Abstract: A continuous method for preparing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give hydroxypivaldehyde with subsequent hydrogenation in the gas phase at a temperature of 125 to 180° C., is characterized in that the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of a copper chromite catalyst comprising the activators barium and manganese and at a superatmospheric pressure of 30 to 120 kPa.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing primary aliphatic amines having 3 to 18 carbon atoms by reacting corresponding aliphatic aldehydes with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, characterized in that the reaction is carried out without solvent at a molar ratio of aliphatic aldehyde to ammonia of more than 1 to 16, above the critical temperature and above the critical pressure of ammonia.

Abstract: A continuous method for preparing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give hydroxypivalaldehyde with subsequent hydrogenation in the gas phase at a temperature of 125 to 180° C., is characterised in that the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of a copper chromite catalyst comprising the activators barium and manganese and at a superatmospheric pressure of 30 to 120 kPa.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing primary aliphatic amines having 3 to 18 carbon atoms by reacting corresponding aliphatic aldehydes with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, characterized in that the reaction is carried out without solvent at a molar ratio of aliphatic aldehyde to ammonia of more than 1 to 16, above the critical temperature and above the critical pressure of ammonia.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing primary aliphatic amines having 9 to 18 carbon atoms by reaction of corresponding aliphatic aldehydes with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst in the liquid phase, characterized in that the reaction is carried out solventlessly at a molar ratio of aliphatic aldehyde:ammonia of at least 1:30, at a temperature of 100 to 200° C. and at a pressure of 6 to 11 MPa.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing primary aliphatic amines having 9 to 18 carbon atoms by reaction of corresponding aliphatic aldehydes with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst in the liquid phase, characterized in that the reaction is carried out solventlessly at a molar ratio of aliphatic aldehyde:ammonia of at least 1:30, at a temperature of 100 to 200° C. and at a pressure of 6 to 11 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give the hydroxypivalinaldehyde with subsequent liquid phase hydrogenation in the presence of a nickel catalyst at a temperature of 80 to 180° C. and at a pressure of 6 to 18 MPa in the presence of an aliphatic alcohol and in the presence of water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining neopentyl glycol by hydrogenating cracking of high-boilers occurring in the production process in the presence of copper-chromite catalysts. The hydrogenating cracking proceeds in the absence of solvent at a temperature of 140 to 220° C. and at pressures of 7 to 28 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining neopentyl glycol by hydrogenating cracking of high-boilers occurring in the production process in the presence of copper-chromite catalysts. The hydrogenating cracking proceeds in the absence of solvent at a temperature of 140 to 220° C. and at pressures of 7 to 28 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give the hydroxypivalinaldehyde with subsequent liquid phase hydrogenation in the presence of a nickel catalyst at a temperature of 80 to 180° C. and at a pressure of 6 to 18 MPa in the presence of an aliphatic alcohol and in the presence of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing aliphatic carboxylic acids from aldehydes by means of oxidation with oxygen or gases containing oxygen. This novel process is carried out in at least two stages at different temperatures, preferably in the absence of catalysts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing aliphatic carboxylic acids from aldehydes by means of oxidation with oxygen or gases containing oxygen. This novel process is carried out in at least two stages at different temperatures, preferably in the absence of catalysts.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric nonanols and decanols are obtained by joint aldol condensation of n-butanal and pentanals, and up to 1% by weight of 3-methylbutanal, hydrogenation of the aldol condensation product to the corresponding saturated alcohols, and separation from the reaction mixture of the components boiling at temperatures lower than those of the nonanols and decanols. The pentanals are mixtures of 60 to 90% by weight of n-pentanal and 10 to 40% by weight of 2-methylbutanal. The alcohol mixture is especially suitable for preparing ester plasticizers.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric nonanols and decanols are obtained by joint aldol condensation of n-butanal and pentanals, and up to 1% by weight of 3-methylbutanal, hydrogenation of the aldol condensation product to the corresponding saturated alcohols, and separation from the reaction mixture of the components boiling at temperatures lower than those of the nonanols and decanols. The pentanals are mixtures of 60 to 90% by weight of n-pentanal and 10 to 40% by weight of 2-methylbutanal. The alcohol mixture is especially suitable for preparing ester plasticizers.

Abstract: For the preparation of predominantly unbranched higher primary alcohols, olefins from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of water and a catalyst which is rhodium, in metallic form or as a compound, and a water-soluble phosphine. The reaction product obtained is hydrogenated. The water-soluble phosphines employed are compounds whose anion is a phosphine containing at least one sulfonated or carboxylated aromatic radical and whose cation is a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium ion.

Abstract: A process for removing contaminating coatings from metal surfaces in which the metal surface to be cleaned is brought into contact with an aqueous alkaline solution containing as an additive 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the aqueous alkaline solution, of at least one compound of the formulaR.sup.1 --O--(CH.sub.2 --CHR.sup.3 --O--).sub.x R.sup.2 Iin which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are individually alkyl of 1 to 15 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl and x is an integer from 1 to 25.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric decyl alcohols obtained by oligomerization of propylene in the presence of deactivated zeolites as catalysts, followed by separation of the nine carbon olefins from the oligomer mixture, then hydroformylation of the 9 carbon olefins to 10 carbon aldehydes, and hydrogenation of the aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols. The mixtures, when esterified with phthalic acid, or anhydride, provide a mixture of isomeric di-decyl phthalates that can be used as plasticizers.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric decyl alcohols obtained by oligomerization of propylene in the presence of deactivated zeolites as catalysts, followed by separation of the nine carbon olefins from the oligomer mixture, then hydroformylation of the 9 carbon olefins to 10 carbon aldehydes, and hydrogenation of the aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols. The mixtures, when esterified with phthalic acid, or anhydride, provide a mixture of isomeric di-decyl phthalates that can be used as plasticizers.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric decyl alcohols obtained by oligomerization of propylene in the presence of deactivated zeolites as catalysts, followed by separation of the nine carbon olefins from the oligomer mixture, then hydroformylation of the 9 carbon olefins to 10 carbon aldehydes, and hydrogenation of the aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols. The mixtures, when esterified with phthalic acid, or anhydride, provide a mixture of isomeric di-decyl phthalates that can be used as plasticizers.

Abstract: Mixtures of isomeric decyl alcohols prepared by hydroformylation of mixtures of butene-1 and butene-2 in two stages to give aldehyde mixtures, and condensation of the aldehyde mixtures to form an aldol mixture, followed by separation and hydrogenation. The first stage of the hydroformylation proceeds in the presence of rhodium catalysts dissolved in water, the second stage in the presence of cobalt catalysts homogeneously dissolved in the reaction medium. The mixture of isomeric decyl alcohols, when esterified with phthalic acid, yields a mixture of isomeric decyl phthalates which are useful as plasticizers.