Abstract: A multidimensional spectrometer encodes frequency information into laser pulses so that a frequency insensitive detector may be used to collect data for a multi-dimensional spectrograph only from intensity information and knowledge of a modulation providing the encoding. In one embodiment the frequency encoding may be done by a conventional interferometer greatly simplifying construction of the spectrometer.

Abstract: A multidimensional spectrometer encodes frequency information into laser pulses so that a frequency insensitive detector may be used to collect data for a multi-dimensional spectrograph only from intensity information and knowledge of a modulation providing the encoding. In one embodiment the frequency encoding may be done by a conventional interferometer greatly simplifying construction of the spectrometer.

Abstract: A multidimensional spectrometer encodes frequency information into laser pulses so that a frequency insensitive detector may be used to collect data for a multi-dimensional spectrograph only from intensity information and knowledge of a modulation providing the encoding. In one embodiment the frequency encoding may be done by a conventional interferometer greatly simplifying construction of the spectrometer.

Abstract: A method for automatic focusing of a microscope on a predetermined object in a specimen to be examined may include a) producing a set of criteria to be satisfied for the predetermined object using at least one training image of the object, b) producing a first image of the specimen to be examined which contains the predetermined object with the microscope in a first focal position, c) ascertaining the section or sections of the first image, which in each case satisfies or satisfy the set of criteria according to step a), and defining each ascertained section as object area of the first image, d) producing further images of the specimen with the microscope in different focal positions, e) determining the optimum focal position(s) using the further images, wherein, for this purpose, in all images only the partial region or partial regions which correspond to the object area or object areas is/are evaluated, f) focusing the microscope on at least one of the optimum focal position(s) determined in step e).

Abstract: A multidimensional spectrometer encodes frequency information into laser pulses so that a frequency insensitive detector may be used to collect data for a multi-dimensional spectrograph only from intensity information and knowledge of a modulation providing the encoding. In one embodiment the frequency encoding may be done by a conventional interferometer greatly simplifying construction of the spectrometer.

Abstract: A two-piece assembly with an internal attachment mechanism includes a tray providing a tray channel and a lid providing a lid channel. The lid is mateable to the tray such that their respective channels combine to form a duct. A bonding material is received in the duct such that the tray and the lid are bonded to one another.

Abstract: A filter, particularly for the filtering of the air for a vehicle interior, which includes a filter housing with a clean-air-side basic body, a filter insert, and an unfiltered-air-side cover. The filter insert is arranged between the basic body and the cover. The cover is provided with clamping elements which fix the filter insert in place.