Abstract: A fibre cement composition comprising at least one hydraulic binder, an organic processing aid fibre as the sole organic fibre within the fibre cement composition, and at least one inorganic fibre, which exhibits excellent fire resistance and mechanical properties.

Abstract: Panel connection system for the corner connection of two panels which are arranged at an angled inclination to one another, having a first connecting element having a bearing portion with at least one support surface, by which the connecting element is supported on one of the two panels, and a leg portion which projects at an angled inclination from the bearing portion and which has at least one first engaging structure, and a second connecting element having a bearing portion having at least one support surface, by which the connecting element is supported on the other of the two panels, and having at least one second engaging structure which is situated opposite the support surface, wherein the at least one first engaging structure of the first connecting element is designed for engagement in the at least one second engaging structure of the second connecting element.

Abstract: The invention concerns Phenolic Configurationally Locked Polyene Single Crystals, which are especially suited as highly efficient nonlinear optical organic material. The invention also concerns methods for growth of crystalline thin films or bulk crystals from melt and/or solution. The compounds are suited and the methods may be used for manufacturing optical elements for several bulk and integrated applications, e.g. electro-Optics and THz-Wave applications.

Abstract: The invention concerns Phenolic Configurationally Locked Polyene Single Crystals, which are especially suited as highly efficient nonlinear optical organic material. The invention also concerns methods for growth of crystalline thin films or bulk crystals from melt and/or solution. The compounds are suited and the methods may be used for manufacturing optical elements for several bulk and integrated applications, e.g. electro-Optics and THz-Wave applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a broadband Terahertz (THz) radiation generation and detection system and method. THz radiation is generated by optical rectification of an ultrashort pump pulse of a first wavelength having a duration in the picosecond- or sub-picosecond range in a first nonlinear optical crystal. The THz radiation is detected by electro-optic sampling or another appropriate method of a probe beam having a second wavelength in a second nonlinear optical crystal. According to the invention, at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled: a) the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength; b) the material of the first nonlinear optical crystal is different from the material of the second nonlinear optical crystal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a broadband Terahertz (THz) radiation generation and detection system and method. THz radiation is generated by optical rectification of an ultrashort pump pulse of a first wavelength having a duration in the picosecond- or sub-picosecond range in a first nonlinear optical crystal. The THz radiation is detected by electro-optic sampling or another appropriate method of a probe beam having a second wavelength in a second nonlinear optical crystal. According to the invention, at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled: a) the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength; b) the material of the first nonlinear optical crystal is different from the material of the second nonlinear optical crystal.

Abstract: A method of producing a device with a ferroelectric crystal thin film on a first substrate including the steps of providing a ferroelectric crystal, of irradiating a first surface of the ferroelectric crystal with ions so that a damaged layer is created underneath the first surface, of bonding a block of material including the first substrate to the ferroelectric crystal to create a bonded element, wherein an interface is formed between the first surface and a second surface of the block, and of heating the bonded element and separating it at the damaged layer, so that a ferroelectric crystal layer remains supported by the first substrate. By this method, very thin films—down to thicknesses of a fraction of a micrometer—of ferroelectric crystals may be fabricated without jeopardizing the monocrystalline structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a storage drum in turning drives of sheet-printing machines. It is an object of the invention to change the relative angular position of sheet-holding positions at a storage drum in turning devices with little expense and simple means. Pursuant to the invention, this objective is accomplished owing to the fact that sheet-holding systems (8, 9) are provided at the storage drum for taking hold of the sheets (7) in the front and rear regions, the sheet-holding systems (8, 9) can be adjusted relative to one another in the circumferential direction, the sheet-holding systems (8) for the front region of the sheet at the basic body (12) and the sheet holding systems (9) for the rear region of the sheet is assigned to a central axis (13), which is taken up by the basic body (12) and the sheet-holding systems (8, 9) are connected to one another by a clutch (18, 20), which can be released by means of the oil of an oil-under-pressure connection (29, 30, 31, 32).

