Abstract: A hydrated metal oxide and/or hydroxide is applied by rubbing on to the surface of a substrate adapted to retain an oxide coating thereon and an organic compound is applied to the oxide coated substrate which is adapted to combine with the oxide coating thereon to provide a combined coating of oxide and organic compound which is water and oil repellent and abrasion resistant.

Abstract: A battery system having a zinc containing anode in an alkaline electrolyte produced in a manner to substantially avoid dendritic growth and anode shape change with additives added to the electrolyte and/or anode to assist therein.

Abstract: A water based cleaning composition including a major portion of water, a minor portion of a cleaning agent such as ammonium hydroxide or a lower alcohol such as isopropanal and a small portion of a polyethylene and alkoxy polyethylene glycol of high molecular weight and triethylene glycol which not only acts as a lubricant but has a preferential affinity for glass and the like as compared with oil, grease, dirt and/or lubricity component such as ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate.

Abstract: A battery system having a zinc containing anode in an alkaline electrolyte produced in a manner to substantially avoid dendritic growth and anode shape change with additives added to the electrolyte and/or anode to assist therein.

Abstract: A water based cleaning composition including a major portion of water, a minor portion of a cleaning agent such as ammonium hydroxide or a lower alcohol such as isoproponal and a small portion of a polyethylene glycol of high molecular weight which not only acts as a lubricant but has a preferential affinity for glass and the like as compared with oil, grease, dirt and/or a lubricity component such as ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate.

Abstract: A battery system having a zinc containing anode in an alkaline electrolyte produced in a manner to substantially avoid dendritic growth and anode shape change with additives added to the electrolyte and/or anode to assist therein.

Abstract: A new type of knife sharpening tool having a cutting surface consisting of abrasive grains embedded and held in place in a ceramic-metal matrix, chemically bonded to a substrate such as a steel core and method of making same.

Abstract: A new ceramic treatment process and product and, more particularly, a process for forming and treating and shaping and treating of porous skeletal bodies to produce hardened dimensionally stable end products at relatively low temperatures and the resulting materials produced thereby which comprises the steps of treating a porous skeletal body by impregnating the interstices of the porous body with a compound of a metal capable of being converted to an oxide in situ at relatively low temperatures, heating the body so impregnated at temperatures well below normal vitrification to a temperature of at least 600.degree. F. and for a period of time sufficient to convert the compound impregnated therein to an oxide and repeating the impregnation and heating steps until the desired degree of hardness is obtained.

Abstract: A new ceramic treatment process and product and, more particularly, a process for forming and treating and shaping and treating of porous skeletal bodies to produce hardened dimensionally stable end products at relatively low temperatures and the resulting materials produced thereby which comprises the steps of treating a porous skeletal body by impregnating the interstices of the porous body with a compound of a metal capable of being converted to an oxide in situ at relatively low temperatures, heating the body so impregnated at temperatures well below normal vitrification to a temperature of at least 600.degree. F. and for a period of time sufficient to convert the compound impregnated therein to an oxide and repeating the impregnation and heating steps until the desired degree of hardness is obtained.

Abstract: Porous chrome plated surfaces are densified by treating the surface with a chromic acid solution and heating the treated surface to convert the chromic acid to chromic oxide. Repeated treating and conversion steps may be used to completely fill the pores and cracks.

Abstract: Chromium oxide densification, bonding, hardening and strengthening of bodies having interconnecting porosity therein by impregnation with a chromium compound convertible to chromium oxide on heating, heating the impregnated body to convert the compound to chromium oxide and repeating the impregnation and heating steps. The body may be of any material composed of an oxide, has an oxide constituent or will form a well adhering oxide on its surface.

Abstract: A new ceramic treatment process and product and, more particularly, a process for forming and treating and shaping and treating of porous skeletal bodies to produce hardened dimensionally stable end products of relatively low temperatures and the resulting materials produced thereby which comprises the steps of treating a porous skeletal body by impregnating the interstices of the porous body with a compound of a metal capable of being converted to an oxide in situ at relatively low temperatures, heating the body so impregnated at temperatures well below normal vitrification to a temperature of at least 600.degree.F. and for a period of time sufficient to convert the compound impregnated therein to an oxide and repeating the impregnation and heating steps until the desired degree of hardness is obtained.