Abstract: A medical fluid flow control system includes an interface including a first pump area, the first pump area of the interface including a pneumatic actuator port and a gasket seal port; and a membrane gasket including a second pump area for mating with the first pump area, the second pump area including a blind section which covers the pneumatic actuator port when the gasket is mated with the interface, the second pump area further including an aperture, the aperture sized and positioned to seal around the gasket seal port, allowing a negative pressure to be applied through the gasket seal port to a flexible sheet of a pumping cassette.

Abstract: A dialysis system includes a dialysis instrument including at least one pump actuator; a disposable cassette operable with the at least one pump actuator, a plurality of supply lines connected to the disposable cassette, each supply line including a supply line connector and a supply line tip protector; a plurality of dialysis fluid containers, the dialysis fluid containers each including a solution line having a solution line connector and a solution line tip protector; and an auto-connection mechanism including a solution line connector holder, a supply line connector holder, one of the holders fixed, the other of the holders moveable, and a moveable tip protector remover.

Abstract: A medical fluid pumping system includes a medical fluid pump; a first pressure chamber connected fluidly to the medical fluid pump; a second pressure chamber connected fluidly to the medical fluid pump; first and second pressure sensors connected operably to the first and second pressure chambers, respectively; and at least one processor operable with the pressure sensors to calculate a volume of gas in the medical fluid pump prior to a pump-out stroke using a reading from the first pressure sensor after exposing the pump to gas pressure from the first pressure chamber and to use the calculated volume of gas in combination with a known volume of the second pressure chamber and a pressure decay reading taken via the second pressure sensor during the pump-out stroke to calculate at least one volume of fluid pumped during the pump-out stroke.

Abstract: A peritoneal dialysis system includes: (i) an enclosure; (ii) a stepper motor housed by the enclosure; (iii) a pump head in operable communication with the stepper motor; and (iv) a disposable unit including at least one flexible membrane attached to a rigid piece, the enclosure configured to receive the disposable unit such that the stepper motor can move the pump head towards and away from the flexible membrane to cause, (a) the flexible membrane to move outwardly with respect to the rigid piece as the pump head is moved away from the disposable unit, and (b) the flexible membrane to move inwardly with respect to the rigid piece as the pump head is moved away from the disposable unit.

Abstract: A peritoneal dialysis system includes: (i) a hardware unit, the hardware unit including a pump actuator; (ii) a disposable unit received by the hardware unit, the disposable unit having a moveable membrane operable with the pump actuator, the pump actuator moveable towards and away from the disposable unit; and (iii) the hardware unit and disposable unit configured to hold a negative pressure between the pump actuator and the moveable membrane of the disposable unit, the negative pressure causing the moveable membrane to follow the pump actuator as the actuator is moved away from the disposable unit, the pump actuator and membrane positioned relative to each other such that the membrane moves with the pump actuator as the actuator is moved into the disposable unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides automated peritoneal dialysis systems, methods of operating the systems and devices for performing same. A typical therapy performed by the present invention begins by draining dialysis solution that is already in the patient's peritoneal cavity. The system pumps fresh dialysate from one of a plurality of supply bags, through an in-line heater to the patient's peritoneal cavity. After a dwell period, the spent dialysate in the cavity is pumped out of the patient to a drain or other disposal means. The system then pumps fresh dialysate from the supply bags to the patient and the procedure is repeated as defined in the therapy protocol. The system can pump a last bag of dialysate to the peritoneal cavity for an extended dwell, such as a daytime dwell.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a cam arrangement for operating a series of valves in cooperation with a pump that pumps fluid to and from a patient, the valves including a supply valve, a drain valve, a from-patient valve and a to-patient valve is provided. The cam arrangement includes a camshaft and a series of cams connected to the camshaft. The cams are positioned and arranged to toggle back and forth between a first open position for the supply valve and a second open position for the drain valve, a third open position for the from-patient valve and the second open position, and the first open position and a fourth open position for the to-patient valve.

Abstract: A medical fluid machine includes a housing providing a first wall and a second wall, the first and second walls at least partially defining a pump chamber. A fluid receptacle is located within the pump chamber, the fluid receptacle including first and second flexible membranes configured to be moved apart to accept a medical fluid and moved together to dispel the fluid. A medical fluid outlet is in communication with the fluid receptacle. A first valve arrangement is configured to enable medical fluid in a sufficiently air-free condition to be delivered from the receptacle through the medical fluid outlet to a patient. A second valve arrangement is configured to enable medical fluid with entrained air to be delivered instead from the receptacle through the medical fluid outlet to an entrained air destination.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a pump for a dialysis system is provided. The pump includes a first chamber wall including a first aperture, a second chamber wall including a second aperture, a piston, at least a portion of which can move through the second aperture, the piston including a third aperture, and first and second membranes disposed between the first and second chambers walls. A vacuum can be applied through the first aperture to pull the first membrane towards the first chamber wall and can be applied through the third aperture to pull the second membrane towards the piston. The piston can thereafter move the second membrane.

