Abstract: According to some embodiments of the present systems and methods, orthopedic implants with porous structures are provided. In some cases, the porous structures have a combination of correct stiffness and pore size for encouraging bony ingrowth. When the implants have the proper pore size and stiffness, osteocytes are able to properly bridge the pores of the implant and then experience a proper compressive load to stimulate the bone cells to form bone within the pores. Other implementations are described.

Abstract: Improved fixation or stabilization of implants is achieved via one or more deployable spikes or anchors. The deployable spikes or anchors may be present in the implant in a nested, collapsed, or retracted position while the implant is inserted into the human body, and may then be deployed (e.g., into adjacent bone) after the implant is in place, thereby fixing the implant's location against unwanted movement. Such fixation or stabilization of the implant may reduce patients' pain, may improve overall short-term and long-term stability of the implant, and may improve osteo-integration into the implant.

Abstract: Orthopedic implants, particularly interbody spacers, have a combination of correct pore size and stiffness/flexibility. When the implants have the proper pore size and stiffness, osteocytes are able to properly bridge the pores of the implant and then experience a proper compressive load to stimulate the bone cells to form bone within the pores. An implant includes a body formed of an osteoconductive material and having a stiffness of between 400 megapascals (MPa) and 1,200 MPa. Additionally, the body includes a plurality of pores having an average size of between 150 microns and 600 microns. The pores permit the growth of bone therein. The body is formed of packs of coils which may be formed using an additive manufacturing process and using traditional orthopedic implant materials such as titanium and titanium alloys while still achieving desired stiffness and pore sizes of the implants. Other implementations are described.

Abstract: A method of tailoring a spinal implant to correspond to a specific patient's needs includes: pre-operatively evaluating a patient to determine a desired spinal segment response; and modifying one or more features of flexures of an implant to provide the desired spinal segment response. Modifying one or more features of flexures of the implant can include modifying one or more of a thickness, width, length and/or shape of the features of the flexures. Various systems for executing the methodologies taught herein are also provided.

Abstract: A coupling assembly for use in surgical constructs includes a first body and a second body. One of the first body and the second body includes a male member and another of the first body and the second body includes a female member. The male member is sized and shaped to be received within the female member and the female member has an internal bore sized and shaped to receive the male member therein. One of the male member or the female member includes one or more engagement features formed therewith or attached thereto. The engagement features are operable to provide a gripping interface between the male member and the female member to couple the male member and the female member one to another.

Abstract: A coupling assembly for use in surgical constructs includes a first body and a second body. One of the first body and the second body includes a male member and an other of the first body and the second body includes a female member. The male member is sized and shaped to be received within the female member and the female member has an internal bore sized and shaped to receive the male member therein. One of the male member or the female member includes one or more engagement features formed therewith or attached thereto. The engagement features are operable to provide a gripping interface between the male member and the female member to couple the male member and the female member one to another.

Abstract: A porous implant design method includes defining a design volume for a porous implant, a load to be borne by the design volume, and an objective function solution characteristic related to the design volume. Next, the load is divided into a plurality of sub-loads and an optimization procedure is performed: until all sub-loads have been applied, one of the plurality of sub-loads is applied to the material in the design volume, material from the design volume is removed such that remaining material within the design volume is capable of bearing one of the plurality of sub-loads while satisfying the objection function solution characteristic; the remaining material defines a void space without material, the void space is set as a new design volume for any remaining sub-loads, the new design volume is set as being full of material. Then, the remaining material from each cycle of the optimization is combined.

Abstract: Orthopedic implants, particularly interbody spacers, have a combination of correct pore size and stiffness/flexibility. When the implants have the proper pore size and stiffness, osteocytes are able to properly bridge the pores of the implant and then experience a proper compressive load to stimulate the bone cells to form bone within the pores. An implant includes a body formed of an osteoconductive material and having a stiffness of between 400 megapascals (MPa) and 1,200 MPa. Additionally, the body includes a plurality of pores having an average size of between 150 microns and 600 microns. The pores permit the growth of bone therein. The body is formed of packs of coils which may be formed using an additive manufacturing process and using traditional orthopedic implant materials such as titanium and titanium alloys while still achieving desired stiffness and pore sizes of the implants.

Abstract: Systems and methods for spinal fusion revision allow extending prior spinal fusion constructs in revision surgery, in situ, while minimizing surgical exposure of the prior constructs. A revision system for extending spinal fusion implants includes a tulip assembly adapted to be fixedly secured to a pedicle screw as part of a first spinal fusion procedure and a construct extension protrusion extending from the tulip assembly. A revision system for extending spinal fusion implants in situ includes a tulip assembly adapted to be fixedly secured to a pedicle screw as part of a second spinal fusion procedure adjacent a site of a prior spinal fusion procedure. The tulip assembly includes a receptacle adapted to be fixedly secured to a construct extension protrusion of a spinal fusion construct from the prior spinal fusion procedure via a press or interference fit.

Abstract: An expanding, conforming interbody implant includes a plurality of superior and a plurality of inferior segments. The segments are adapted to individually expand, contact, and conform to endplates of vertebral bodies to distribute forces equally over the implant and across the vertebral endplates. Once a proper extension of the segments has been achieved, the segments are locked in position. The implant has a stiffness that approximates the stiffness of bone, and the implant minimizes problems with subsidence, endplate fractures, and stress shielding.

