Abstract: A filter element, especially for filtering exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, having inlet channels that are open at the input end and closed at the output end in the flowthrough direction, and having outlet channels that are closed at the input end and open at the output end in the flowthrough direction, the inlet channels and outlet channels being delimited by filter walls, the profile of at least some of the filter walls of an outer region of the filter element being adapted to the profile of an at least locally curved outer side of the filter element.

Abstract: A circuit board with electrical components in which the components are inserted with their insulated bodies into through bores of the circuit board, slightly protruding from the underside and top of the board, and having contact surfaces which are soldered to a strip conductor. The lower ends of the components terminate in a hemispherical cup or rounded conical tip and have at least one lower contact surface protruding into the strip conductor and soldered to it. The upper ends of the components comprise a plurality of upper contact surfaces insulated from each other and connected to a plurality of contact elements protruding from the component body. The contact elements are connected at a distance around the bores to the strip conductor on top of the circuit board by soldering paste.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the remote pickup and reproduction of image of static or dynamic objects in which dark regions of a target provide outputs below a threshold value which are normalized or averaged through a divider during intervals of line scan interruption brought about by the detection of a below threshold level. The system, therefore, allows integration during the interval and by averaging and integrating values permits discernment of features which might otherwise be obscured by a leveling effect in dark regions.