Abstract: A system and method are presented in which a flow of plastic is extruded to obtain nano-sized features by forming multiple laminated flow streams, flowing in parallel through the non-rotating extrusion system. Each of the parallel laminated flow streams are subjected to repeated steps in which the flows are compressed, divided, and overlapped to amplify the number of laminations. The parallel amplified laminated flows are rejoined to form a combined laminated output with nano-sized features. The die exit is formed to provide a tubular shape.

Abstract: A double-capped LED lamp operates on an electronic ballast for a low-pressure discharge lamp. The lamp has a first lamp cap having at least one first lamp connection, a second lamp cap having at least one second lamp connection, and an LED driver unit, which is electrically coupled between the first lamp connection and the second lamp connection, for activating a plurality of LEDs on the basis of a lamp voltage supplied by the electronic ballast between the first lamp connection and the second lamp connection in a first operating state. The lamp comprises a switching element for the galvanic separation of the first lamp connection from the LED driver unit in a second operating state, and an activation device for switching at least from the second operating state into the first operating state according to the lamp voltage.

Abstract: A method for reducing conductor track spacings in a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board has an input part, wherein the input part is fed by a supply voltage, and has an output part, comprising the following steps: inserting an intermediate conductor track which has an intermediate potential derived from the input part, maintaining a functional insulation gap between the intermediate conductor track and adjacent conductor tracks of the input part, maintaining a safety-relevant insulation gap between the intermediate conductor track and the adjacent conductor tracks of the output part. The intermediate potential has, with respect to adjacent conductor tracks of the output part, a voltage which corresponds at most to the supply voltage of the input part.

Abstract: A method for reducing conductor track spacings in a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board has an input part, wherein the input part is fed by a supply voltage, and has an output part, comprising the following steps: inserting an intermediate conductor track which has an intermediate potential derived from the input part, maintaining a functional insulation gap between the intermediate conductor track and adjacent conductor tracks of the input part, maintaining a safety-relevant insulation gap between the intermediate conductor track and the adjacent conductor tracks of the output part. The intermediate potential has, with respect to adjacent conductor tracks of the output part, a voltage which corresponds at most to the supply voltage of the input part.

Abstract: A double-capped LED lamp operates on an electronic ballast for a low-pressure discharge lamp. The lamp has a first lamp cap having at least one first lamp connection, a second lamp cap having at least one second lamp connection, and an LED driver unit, which is electrically coupled between the first lamp connection and the second lamp connection, for activating a plurality of LEDs on the basis of a lamp voltage supplied by the electronic ballast between the first lamp connection and the second lamp connection in a first operating state. The lamp comprises a switching element for the galvanic separation of the first lamp connection from the LED driver unit in a second operating state, and an activation device for switching at least from the second operating state into the first operating state according to the lamp voltage.

Abstract: The compounds of formula (1), in which R1, R7, R8, R9, R10, R17, R18, R19, R20 and m have the meanings as given in the description, are novel effective inhibitors of type 4 and 5 phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: The compound 1-(2-{4-[3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl}-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione is a novel effective inhibitor of the type 4 phosphodiesterase useful in the treatment of psoriasis or atopic dermatitis.

Abstract: The compound 1-(2-{4-[3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl}-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione is a novel effective inhibitor of the type 4 phosphodiesterase useful in the treatment of psoriasis or atopic dermatitis.

Abstract: The compound 1-(2-{4-[3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl}-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione is a novel effective inhibitor of the type 4 phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are salts of 6-heteroaryl substituted hexahydrophenanthridine PDE4 inhibiting compounds, which can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are salts of 6-heteroaryl substituted hexahydrophenanthridine PDE4 inhibiting compounds, which can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The compounds of formula (1) in which R1, R7, R8, R9, R10, R17, R18, R19, R20 and m have the meanings as given in the description, are novel effective inhibitors of type 4 and type 5 phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are salts of 6-heteroaryl substituted hexahydrophenanthridine PDE4 inhibiting compounds, which can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A salt of (E)-N-{2-amino-phenyl)-3-{1-[4-(1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)-be?zenesulfonyl]-1 H-pyrrol-3-yl)-acrylamide selected from the group consisting of the hydrobromide, methansulfonate, hemi ethane-1,2-disulfonate, benzenesulfonate, toiuenesulfonate and 2-naphthalenesulfonate.

Abstract: The invention relates to salts of 6-heteroaryl substituted hexahydrophenanthridine PDE4 inhibiting compounds, which can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of pharmaceutical composition for use, e.g., in treatment of airway disorders.

Abstract: The compound 1-(2-{4-[3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl}-2-oxoethyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione is a novel effective inhibitor of the type 4 phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: The compounds of a certain formula 1, in which R1, R7, R8, R9 and n have the meanings as given in the description, are novel effective inhibitors of the type 4 phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: Compounds of a certain formula I, in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 have the meanings indicated in the description, as well as salts thereof are novel effective HDAC inhibitors.

Abstract: The compounds of formula I in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and n have the meanings as indicated in the description, are novel effective PDE3/4 inhibitors.

Abstract: Compounds of a certain formula I, in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 have the meanings indicated in the description, as well as salts thereof are novel effective HDAC inhibitors.