Abstract: A heating element for textiles is disclosed, which comprises a plane textile element and, combined with this, metal conductors, which can be connected to a source of electrical current and which oppose the electrical current flowing through them with a heat-producing resistance. As resistance elements, the conductors have metallic fibers or filaments with a denier like that of natural or synthetic textile fibers. The metallic fibers or filaments have an average cross sectional thickness of about 8 to about 24 microns.

Abstract: A process for the washing or rinsing of dyed or printed, continuously advancing width of textile materials, whereby a foam is uniformly applied to one side of the textile material. The foam is produced from a liquid containing one or several surface active agents, together with a compound soluble in the liquid, and having no affinity to the fibers of the textile material to be treated, but displaying a high adsorption capacity for the substances to be washed from the textile material. Immediately following the application of the foam, the widths of the textile material are exposed to a steam treatment and then rinsed. A two-stage embodiment of the process in which immediately preceding the application of the foam a similar foam is applied and removed together with a part of the substances to be washed or rinsed from the textile material. The second stage, which includes the steam treatment, then merely removes the residual substances to be washed or rinsed out.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for washing dyed or printed textile material to remove unwanted substances from the dying or printing process, comprising the steps of applying to the textile material a foam which is produced from a liquid and contains at least one surface active agent and a component which is soluble in the liquid, has substantially no affinity for the fibers of the textile material and possesses a substantial adsorption capacity for the substances to be removed; working the foam into the textile material; and removing the foam. Also disclosed is a liquid composition for carrying out the disclosed process.

Abstract: Pile fabrics with a pile containing thermoplastic fibres are thermoprinted with a pattern, the contact pressure between the pile fabric and the thermoprinting web in the heating zone being such that about 40 to 60% of the pile is compressed, and immediately afterwards relief-formed and/or surface formed while still hot with a pattern which bears a strict relationship to the thermoprinted pattern. A machine for carrying out this process comprises a thermoprinting unit with adjustable contact pressure and a relief-forming and/or surface forming patterning unit which functions in synchronism and coordination therewith.

Abstract: Pile fabrics with a pile containing thermoplastic fibers are thermoprinted with a pattern, the contact pressure between the pile fabric and the thermoprinting web in the heating zone being such that about 40 to 60% of the pile is compressed, and immediately afterwards relief-formed and/or surface formed while still hot with a pattern which bears a strict relationship to the thermoprinted pattern. A machine for carrying out this process comprises a thermoprinting unit with adjustable contact pressure and a relief-forming and/or surface forming patterning unit which functions in synchronism and coordination therewith.

Abstract: Process for printing long-piled material, particularly for imitating the hides of animals. In the process, in a continuous passage and in one or more steps, varying quantities of a coloring paste, according to a predetermined design, are imprinted at least on the back of the pile material while it is held under tension. After imprinting, the coloring paste is pressed into the pile material by mechanical force applied by pressure rollers. If both the front and the back of the material are to be printed, color paste is first imprinted on the front and the material then pressed, after which color paste is imprinted on the back of the material and the material pressed again.Apparatus for performing the process comprises printing units through which the material passes under tension, and a pressing unit is provided between each two successive printing units.

Abstract: A method is provided for decorating or treating the pile side of pile fabrics to imitate naturally occurring designs and/or configurations such as animal skins and hides, for example. The pile surface is first color printed by a tinted printing paste and then relief-printed, in a manner related to the color printing, using a printing paste containing a shrinking or carbonizing agent in the proportion of within the range of between about 60-400g. per kilogram of printing paste. The agent used, which is non-volatile or substantially so, can contain O-phenyl-phenol or diphenyl ether, and also dyestuffs. The twice-printed fabric is then steamed.