Abstract: Disclosed is an annular ear cushion for an earphone configured to be worn at an ear of a user. The ear cushion is configured to abut the head of the user along an annular contact surface of the ear cushion and to abut or face a housing of the earphone along an annular attachment surface of the ear cushion when the user is wearing the earphone in its intended position, thereby reducing the level of sound entering the ear canal of the user from the environment. The ear cushion further comprising an annular exterior surface and an annular interior surface each extending from the contact surface to the attachment surface and facing respectively the environment and the ear canal of the user when the user is wearing the earphone in its intended position. The ear cushion further comprising a foam core (150) having a first acoustic impedance, and a cover having a first portion extending across the exterior surface and a second portion extending across the contact surface.

Abstract: An active noise-reduction headphone arrangement has a housing bearing a loudspeaker having a first diaphragm surface coupled to a first volume of air bounded by and coupled to a user's ear, and a second diaphragm surface bounding a cavity within the housing assembly so as to define a second volume of air, rearward of the diaphragm; a conduit provided in the housing, the conduit being in fluid communication the ambient air via a first acoustic couple means having a first characteristic acoustic impedance, the conduit also being in fluid communication with said second volume of air via a second acoustic couple means having a second characteristic acoustic impedance; and a microphone having an inlet coupled acoustically to a predetermined location within the conduit.

Abstract: A MEMS microphone assembly has an enclosure enclosing a volume of air. A MEMS microphone chip is provided within the enclosure. First and second acoustic ports are formed in the enclosure, defining first and second fluid paths between the volume of air and air outside the enclosure. The MEMS microphone responds to a pre-determined linear interpolative value between two independent pressure signals supplied via first and second ports according to the potentiometic ratio of the acoustic impedances of the first and second ports.

Abstract: A MEMS microphone assembly has an enclosure enclosing a volume of air. A MEMS microphone chip is provided within the enclosure. First and second acoustic ports are formed in the enclosure, defining first and second fluid paths between the volume of air and air outside the enclosure. The MEMS microphone responds to a pre-determined linear interpolative value between two independent pressure signals supplied via first and second ports according to the potentiometic ratio of the acoustic impedances of the first and second ports.

Abstract: An active noise-reduction headphone arrangement has a housing bearing a loudspeaker having a first diaphragm surface coupled to a first volume of air bounded by and coupled to a user's ear, and a second diaphragm surface bounding a cavity within the housing assembly so as to define a second volume of air, rearward of the diaphragm; a conduit provided in the housing, the conduit being in fluid communication the ambient air via a first acoustic couple means having a first characteristic acoustic impedance, the conduit also being in fluid communication with said second volume of air via a second acoustic couple means having a second characteristic acoustic impedance; and a microphone having an inlet coupled acoustically to a predetermined location within the conduit.