Abstract: A set of iron-type golf clubs includes long irons with channel back configurations and short irons with cavity back configurations. The rear face configurations transition from channel backs through to pure cavity backs for increased performance continuum for the set. Additional design parameters for the set may also be systematically varied through the set, such as groove type and depth, loft angle, cavity volume, hitting face roughness, and sole width. At least one of the clubs of the set includes a sandwich-type construction for the hitting face having a dampening element disposed between a hitting face insert and a lightweight reinforcing core. In one embodiment, at least one club head is oversized.

Abstract: A set of iron-type golf clubs includes long irons with channel back configurations and short irons with cavity back configurations. The rear face configurations transition from channel backs through to pure cavity backs for increased performance continuum for the set. Additional design parameters for the set may also be systematically varied through the set, such as groove type and depth, loft angle, cavity volume, hitting face roughness, and sole width. At least one of the clubs of the set includes a sandwich-type construction for the hitting face having a dampening element disposed between a hitting face insert and a lightweight reinforcing core. In one embodiment, at least one club head is oversized.

Abstract: A set of iron-type golf clubs includes long irons with cavity back configurations and short irons with muscle back configurations. The rear face configurations slowly transition from pure cavity back through cavity-muscle backs to pure muscle backs for increased performance continuum for the set. Additional design parameters for the set may also be systematically varied through the set, such as face area, loft angle, offset and location of the center of gravity.

Abstract: Forged cavity back iron-type clubs and oversize clubs are disclosed. These forged clubs have thin, durable hitting face and relatively large cavity volumes. These clubs have high rotational moments of inertia to minimize distance and accuracy penalties associated with off-center hits. Long irons with hitting face of about 0.100 inch thick are achievable by the present invention. Also disclosed are forged irons made from stainless steels and annealed to achieve the desired hardness and ductility.

Abstract: Forged cavity back iron-type clubs and oversize clubs are disclosed. These forged clubs have thin, durable hitting face and relatively large cavity volumes. These clubs have high rotational moments of inertia to minimize distance and accuracy penalties associated with off-center hits. Long irons with hitting face of about 0.100 inch thick are achievable by the present invention. Also disclosed are forged irons made from stainless steels and annealed to achieve the desired hardness and ductility.

Abstract: A golf club iron having a thin front face which is supported by a biasly bent L-shaped insert that is disposed into a rear cavity of the iron to both support the front face and to create a “spring like” effect. The coefficient of restitution of the club head is greater than 0.8. The insert has a lower specific gravity and a higher Young's Modulus than the front face.

Abstract: A golf club iron having a thin front face supported by a biasly bent U-shaped insert that is inserted into a rear cavity and sole recess of the iron to not only support the front face and to create a “spring like” effect, but to create a void between the insert and the front face and sole portion of the club head. The coefficient of restitution of the club head is greater than 0.8. The insert has a lower specific gravity and a higher Young's Modulus than the front face.

Abstract: A golf club head having a cavity back arrangement and a sandwich construction is disclosed. The club head contains a thin strike face, a metal back flange and a light weight insert located between the strike face and the back flange to provide structural support to the strike face. The insert is in contact with at least a portion of the strike face and is made from light weight materials including magnesium and titanium. The club head is constructed to move the center of gravity lower and toward the back of the club head and to increase the moment of inertia. The insert provides the necessary support with adversely affecting either the center of gravity or the moment of inertia.

Abstract: An iron golf club head having a thin (less than 0.12 inches) first section that has an expanded unsupported front face region. The first section including a central portion forming part of a leading edge and wrapping around a sole section of the club, to create an increase the coefficient of restitution of the club head to greater than 0.8. The club head utilizes a rear insert that in addition to providing support for the front face, also allows for the fine tuning of swing weights with no change in geometry or size of the club head. This is accomplished this by the utilization of weight adjustment inserts that impregnate tungsten loaded plastic into sheets of carbon graphite and epoxy. The percentage of tungsten creating a weight range without any size change in the sheets.

Abstract: A golf club iron having a thin front face supported by a biasly bent insert that is inserted into a rear cavity of the iron to both support the front face and to create a “spring like” effect. The coefficient of restitution of the club head is greater than 0.8. The insert has a lower specific gravity and a higher Young's Modulus than the front face.

Abstract: A set of golf club heads having peripheral weights that change from club head to club head so that the center of gravity rises from the long irons to the short irons resulting in a consistent peak trajectory height along a line for each club head.

Abstract: A golf club iron having a thin front face supported by a biasly bent insert that is inserted into a rear cavity of the iron to both support the front face and to create a “spring like” effect. The coefficient of restitution of the club head is greater than 0.8. The insert has a lower specific gravity and a higher Young's Modulus than the front face.

Abstract: A golf club having a hollow club head construction with a lightweight composite core inserted into the club head cavity and juxtaposed against a front face by compressed gas to provide support to the front face therein. The core material is less dense and having greater flexibility than the front face. The front face has a variable stiffness so as to create a variable Coefficient of Restitution (COR) across the face, therein normalizing the hitting area over a greater portion of the face. The composite core in cooperation with the front face to provide a COR from about 0.8 in the middle of the face to about 0.9 in the outer section. The body of the club head having at least one opening wherein the composite core is visible and provides the shell for that portion of the club head.

Abstract: An iron golf club head having a thin (less than 0.12 inches) first section that has an expanded unsupported front face region. The first section including a central portion forming part of a leading edge and wrapping around a sole section of the club, to create an increase the coefficient of restitution of the club head to greater than 0.8. The club head utilizes a rear insert that in addition to providing support for the front face, also allows for the fine tuning of swing weights with no change in geometry or size of the club head. This is accomplished this by the utilization of weight adjustment inserts that impregnate tungsten loaded plastic into sheets of carbon graphite and epoxy. The percentage of tungsten creating a weight range without any size change in the sheets.