Abstract: Improved cassette-based medical fluid therapy systems, apparatuses and methods are provided. In one aspect, various peristaltic pump tubing materials are provided. Cassette and membrane materials, configurations and manufacturing improvements are provided. Various aspects of the invention include: a head height sensing and compensating method and apparatus; an admixing method and apparatus; a pH measuring method and apparatus; an air detecting and removal methods and apparatuses; an active priming apparatus and method; and a volumetric accuracy improvement apparatus and method.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a method of controlling pressure in a medical fluid pump is provided. The method includes the steps of controlling a pump member acceleration during a first portion of a pump stroke and adaptively changing the pump member velocity during a second portion of the pump stroke.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a method of controlling a medical fluid heater is provided. The method includes the steps of determining a first heater control output based on a number of measured inputs for the heater and at least one mathematical relationship between at least two of the measured inputs, determining a second heater control output based on at least one fuzzy logic membership function and at least one fuzzy logic rule, and determining a third heater control output based on the first and second outputs and using the third heater control output to control the heater.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a cam arrangement for operating a series of valves in cooperation with a pump that pumps fluid to and from a patient, the valves including a supply valve, a drain valve, a from patient valve and a to-patient valve is provided. The cam arrangement includes a camshaft and a series of cams connected to the camshaft. The cams are positioned and arranged to toggle back and forth between a first open position for the supply valve and a second open position for the drain valve, a third open position for the from-patient valve and the second open position, and the first open position and a fourth open position for the to-patient valve.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a pump for a dialysis system is provided. The pump includes a first chamber wall including a first aperture, a second chamber wall including a second aperture, a piston, at least a portion of which can move through the second aperture, the piston including a third aperture, and first and second membranes disposed between the first and second chambers walls. A vacuum can be applied through the first aperture to pull the first membrane towards the first chamber wall and can be applied through the third aperture to pull the second membrane towards the piston. The piston can thereafter move the second membrane.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a method of controlling a medical fluid heater is provided. The method includes the steps of determining a first heater control output based on a number of measured inputs for the heater and at least one mathematical relationship between at least two of the measured inputs, determining a second heater control output based on at least one fuzzy logic membership function and at least one fuzzy logic rule, and determining a third heater control output based on the first and second outputs and using the third heater control output to control the heater.

Abstract: The present invention provides automated peritoneal dialysis systems, methods of operating the systems and devices for performing same. A typical therapy performed by the present invention begins by draining dialysis solution that is already in the patient's peritoneal cavity. The system pumps fresh dialysate from one of a plurality of supply bags, through an in-line heater to the patient's peritoneal cavity. After a dwell period, the spent dialysate in the cavity is pumped out of the patient to a drain or other disposal means. The system then pumps fresh dialysate from the supply bags to the patient and the procedure is repeated as defined in the therapy protocol. The system can pump a last bag of dialysate to the peritoneal cavity for an extended dwell, such as a daytime dwell.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a method of controlling pressure in a medical fluid pump is provided. The method includes the steps of controlling a pump member acceleration during a first portion of a pump stroke and adaptively changing the pump member velocity during a second portion of the pump stroke.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a dialysis system is provided. The dialysis system includes an enclosure having an interior, a fluid pump located within the enclosure, and a conductive member located within the enclosure and operated at an input mains voltage. The dialysis system also includes a number of conductive parts connected to the enclosure and spaced apart from the conductive member, and electrical insulation located between the conductive member at the input mains voltage and each of the number of conductive parts. The insulation includes double insulation having at least two layers of electrical insulation and reinforced electrical insulation.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a peritoneal dialysis apparatus is provided that includes a body provided with an operating portion and a display, a mounting portion provided on the body for detachably mounting a cassette, a pumping actuating device for setting a diaphragm in a positive and negative pressure state to distribute fluid from the dialysis fluid container to the drained fluid container, and a heater for heating an amount of dialysis fluid. The apparatus further includes a flow path switching device for opening/closing a flow path switching portion in order to form a flow path through which the heated dialysis fluid is distributed into and drained from a peritoneal cavity of a patient, and a controller for controlling operation of the operating portion, the display, the pumping actuating device, the heater, and the flow path switching device.