Abstract: Orthopedic implants, particularly interbody spacers, have a combination of correct pore size and stiffness/flexibility. When the implants have the proper pore size and stiffness, osteocytes are able to properly bridge the pores of the implant and then experience a proper compressive load to stimulate the bone cells to form bone within the pores. An implant includes a body formed of an osteoconductive material and having a stiffness of between 400 megapascals (MPa) and 1,200 MPa. Additionally, the body includes a plurality of pores having an average size of between 150 microns and 600 microns. The pores permit the growth of bone therein. The body is formed of packs of coils which may be formed using an additive manufacturing process and using traditional orthopedic implant materials such as titanium and titanium alloys while still achieving desired stiffness and pore sizes of the implants.

Abstract: An expanding, conforming interbody implant includes a plurality of superior and a plurality of inferior segments. The segments are adapted to individually expand, contact, and conform to endplates of vertebral bodies to distribute forces equally over the implant and across the vertebral endplates. Once a proper extension of the segments has been achieved, the segments are locked in position. The implant has a stiffness that approximates the stiffness of bone, and the implant minimizes problems with subsidence, endplate fractures, and stress shielding.

Abstract: Improved fixation or stabilization of implants is achieved via one or more deployable spikes or anchors. The deployable spikes or anchors may be present in the implant in a nested, collapsed, or retracted position while the implant is inserted into the human body, and may then be deployed (e.g., into adjacent bone) after the implant is in place, thereby fixing the implant's location against unwanted movement. Such fixation or stabilization of the implant may reduce patients' pain, may improve overall short-term and long-term stability of the implant, and may improve osteo-integration into the implant.

Abstract: Improved fixation or stabilization of implants is achieved via one or more deployable spikes or anchors. The deployable spikes or anchors may be present in the implant in a nested, collapsed, or retracted position while the implant is inserted into the human body, and may then be deployed (e.g., into adjacent bone) after the implant is in place, thereby fixing the implant's location against unwanted movement. Such fixation or stabilization of the implant may reduce patients' pain, may improve overall short-term and long-term stability of the implant, and may improve osteo-integration into the implant.

Abstract: A porous implant design method includes defining a design volume for a porous implant, a load to be borne by the design volume, and an objective function solution characteristic related to the design volume. Next, the load is divided into a plurality of sub-loads and an optimization procedure is performed: until all sub-loads have been applied, one of the plurality of sub-loads is applied to the material in the design volume, material from the design volume is removed such that remaining material within the design volume is capable of bearing one of the plurality of sub-loads while satisfying the objection function solution characteristic; the remaining material defines a void space without material, the void space is set as a new design volume for any remaining sub-loads, the new design volume is set as being full of material. Then, the remaining material from each cycle of the optimization is combined.

Abstract: A porous implant design method includes defining a design volume for a porous implant, a load to be borne by the design volume, and an objective function solution characteristic related to the design volume. Next, the load is divided into a plurality of sub-loads and an optimization procedure is performed: until all sub-loads have been applied, one of the plurality of sub-loads is applied to the material in the design volume, material from the design volume is removed such that remaining material within the design volume is capable of bearing one of the plurality of sub-loads while satisfying the objection function solution characteristic; the remaining material defines a void space without material, the void space is set as a new design volume for any remaining sub-loads, the new design volume is set as being full of material. Then, the remaining material from each cycle of the optimization is combined.

Abstract: A surgical implant includes a deployable, retractable, or removable ramped nose. During insertion of the implant, the ramped nose is deployed such that the ramped nose can serve to distract a space into which the implant is inserted. At some point during or after insertion, the ramped nose can be collapsed and removed or retracted so that it does not extend beyond the space into which the implant is inserted, while the implant extends at full height throughout the space into which the implant is inserted. The implant includes an implant body having a deployable ramped nose adapted to selectively extend from the body and transition from a first height proximate the implant body to a second, shorter, height distal from the implant body. The deployable ramped nose is adapted to distract an implant site upon insertion of the implantable medical device.

Abstract: An expanding, conforming interbody implant includes a plurality of superior and a plurality of inferior segments. The segments are adapted to individually expand, contact, and conform to endplates of vertebral bodies to distribute forces equally over the implant and across the vertebral endplates. Once a proper extension of the segments has been achieved, the segments are locked in position. The implant has a stiffness that approximates the stiffness of bone, and the implant minimizes problems with subsidence, endplate fractures, and stress shielding.

Abstract: An expandable interbody spacer includes a first endplate surface located on a first side of the spacer and adapted to contact a vertebral endplate surface of a first vertebral body, a second endplate surface located on a second, opposed, side of the spacer and adapted to contact a vertebral endplate surface of a second, opposed, vertebral body and an expansion mechanism adapted to selectively apply a distracting force between the first endplate surface and the second endplate surface, whereby actuation of the expansion mechanism causes the spacer to transition between a compressed insertion configuration to an expanded fusion configuration. The spacer also includes one or more of a deformable surface, a porosity to promote bone on-growth or through-growth, a stiffness substantially equivalent to cortical bone, and structure distributing loads through the spacer substantially without transferring the loads through higher-stiffness structures.

Abstract: An expanding, conforming interbody implant includes a plurality of superior and a plurality of inferior segments. The segments are adapted to individually expand, contact, and conform to endplates of vertebral bodies to distribute forces equally over the implant and across the vertebral endplates. Once a proper extension of the segments has been achieved, the segments are locked in position. The implant has a stiffness that approximates the stiffness of bone, and the implant minimizes problems with subsidence, endplate fractures, and stress shielding.