The base station may determine, based on at least one beam, a first PRACH configuration for at least one first UE and a second PRACH configuration for at least one second UE. The base station may transmit, to at least one of the at least one first UE or the at least one second UE, an indication of the first PRACH configuration and the second PRACH configuration. The UE, based on whether it is a first UE or a second UE, may select, based on the received indication, the first PRACH configuration or the second PRACH configuration for at least one beam. The UE may initiate, via the at least one beam, a RACH procedure for the selected first PRACH configuration or the selected second PRACH configuration.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may determine at least one of a downlink path loss value or an uplink path loss value associated with a base station; receive system information, a semi-persistently configured grant via RRC or a dynamic uplink grant via DCI from the base station, wherein the RRC signaling or the dynamic uplink grant identifies a power control value associated with one user or a plurality of users associated with the base station; and determine a transmit power for a data or control transmission based at least in part on at least one of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value and the power control value. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit an indication of a UE capability for using one or more transmit antenna configuration sets for uplink beams. The UE may receive a radio resource control configuration associated with uplink transmission with an uplink beam. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for location verification. In an aspect, a radio access network (RAN) node receives a request from a core network node to verify a location of a user equipment (UE), performs a RAN-based positioning procedure with the UE to determine a verified location of the UE, and transmits a response to the core network node, the response including: measurements obtained by the UE during the RAN-based positioning procedure, measurements obtained by the RAN node during the RAN-based positioning procedure, the verified location of the UE, an indication that the location of the UE is verified, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receiving information identifying a timing and position for a transition from a first synchronization signal block associated with a first cell to a second synchronization signal block associated with a second cell, wherein the first cell and the second cell have a common physical cell index and a common frequency. The UE may tune from the first synchronization signal block to the second synchronization signal block in accordance with the timing and position. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may determine a transmission frequency for an uplink transmission based at least in part on a reference point for the uplink transmission, the reference point being associated with one of: a satellite that provides a cell covering the user equipment, the satellite being associated with a non-terrestrial network, or a gateway associated with the satellite; and transmit the uplink transmission based at least in part on the transmission frequency. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may monitor a set of time-frequency resources for one or more cell detection signals (CDS) associated with a pseudo-random sequence, where the pseudo-random sequence and the set of time-frequency resources are indicated by an output of a pseudo-random function (PRF) that is based on a timing parameter, a cell identifier (ID), and a shared key. Accordingly, the UE may communicate with a network entity via a cell associated with the cell ID based on receiving the one or more CDS. The UE may also exchange one or more messages with the network entity, and may perform a time calibration procedure based on the one or more messages and a delay threshold of the UE. The one or more messages may indicate an ID of the UE, a cryptographic number, a time interval, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) may establish uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) radio frame timing structures to efficiently account for propagation delay and propagation delay variation associated with communications in the NTN. NTNs may manage (synchronize) radio frame timing structures of base stations (e.g., satellites) and user equipment (UEs) in the NTN. Further, UEs may determine timing advance (TA) values to be applied to UL transmissions based on their respective scheduling offset (e.g., offset in UL and DL radio frame timing structures), as well as based on propagation delay or round trip time (RTT). As such, served UEs may determine UL timing such that UL transmissions from the UEs to a satellite arrives at the satellite in a time synchronized manner. In other cases, a satellite may determine UL timing, based on reception timing, such that various UEs in the NTN may implement uniform UL and DL radio frame timing structures.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Generally, the described techniques provide for establishing rules for scheduling downlink data transmissions and flow control feedback for the downlink data transmissions to avoid confusion at a base station and a user equipment (UE). In one example, when flow control feedback from a UE is disabled for a downlink data transmission, the UE may still operate according to a timing for reporting flow control feedback for the downlink data transmission. In this example, the UE may drop (e.g., refrain from decoding) other downlink data transmissions based on the timing for reporting flow control feedback. In another example, when flow control feedback from a UE is disabled for a downlink data transmission, other downlink data transmissions to the UE may be scheduled according to one or more rules to avoid confusion.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) and a network may establish communications over a directional beam. The UE may receive, from the network, a configuration of one or more channel sounding messages for one or more directional beams, where each directional beam of the one or more directional beams is associated with a set of narrowband carriers, and each of the one or more channel sounding messages being configured for transmission on a narrowband carrier of the set of narrowband carriers. The UE may determine a trigger for transmitting the one or more channel sounding messaged based at least in part on the configuration and transmit, to the network, the one or more channel sounding messages on respective narrowband carriers in accordance with the trigger and the configuration.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network node may transmit, and a user equipment (UE) may receive, signaling that indicates at least a first random access channel (RACH) occasion (RO) partition and a second RO partition. The first RO partition may be associated with different uplink transmission capabilities than the second RO partition. The UE may select an RO in the first RO partition or the second RO partition based at least in part on a metric that relates to an uplink transmission capability of the UE. The UE may transmit, and the network node may receive, a preamble in the selected RO to initiate a RACH procedure. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: In aspects, a user equipment (UE) forms groups of overlapping uplink transmissions among component carriers (CCs), and moves in time all uplink transmissions within a group, except an earliest transmission, to align leading edges. The UE then determines, for each uplink transmission, if a joint timeline is satisfied, and allocates total transmission power depending on whether the timeline is satisfied for all uplink transmissions. In aspects, a base station transmits, to a UE, a transmit power configuration that identifies a reserved power for uplink transmissions of cell groups. The base station then transmits, to the UE, an uplink grant or configuration that identifies a transmission power for a cell group in excess of its reserved power, and receives, from the UE, uplink transmissions that exhibit an allocation of total transmission power according to the reserved power and the transmission power for the cell group in excess of the reserved power.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a mobile station may receive an indication of a first set of resources for feedback and an indication of a second set of resources for feedback, where the second set of resources are associated with a smaller quantity of cyclic shifts than the first set of resources. Accordingly, the mobile station may transmit feedback on either the first set of resources or the second set of resources based at least in part on a distance associated with the feedback. As an alternative, the mobile station may compute a timing advance associated with transmission of feedback. Accordingly, the mobile station may feedback that is shifted in time according to the timing advance. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may determine a position (e.g., a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)) position of the UE based on a relative position of the UE to another UE. For example, a first UE may determine (e.g., calculate, receive) a relative position of the first UE to a second UE that is selected from a set of UEs including the first UE and the second UE to perform a position acquisition procedure to determine a position of the second UE. The first UE may determine (e.g., calculate, receive) its position based on the relative position of the first UE to the second UE and the position of the second UE and may reset a timer that indicates for the first UE to perform a position acquisition procedure upon expiration of the timer.