Abstract: The process for the manufacture of the rib waveguide (4) is based on the process steps (a) ion implantation of high-energy light ions into a crystal, (b) the application of a mask to the surface (11.1) of this crystal, which defines strips, and (c), the etching of a rib (41) onto the surface (11.1) of this crystal. The process step (a) (ion implantation) causes the formation of a layer (14) with a reduced refraction index at a depth of some micrometers below the surface of the crystal (11.1). By this refraction index barrier (14), the light in the direction vertical to the surface of the crystal is restricted. The lateral guidance of the light is effected by the lateral limits (43.1) and (43.2) of the rib (41). The process is in particular suitable for the manufacture of waveguides in non-linear optical crystals, e.g., ferro-electric oxides (KNbO3, LiNbO3, etc.) and borates (LBO, BBO, etc.).

Abstract: A railway turnout includes conventional rail components (10) which are mounted to cross ties (12) having a top plate (20). Stirrups (22) depend downwardly from the top plate (20). Continuous tubular elements pass through the stirrups (22) and these elements are pumped with concrete to form continuous longitudinal beams which support the components (10).

Abstract: A railway truck assembly for performing a number of functions of repair, maintenance, replacement and other railway-orientated functions has a pair of trucks joined by one or more longitudinal beams which support hoists; the beam is pivoted for angular horizontal movement to accommodate curves in the track during transit and the beam having a length which spans a working space between the trucks and for the hoists to lift or deposit items or material from either or both trucks and transfer them to or from the working space.

Abstract: A family of cesium-germanium halide salts have utility as nonlinear optical crystals in applications including electro-optics and optical frequency conversion. These salts have the general formula CsGeCl.sub.x Br.sub.y I.sub.z, in which x, y, and z equal 0 through 3, inclusive, and where x+y+z=3. In contrast to well-known oxygen-containing materials, such as LiNbO.sub.3, these cesium-germanium halide salts exhibit optical nonlinearity with an extremely wide transparency range (without significant absorption) at wavelengths from about 0.4 .mu.m to greater than 25 .mu.m (covering the entire MWIR and LWIR regions). Based on Ge.sup.2+ ions, these halides have non-centrosymmetric perovskite structures. The halide ions form a strongly coordinating octahedral environment about the Ge.sup.2+ ions and resist migration in an electric field. The Ge2+ ions, however, are shifted slightly off center in the tetragonal phase, leading to a net electric dipole moment in each unit cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to new films for applying to a substrate and to methods for producing them.A composition, for use in preparing a film, (preferably an epitactic film) comprising a solid solution of KNbO.sub.3 and KTaO.sub.3 forming a product of formula IK.sub.1-y M.sub.y Ta.sub.1-x Nb.sub.x O.sub.3 (I)in which M is a monovalent metal ion other than K.sup.+ (hereinafter defined as the dopant);y=0.02 to 0.20 andx=0.05 to 0.95.

Abstract: Single domain crack-free and striation-free KNbO.sub.3 crystals having a maximum iron content of 15 ppm, a process for the synthesis of such crystals and laser systems comprising single domain crack-free and striation-free KNbO.sub.3 crystals which systems convert green light of wavelength 500-540 nm into blue light of wavelength 430-470 nm.

Abstract: A material in the form of a film is described which contains, in an orientated arrangement which does not display point symmetry, compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein X is .dbd.CH-- or .dbd.N--, R.sup.1 is C.sub.12 -C.sub.30 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl, R.sup.3 is --NO.sub.2, --CN, --CF.sub.3, --COCF.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or --SO.sub.2 CF.sub.3, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or is defined in the same way as R.sup.3, R.sup.5 is hydrogen or --NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently of one another are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl, it also being possible for any of the alkyl radicals to be partially fluorinated or perfluorinated.The compounds of formula I can be arranged in Langmuir-Blodgett layer systems. Such systems can be used for example for the manufacture of opto-electronic units.

Abstract: A suction system is arranged in a sheet guiding cylinder of a printing machine which is switchable from the first form mode to the printing on both sides of the sheet which is turned over by the suction system around its rear edge. The suction system includes an arrangement for automatically controlling suction air for operating a suction head which is movable in a sucker body of the suction system.