Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing highly elastic polyurethane flexible foams by the reaction of(a) polyisocyanates with(b) polyethers having a molecule weight of from 400 to 10,000 and containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms,in the presence of(c) water and(d) mixtures of crosslinking agents having a molecular weight of from 32 to 399 and containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, wherein said mixtures contain(I) alkanolamines and(II) amine-free polyols,with the proviso that components (c) and (d) must be used together as an aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane foams in which polyisocyanates are reacted with compounds having a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 and containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, in the presence of water and/or organic blowing agents, catalysts, melamine as a flameproofing agent, and other flameproofing agents selected from phosphonic acid esters having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 unsaturated alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 14 C.sub.15 aralkyl, or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 unsaturated alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.15 aralkyl, or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 aryl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together are C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene, R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkylene, C.sub.7 -C.sub.15 aralkylene, or C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 arylene, R.sup.5 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane foams comprising reacting polyisocyanates with compounds having a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 and containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, in the presence of water and/or organic blowing agents, catalysts, melamine having a particle size of from about 5 to about 90 micrometers as a flameproofing agent. The process is optionally carried out in the presence of other flameproofing agents, compounds containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of from 32 to 399, and known surface-active additives and auxiliaries.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane foams by the reaction of 1) polyisocyanates with 2) polyesters, polycarbonates, polylactones, or polyamides having a molecular weight range of about 400 to about 10,000 and containing at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms, or mixtures thereof, in the presence of 3) water and/or organic blowing agents, 4) catalysts and 5) flame-retardants, and optionally in the presence of 6) compounds with molecular weights of from 32 to 399 containing at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms and 7) surface-active additives and other auxiliary agents known in the art. The flame-retardants consist of graphite which has been modified with inorganic expandable materials, either alone or in combination with an inorganic co-flame-retardant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane foams comprising reacting polyisocyanates with compounds containing at least two active hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 selected from polymer-modified polyols and polyols containing predominantly primary hydroxyl groups, in the presence of water and/or organic blowing agents, catalysts, and flameproofing agents having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;X is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- wherein n is an integer of from 0 to 5 (preferably 0 or 1), --CH.dbd.CH--, a branched alkylene group, an arylene group, or (NH).sub.m wherein m is 1 or 2;Y is --CN or ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above or both R.sup.2 together form a bond.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane foams comprising reacting polyisocyanates with dispersions of (i) polymer-containing relatively high molecular weight hydroxyl compounds that are prepared by reaction of mono- or polyisocyanates with NH-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamines containing primary and/or secondary amino groups, hydrazines, hydrazides, and alkanolamines in (ii) a compound containing 1 to about 8 primary and/or secondary hydroxyl groups and having a molecular weight of about 400 to about 16,000, in the presence of water and/or organic blowing agents; catalysts; and flameproofing agents comprising an expandable graphite modified by inorganic expandable materials, alone or in combination with inorganic co-flameproofing agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of elastic, open-cell flexible slabstock polyurethane foams comprising reacting at an isocyanate index less than about 80 one or more polyisocyanates selected from the group tolylene diisocyanates, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate, with compounds containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of about 400 to about 10,000, in the presence of water as blowing agent in a quantity of about 5 to about 15 parts by weight for every 100 parts by weight of the isocyanate-reactive compound. The process may optionally include chain-extending and crosslinking agents containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of about 32 to about 399, and may optionally be carried out in the presence of other blowing agents, catalysts, auxiliaries, and additives.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polyhydroxyalkyl oligoureas prepared by condensing urea derivatives with polyamides. The present invention is further directed to polyether polyols prepared by alkoxylating these polyhydroxyalkyl oligoureas. Finally, the present invention is directed to the use of both the polyhydroxyalkyl oligoureas and the polyethers prepared therefrom for use in the production of polyurethanes, particularly rigid foams.

Abstract: Amine-modified polyurethane (urea) foams are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with a relatively high molecular weight isocyanate-reactive compound in the presence of a difunctional and/or polyfunctional amine corresponding to the formula(e) ##STR1## in which X, R', R", m and n each represent specified groups or values. The amine is used in a quantity of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight for every 100 parts by weight relatively high molecular weight isocyanate-reactive compound. Known additives and auxiliaries may also be included in the reaction mixture. The foams thus produced are characterized by improved mechanical properties and reduced amine odor. These foams are usefuel as cushioning materials, insulating materials, coatings and elastomeric materials.