Abstract: A server, user terminal, system, method and computer-program product for performing a data transfer to upload a data file from the user terminal to the server or download a data file from the server to the user terminal, via a connection over a network. The method comprises evaluating a size of the data file to be uploaded or downloaded, determining a measure of a current workload of the server, and estimating a bandwidth of at least part of the connection. A time-out window is derived during which the transfer of the data file is allowed to be performed, wherein the deriving of the time out window is performed based the data file size, server workload and bandwidth. The data transfer is enabled during the time-out window, but timed out when the time-out window expires.

Abstract: A diving mask includes primarily at least one draining guide protruded outward which is located at a proper position of pressure equalizers protruded inward in a nosepiece of the diving mask. The draining guide is connected to a mirror and nasal wings of the nosepiece, which forms the pressure equalizers with draining guides. In addition to facilitate to use fingers to pinch nostrils to balance ear pressure with the pressure equalizers, when water permeates into the mirror, the water in the mirror can be smoothly drained into a bottom of the nosepiece through the draining guides. Therefore, a diver can lift up the bottom of diving mask under the water and then blow hard with a nose to completely expel out the water.

Abstract: A diving vest with adjustable buoyancy mainly has a back pad filled with a soft polyurethane gel body therein and disposed additionally on a back portion on an inner side of a regular vest; two left and right sides at the lower ends of the back pad extend respectively to form lashing waist bands; the protruding back pad leans against a human body's concave waist spine portion for obtaining a good ergonomic support and protecting the waist spine portion; the lashing waist band penetrates through a ring band on a waist bag of the vest thereby linking the waist bag to tightly lash a diver onto the vest. The lashing waist band lashes from the back pad as the beginning point such that it is more capable of tightly pulling the vest from the rear to the front for lashing the diver.