Abstract: Polyurethanes which have been prepared or combined with another material are made by combining or applying a polyurethane-forming reaction mixture or polyurethane to another material such as a PVC foil or textile. The polyurethane-forming mixture or polyurethane is made up of an organic polyisocyanate, a high molecular weight isocyanate reactive material, a catalyst and a stabilizer against thermolysis and contact discoloration. The required stabilizer is an epoxide having an epoxide equivalent weight between 57 and 10,000. Other additives commonly used in polyurethane chemistry such as blowing agents, chain extenders and surfactants may also be employed. The polyurethane composites thus produced are characterized by improved thermal stability and reduced discoloration.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to mold release compositions based on a solution which is liquid at room temperature and contains(i) at least one zinc salt of a straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms in(ii) at least one organic compound containing tertiary nitrogen atoms which is liquid at room temperature,the zinc salt being present in a quantity of about 10 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, characterized in that component (ii) is based on at least one compound corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein R', R", R"' and R.sup.iv, which may be identical or different, denote alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or any two of the groups R' and R" or R"' and R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of optionally foamed polyurethanes which are combined or fabricated with another material, comprising reacting compounds with molecular weights from 400 to 10,000 containing at least 2 isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms with polyisocyanates in the presence of catalysts containing tertiary amino groups and combining or fabricating the resulting polyurethane with another material, characterized in that the catalysts used are diffusion resistant aminoalkanols corresponding to the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be identical or different and represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group,R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 may be identical or different and represent a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group or together form a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene group which may contain hetero atoms such as O or NR (R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl), and n and m may be identical or different and represent integers from 1 to 6.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of waterproof, fine-cell polyurethane elastomers having a density of about 300 to 800 kg/m.sup.3 by reacting(a) organic polyisocyanates,(b) polyhydroxyl compounds having a molecular weight of about 400 to about 8000,(c) water and, optionally,(d) organic chain-extending agents containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of 32 to 399,the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to NCO-reactive groups in the overall formulation being about 0.90:1 to 1.20:1, characterized in that polysiloxane ionomers are added to the water/crosslinker component in concentrations of about 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the reaction mixture as a whole.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mold release composition which is a solution, liquid at room temperature, of(A) at least one zinc salt of a straight chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms in(B) at least one organic compound containing nitrogen which is liquid at room temperature, the solution containing the zinc salt in a quantity of about 10 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.The present invention is additionally directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture containing isocyanate reactive compounds and the above described mold release composition. The present invention is further directed to a process for the preparation of molded products based on the above mixture and to the molded products obtained according to this process.

Abstract: New polycyclic acetals of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or heteroaryl radical andR.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently of one another denote hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl radical, orR.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together form an optionally substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkylene radical or R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 andR.sub.5 together form a fused, optionally substituted 1,2-phenylene radical,a process for their preparation and their use for the preparation of azalactones.

Abstract: Polyester polyols corresponding to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, Z, x, A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, A.sub.4, A.sub.5, A.sub.6, A.sub.7 and A.sub.8 each represent specified groups or values are made by reacting (a) a dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof or anhydride thereof with (b) a tris-alkanolamine and/or tetrakis-alkanol diamine. These polyester polyols are particularly useful in the production of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams.

Abstract: Composite polyisocyanate addition products are formed from (1) the reaction product of a compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000, a polyisocyanate and a catalyst which is a diffusion stable amino alkyl urea having tertiary amino groups and corresponds to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and n each represent specified groups or values and (2) another different material such as polyvinyl chloride, ABS, lacquers and textiles. Known additives such as blowing agents, chain extenders and foam stabilizers may optionally be used in the production of reaction product (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2,3,2',3'-bis-morpholine derivatives corresponding to the formula ##STR1## The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these derivatives and to their use as hydrolysis protective agents for synthetic polymers containing ester groups and/or carbonate groups. Preferred synthetic polymers are polyurethanes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2,3,2',3'-bis-morpholine derivatives corresponding to the formula ##STR1## The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these derivatives and to their use as hydrolysis protective agents for synthetic polymers containing ester groups and/or carbonate groups. Preferred synthetic polymers are polyurethanes.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of mono- to tetrahydroxyalkyl monoureas corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## in which A represents a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkylene group optionally containing OH-groups,n=0, 1 or 2.n'=1 or 2 andn+n'=1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 2-4 and, more preferably, 3,as reactive flameproofing agents in quantities of from 3 to 100 parts by weight and preferably in quantities of from 11.5 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of relatively high molecular weight compounds having molecular weights of from 400 to 10,000, preferably relatively high molecular weight polyols, for the production of flameproofed polyurethane foams, and preferably integral skin foams or semirigid to rigid foams. The invention also relates to dispersions or suspensions of mono- to tetrapolyhydroxyalkyl monoureas corresponding to the above formula in relatively high molecular weight compounds containing terminal hydroxyl, primary or secondary amino, carboxyl or hydrazide groups.